孕前妇女TORCH感染的血清学检测及意义

目的 了解孕前妇女感染TORCH4种病原体血清的IgM情况,探讨TORCH感染与优生的相关性.方法 利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对550例孕前妇女静脉血进行检测.结果 TOX,CMV感染率居首位,曾有不良孕产史组感染率高于正常孕前组.结论 TORCH感染后,引起怀孕后不良孕产史的重要因素之一.及时发现高危因素,并进行TORCH 筛查,对优生优育是非常有用的.孕前积极采取措施,做好保健工作,防治TORCH感染,做好出生缺陷一级预防,提高出生人口素质.     

昆明地区2419例不良孕产史夫妇孕前染色体核型分析

目的了解不良孕产史患者染色体异常发生情况,为孕前遗传咨询提供科学依据。方法 2007年-2010年对2419例不孕、不育、自然流产、死胎、死产、或有智力障碍、发育迟缓等患儿生育史的孕前保健对象进行外周血染色体核型分析。结果 2419例中异常染色体189例,异常核型比例为7.81%(189/2419)。男性1295例中异常染色体140例,女性1176例中异常染色体47例,男性染色体异常占检出异常核型总数的74.07%(140/189),远高于女性24.87%(47/189)。男性异常染色体中,性染色体数目和结构异常27例,性染色体多态中大Y25例,小Y32例;常染色体数目和结构异常36例,常染色体多态31例;女性异常染色体中,性染色体数目和结构异常17例;常染色体数目和结构异常17例,常染色体多态13例;有2例社会性别为女性,而核型为46,XY的女性性反转病例。结论染色体病在孕前保健对象中尤其是不孕、不育、自然流产、死胎、死产或有智力障碍、发育迟缓等患儿生育史的目标人群中有一定的发生率。所以在孕前保健风险筛查和评估时必须发现育龄夫妇的这一些风险因素,并进行染色体检查,排除染色体异常。     

370例孕前检查女性TORCH感染情况分析

目的 分析目前孕前检查女性风疹病毒(RV)、巨细胞病毒CMV、弓形虫(TOX)感染状况,为孕前优生咨询提供依据.方法 用电化学发光法检测孕前妇女血清RV、CMV、TOX的IgG、IgM抗体.结果 370例孕前妇女RV-IgG阳性率为91.62％,CMV-IgG阳性率为88.64％,CMV-IgM阳性率为1.08％,TOX-IgG阳性率为4.59％,TOX-IgM阳性率为1.35％.TORCH感染与籍贯及文化程度无相关性.结论 风疹病毒及巨细胞病毒感染人数超过检测人群的88％,应早期接种疫苗,避免感染的发生.弓形虫的感染率超过检测人群的4.5％,建议孕前妇女远离宠物.孕前进行巨细胞病毒、风疹病毒、弓形虫IgG、IgM的检查意义重大.提前检测,避免感染期怀孕,有助于减少妊娠不良结局发生的概率,降低先天畸形的发生率.     

沈阳地区694例孕前优生检查结果分析

强制婚检取消后，准新人自觉选择婚检的主动性下降，造成了一些遗传性疾病和传染病的传播和延续。我市近2年来，婚前医学检查率为3％左右，而孕前保健又处于真空状态，为加强一级预防，满足人们日益增长的生殖健康要求，促进优生优育，降低出生缺陷，尽可能避免妊娠中的不利因素影响，我们沈阳市妇幼保健所成立了“孕前准备”门诊。由此可以发现疾病，进行必要的医学干预，并进行科学的孕前优生指导。     

婚前检查联合孕前检查资源整合效果分析

目的通过分析1230对婚前医学检查（婚检）和孕前医学检查（孕前检查）的夫妇检查结果,探讨婚检和孕前检查对优生优育的重要性,以及两个检查项目结合开展的价值。方法选择2013年1月至12月在我院自愿要求同时进行免费婚检和孕前检查的1230对夫妇作为研究对象,按照国家免费婚前优生健康检查项目和免费孕前优生健康检查项目流程,收集体检及化验资料,进行数据录入与统计分析。结果孕前检查的疾病检出率为40．04％,婚前检查的疾病检出率为31．62％,两者比较有明显差异性（P〈O．01）,女性生殖系统疾病的感染率为24．15％,明显高于男性（P〈O．01）。结论婚前检查联合孕前检查既是预防出生缺陷,提高人口素质的两道必要防线,又是最佳的医疗资源整合的管理新模式。     

十堰市区孕前优生检查结果分析

新的《婚姻登记管理条例》取消了作为预防出生缺陷首要环节的强制性婚前医学检查,各地的婚前医学检查率急剧下降,对优生教育工作的开展和出生人口素质的提高将造成严重影响。     

加强孕前医学检查促进优生优育

目的分析孕前医学检查对优生优育的现实意义以及影响孕检的因素。方法以本院2012年全年自愿进行孕前医学检查的200例受检者为研究的对象,对全部受检者的孕前医学检查资料展开回顾性分析。结果200例受检者经过孕前检查,①疾病检出率：200例受检者经过孕前检查,有104例受检者查出患有各类疾病,占52%。其中,遗传性疾病占28.8%;生殖系统疾病占28.8%;传染性疾病占33.7%;内科疾病占19.2%。其余受检者均无异常。②影响孕前医学检查的因素：经济收入85例,占42.5%;文化程度45例,占22.5%;保健意识74例,占35%。结论加强孕前医学检查,能有效弥补婚前检查的缺失,但孕前医学检查工作的开展易受孕前夫妇的收入、文化程度以及保健意识等因素的影响。     

男性孕前精液质量检测结果分析

目的了解已婚未育孕前体检男性精液质量状况。方法应用WLJY-9000伟力彩色精子质量分析系统对576例已婚未育孕前体检男性精液量、液化时间、精子总数、精子密度、a级精子百分率、b级精子百分率、a＋b级精子百分率、精子活率等方面进行分析。结果已婚未育孕前体检男性的精液量、液化时间、精子总数、精子密度、b级精子百分率、a＋b级精子百分率、和精子活率与正常对照组之间差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;a级精子百分率显著降低（P〈0.05）结论随着全民教育和生活水平的提高,孕前人群的生殖健康知识认知情况很好,比较重视孕前检查。     

2016年至2017年襄阳市免费孕前优生检查实验室结果分析

目的通过分析襄阳市参加免费孕前优生检查者的实验室结果,探讨孕前优生保健工作开展的重要价值。方法按照国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目技术服务规范,对2016年1月至2017年12月5218例计划怀孕夫妇进行孕前优生健康检查,根据检查结果和评估方法,筛查出高风险人群。结果5218例检查对象经实验室检查共发现高风险人群449人(8.60%),女性高风险因素包括:乙肝感染或携带、肝功能异常、血糖异常、甲状腺功能异常、肾功能异常、巨细胞和弓形虫感染;男性高风险因素依次是肝功能异常、乙肝、肾功能异常;其中30岁以上人群肝肾功能异常、血糖异常、巨细胞病毒和弓形虫感染发生率显著高于30岁以下人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论免费孕前优生检查对优生优育和预防出生缺陷具有十分重要的意义,应加强国家免费孕前优生政策的宣传力度,加大对计划怀孕夫妇的科普宣教工作,减少出生缺陷,提高出生人口素质。     

4428例孕前优生健康检查结果分析

目的了解并改善夫妇双方身体健康状况及疾病分布情况。方法免费对准备怀孕的男女双方进行体格检查,血、尿常规检查,乙肝五项检查,血型检查,血糖检查,肝、肾功检查,梅毒螺旋体检查及女方风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒、弓形体检查,以及女方阴道分泌物常规检查和B超检查。结果生育高风险检出率5.3%,对怀孕存在不利风险因素的人群占13.4%。结论免费孕前优生健康检查及优生优育指导是非常必要的。     

Effect of manganese on thyroid function in sheep

Ten healthy adult male sheep aged about 1 year old were randomly allocated into two equal groups of control (no treatment group, n = 5) and experiment (n = 5). The two groups were kept under the same conditions of food and environment. Sheep of experimental group received MnSO₄, H₂O (5 mg/kg/day, SC) from day 0 for 8 weeks. Blood sampling of the two groups were done on days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 at 11 a.m. Serum T4, T3, FT3, FT4, TSH, manganese, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were measured. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were estimated by conventional methods. Serum and urine GGT activities were also measured. Urine samples were tested by urine dipstick analysis. Results indicated that serum manganese concentration was increased significantly on days 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 of manganese administration (p < 0.05). The changes in serum enzyme activities ALP, GGT, AST, ALT, and urea and creatinine concentrations during these days were not significant. Changes of urine GGT activity were not significant. Serum TSH, FT3, FT4, T3, and T4 concentrations decreased differently on days 14, 28, 42, and 56 (p < 0.05). Urinalysis by urine dipstick analysis was normal.     

Influence of L-thyroxine on cardiac function in athyreotic thyroid cancer patients — An echophonocardiographic study

Summary We have assessed left ventricular performance in twelve athyreotic patients by echophonocardiography during and after their follow-up investigations. Patients were investigated after 4 weeks without and after 2 as well as 4 weeks of therapy with 150–200 µg L-thyroxine (L-T₄). At the end of 4 weeks withdrawal of L-T₄ patients were severely hypothyroid in terms of T₄ and thyrotropin (TSH) serum levels as well as total cholesterol plasma levels. In comparison to values obtained in 12 age and sex matched normal controls left ventricular preejection period was prolonged at that time point (11020 vs. 9020 (SD) ms,p<0.05) and the isovolumetric relaxation period (IVRP) was significantly lengthened (7816 vs 5410 ms,p<0.01). Left ventricular ejection phase indices (fractional shortening and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening) did not differ significantly from normal. Preejection period dropped to 9020 ms (p<0.05) after 4 weeks of therapy with L-T₄. IVRP decreased to 6713 ms (p<0.01) but remained significantly prolonged compared to normal. Serum T₄, TSH and plasma cholesterol were compatible with borderline hyperthyroidism at that thime point.Thus, systolic as well as diastolic left ventricular performance (especially during isovolumic phases) appear to respond rapidly to thyroid hormone deficiency of short duration and at least partly to resupplementation.Abbreviations IVRP isovolumetric relaxation period - L-T₄ L-thyroxine - PEP preejection period - TSH thyrotropin Herrn Prof. Dr. Rudolf Höfer zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet     

复发性流产患者抗精子抗体检测与分析

目的探讨抗精子抗体在复发性流产患者孕前检查中的应用价值。方法选取420例有复发性流产史患者作为试验组,其中男189例,女231例,对其进行抗精子抗体检测;同时选取有正常生育史的45例男性与65例女性作为参照组,对两组的抗精子抗体的检测结果进行比较分析。结果试验组女性的阳性率为10.39%,男性的阳性率为7.26%,对照组女性的阳性率为1.54%,男性对照组中无人发现抗体阳性,RSA组的抗体阳性率明显高于正常对照组,差别有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 As Ab的产生与RSA密切相关,在对复发性流产患者的优生咨询中,需重视免疫学因素。     

Effects of thyroid hormones on the hippocampal glial cells of fasting rats

The effects of the oral administration of thyroid hormones on the hippocampal glial cells in fasting or fed adult rats were studied. The hormone treatment and/or fasting were done during two periods of five days interpolated by ten days without any hormone treatment or fasting. Prominent histological changes and increased number of glial cells were observed in the hippocampus of rats when the thyroid hormone administration was associated with fasting.     

Effect of amitriptyline on the messenger RNA of thyroid hormone-responsive genes in rat cerebral tissue

To determine the molecular mechanisms of the potentiating effect of thyroid hormones (TH) on the therapeutic efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), the expression of two known TH-responsive mRNAs was measured in control rats and rats treated with triiodothyronine (T3, 10 microg/100 g for 10 days), amitriptyline (10 mg/kg for 10 days), or combined T3 and amitriptyline. Northern blot analysis was carried out to measure the cerebral tissue content of a novel translational repressor (NAT-1) and another thyroid hormone-responsive (THR) mRNA. Rats treated with the combination of T3 and amitriptyline had significantly higher NAT-1 expression (2691.1+/-134.1 arbitrary units) than rats treated with T3 only (1688.5+/-77.8) or with amitriptyline only (1452.5+/-87.5) or the untreated control rats (731.3+/-23.0), P<0.01. Amitriptyline treatment did not alter the expression of THR mRNA or THR protein in either control or T3-treated rats. It is concluded that alterations in the expression of selective T3 responsive genes in cerebral tissue could be a mechanism of the known T3 potentiation of the therapeutic efficacy of TCA.     

自身免疫性甲状腺疾病外周血淋巴细胞体外分泌IgG及抑制功能的研究

本实验在体外测定了自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(autoimmune thyroid disease,AITD)患者外周血淋巴细胞培养的上清IgG含量,并根据Concanaralin(ConA)可诱导抑制性T细胞(suppressor T cell,Ts)的原理,检测了ConA诱导Ts对淋巴细胞分泌IgG的抑制率(suppressiverate,SR)。结果表明AITD患者淋巴细胞分泌IgG与正常人无明显差别(P>0.05),而其SR较正常对照显著低下(P<0.05),且SR与Graves病患者血T_3值呈负相关。实验进一步证明甲状腺素在体外并不影响ConA诱导Ts的抑制作用。本研究结果支持本病具有Ts功能的缺陷,且提示这种异常并不是继发于本病,而是本病原发性的免疫表现。     

化学发光免疫法和放射免疫法对甲状腺激素检测的比较分析

本文应用化学发光免疫分析和放射免疫分析检测血清甲状腺激素。结果表明,两种分析技术测定值相关性良好,其相关系数（ｒ）分别为０．９８４,０．９７９,０．９６,０．９８３。化学发光法实现分析程序安全自动化,非常适宜大量样品的检测,试剂盒有效期长,在一定时期两种方法将相互补充。     

复发性口腔溃疡与甲状腺激素水平关系

本文用放射免疫分析法对７０例各病期的复发性口腔溃疡（ＲＯＵ）患者和６０例正常人血清甲状腺激素含量进行了检测和分析，结果如下：（１）ＲＯＵ患者各期的血清ＦＴ４和ＦＴ３含量均低于正常人（Ｐ〈０．０５，Ｐ〈０．０１），溃疡期含量低，较初发期显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）；愈全期，间歇期较溃疡期逐渐回升（Ｐ〈０．０５，Ｐ〈０．０１），但间歇期含量仍低于初发期（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５）；（２）ＲＯＵ患者初发期     

Assessment of thyroid function during pregnancy: the advantage of self-sequential longitudinal reference intervals

Introduction

To evaluate clinical value of a new self-sequential longitudinal reference intervals of thyroid function during pregnancy.

Material and methods

We established two different series of reference intervals: self-sequential longitudinal reference intervals (SLRI) and general gestation-specific reference intervals (GSRI). For SLRI, the serum of 301 cases were collected five times in every case throughout the gestation. For GSRI, A total of 1455 subjects included in the study. We collected the serum respectively at various trimesters. We used TSH of both reference intervals to screen 1744 pregnant women, and compared the percentage of potential misclassification.

Results

Both SLRI and GSRI differed substantially from that for non-pregnant women (p < 0.05). There are similar fluctuations of serum TSH, FT4 and TPO-Ab during normal pregnancy. Although there were no significant differences in most reference intervals between SLRI and GSRI. But the IQR of SLRI were usually smaller than GSRI , especially in 1^st trimester. Two hundred and fifty two women (14.4%) at various trimesters whose serum TSH concentration was within SLRI would be misclassified, while 23 women (1.3%) with a TSH concentration outside limit would not be identified. 0.11-3.84% women would got thyroid diseases during pregnancy. Subclinical hypothyroidism is most common maternal thyroid disorders.

Conclusions

The SLRI can reflected the changes of thyroid function realistically, and can be used to decrease the percentage of potential misclassification of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy. Screening for thyroid dysfunction of pregnant women is recommended and important.     

Effect of cadmium on thyroid function in sheep

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of long-term low-dose administration of cadmium on thyroid function in sheep. In this experiment, ten healthy Iranian male sheep, aged about 1 year old, were randomly allocated into two equal groups of control (n = 5) and experiment (n = 5). Both groups were kept under the same conditions of food and environment. Treatment group received cadmium chloride (1 mg/kg/day) orally for 8 weeks. Blood sampling of two groups was done on days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 every morning (8 to 9 a.m.). The function of the thyroid was evaluated by measuring the levels of serum thyroid hormones T3, T4, FT3, FT4, and TSH. The hepatic function in both groups was evaluated by measuring hepatic enzyme activities including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ glutamyl transferase (GGT), and total bilirubin (TBIL). Serum levels of T3, T4, FT3, FT4, and TSH significantly decreased in cadmium-treated sheep when compared to control group (p < 0.05). Serum enzyme activities of ALT, AST, GGT, and TBIL in Cd-treated sheep were significantly increased in comparison with control group (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that Cd-exposed sheep can be at a risk of low thyroid function.