基于非依赖性全扫描采集蛋白组学技术初步研究继发性多房棘球蚴病小鼠差异表达蛋白

目的　通过高分辨质谱数据非依赖性全扫描采集（data independent acquisition,DIA）蛋白组学技术鉴定多房棘球蚴病小鼠不同肝脏组织的差异表达蛋白,寻找其中可能与多房棘球蚴病致病相关的关键蛋白。方法　分离多房棘球蚴病青海田鼠体内原头节,用原头节感染雌性昆明小鼠（6～8周龄）进行造模。小鼠分为实验组与对照组,实验组注射约3 000个原头节,对照组注射等量生理盐水。两组小鼠培养1年后取实验组和对照组小鼠肝脏组织进行病理学检查,另取实验组小鼠肝脏病灶组织（病灶组）、病旁组织（病旁组）及对照组小鼠正常肝脏组织（正常组）进行蛋白DIA定量分析并筛选差异表达蛋白,对差异蛋白进行生物信息学分析。结果　在病灶组与正常组间检出1 020种差异表达蛋白,其中671种上调蛋白、349种下调蛋白;在病旁组与正常组间检出495种差异表达蛋白,其中327种上调蛋白、168种下调蛋白。京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG通路）富集分析显示,这些差异表达蛋白参与过氧化物酶体、过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体（PPAR）信号通路、脂肪酸降解等重要通路。通过文献检索,发现过氧化物酶体及PPAR信号通路与肝损伤相关,在这两条通路中共筛选出脂肪酸转运蛋白1（Fabp1）、肝衰竭与长链脂酰CoA合成酶（Acsl1）、酰基辅酶A氧化酶1（Acox1）、三羟酰辅酶A脱氢酶（Ehhadh）、乙酰辅酶A酰基转移酶1b（Acaa1b）等几种可能与多房棘球蚴病致病相关的差异表达蛋白,这些差异蛋白在实验组小鼠体内表达量均显著下调。结论　多房棘球蚴病小鼠肝脏内有大量蛋白质差异表达,其中Fabp1、Acsl1、Acox1、Ehhadh及Acaa1b等蛋白可能与多房棘球蚴病发病相关。     

继发性细粒棘球蚴病小鼠的细胞因子动态研究

为观察经实验诱发棘球蚴病小鼠体内几种细胞因子水平的变化，研究棘球蚴病的免疫学发病机制，对小鼠腹腔接种棘球蚴原头节，持续220d观察其血清中细胞因子水平变化，结果表明与正常对照比较，IL－2始终低于正常值，在220d达到峰值；IL－4在140d前呈增高趋势，以后逐渐下降；GM－CSF始终在正常水平以上波动，其中在100d达到峰值；IFN－γ在100d后超过正常值，140d后又急剧下降，说明机体在抗包虫免疫中的一个重要机制是Th2辅助的体液免疫与Th1介导的细胞免疫共同作用的结果。     

疑似精索细粒棘球蚴病2例

<正>2003-2008年甘肃省金昌市第一人民医院普外科收治疑似精索细粒棘球蚴病2例,现报告如下。1病例资料病例1,男,42岁,牧民,裕固族,甘肃省肃南县人。因腹     

云南省曲靖市细粒棘球蚴病一例

患者女性,31岁,云南省曲靖市沾益县德泽乡人。3年前B超检查肝左外叶囊性占位性病变,怀疑肝囊肿。2003年3月B超复查囊肿明显增大。2004年4月彩色B超查见肝左外叶约(8.4×7.6×6.9)cm的囊性无回声区,边界清楚,透声良好,诊断为肝囊肿。当天局部麻醉,行B超引导下肝囊肿穿刺,抽出的无色透明液体(277ml)中见许多淡黄色小颗粒状物。75%乙醇蛋白定性试验,2次均阴性。抽出液分别送本院检验科及昆明医学院寄生虫学教研室检查。送检液体无色透明,其中悬浮许多细粒棘球绦虫(Echinococcus granulosus)的原头蚴及囊壁碎片,确诊为肝细粒棘球蚴病，行肝棘球蚴病手术切除治疗。     

卵巢细粒棘球蚴病一例

卵巢包虫病较为少见。我们发现 1例无肝、肺和腹腔包虫囊肿的卵巢细粒棘球蚴病患者 ,报告如下。患者女性 ,4 7岁 ,回族 ,农民。生活于农牧区 ,与牛、羊、犬有密切接触史。下腹部发现包块半年 ,疼痛一月余。作者单位 :新疆尼勒克县人民医院 ,尼勒克 83570 0　　 2 0 0 1年 11月 7日来院就诊 ,以“腹腔包块 ,性质待查”入院。查体 :心、肺、肝、脾均未见明显异常。B超示下腹部混合性占位。 2 0 0 1年 11月 13日行剖腹探查术。术中见左侧卵巢囊性肿物 ,15 cm× 10 cm× 8cm,内见多个乳白色小囊泡 ,病理诊断 :卵巢细粒棘球蚴病。卵巢细粒棘球蚴…     

胆总管细粒棘球蚴病11例

我院 1975～ 1999年经手术治疗的胆总管细粒棘球蚴病11例 ,其中单纯胆总管细粒棘球病 6例 ,肝脏包虫囊肿破入胆道 5例。现就本病的诊断与治疗分析如下 :1　临床分析11例病人中 ,男性 6例 ,女性 5例。年龄最小 18岁 ,最大5 9岁。 7例为当地农民 ,4例为甘肃肃南固族牧民。2　临床表现包括腹痛 :腹痛病史最长 2年 ,最短为 2 4h。 8例为反复发作的右上腹部疼痛 ,3例为上腹痛。黄疸 :11例均有不同程度的皮肤及巩膜黄染。发热 :体温在 37.5℃～ 38.9℃。腹部体征 :7例右上腹部有压痛、反跳痛。莫菲氏征阳性。2例伴有休克及轻度意识障碍。 4例为右…     

肝细粒棘球蚴病合并结核性脓胸误诊为肝 肺细粒棘球蚴病1例

肝细粒棘球蚴病是由细粒棘球绦虫幼虫感染人或动物肝脏组织而引起的一种慢性寄生虫病。结核性脓胸是一种慢性活动性感染性疾病,主要侵犯胸膜间隙引起内脏、壁胸膜增厚。同时感染上述两种疾病的患者较为罕见。本文报道1例肝细粒棘球蚴病合并结核性脓胸误诊为肝、肺细粒棘球蚴病的病例,并结合相关文献进行分析讨论,旨在提高临床医师对该病的鉴别能力。     

肝细粒棘球蚴病的免疫研究进展

棘球蚴感染过程中，宿主的免疫应答机制十分复杂，免疫保护和免疫损伤并存。研究肝细粒棘球蚴免疫机制，将有助于阐明肝棘球蚴病的病理机制及调整恢复机体的正常免疫功能，为预防和治疗肝棘球蚴病提供一定的依据。     

继发性细粒棘球蚴的组织及组织化学观察

本文对感染原头节后7～9个月的 NIH 小鼠体内继发性细粒棘球蚴的组织结构及生化物质定位、含量及活力等进行了较为系统的观察,并与原发性细粒棘球蚴的作了比较。对组织化学的生理意义及结构特点进行了简要的讨论。     

儿童肺细粒棘球蚴病1例

患儿,男,12岁,汉族,大理祥云县人。2020年8月2日出现阵咳、有痰,口服阿莫西林胶囊3 d后无减轻;8月5日至当地卫生室予阿莫西林克拉维酸钾、炎琥宁、溴己新输液治疗3 d,仍咳嗽;8月11日起发热,并出现口周青紫、呼吸稍促;8月11日转至祥云县医院,血常规示白细胞、嗜酸粒细胞升高,胸部CT提示左肺上叶脓肿形成可能,诊断为“肺脓肿、重症肺炎”,予万古霉素静滴3 d,患儿咳嗽减轻,无气促,仍发热;8月14日转至昆明市儿童医院,以“肺炎、肺脓肿”收住院。流行病学调查结果显示,患儿无外出旅居史,常与家养犬接触。实验室检查示嗜酸粒细胞增高,血清棘球蚴抗体IgG阳性;胸部CT示双肺感染并左肺上叶空腔形成,见“水上浮莲征”,临床诊断为肺细粒棘球蚴病。予左肺上叶包囊剥离术,术后肺组织病理检查鉴定为细粒棘球蚴感染。包囊组织DNA经PCR扩增后测序,结果显示与细粒棘球绦虫线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚单位2 (cox2)基因序列一致性高达99.24%。术后口服阿苯达唑[10 mg/(kg·d),2次/d,每4周为1个疗程,间歇1周,连用3个疗程],体温恢复正常,咳嗽明显减轻。术后6个月复查,胸部CT示左肺上叶...     

囊型包虫病综合性防治试点研究初报

目的在新疆北部囊型包虫病流行区,开展以包虫病防治新技术为主的综合性防治措施。考核和评价预防控制效果,探讨现阶段适宜于这一地区的包虫病预防控制模式。方法选择地理条件、生产类型和民族组成诸方面有代表性的乡为单位开展试点工作。在政府主导下实施健康教育、以有偿服务的方式对居民进行包虫病普查、对病人进行药物治疗、对家犬皮下埋植吡喹酮缓释药棒控制传染源作为主要预防控制措施。以预防包虫病基本知识的问卷调查结果、7岁儿童血清抗体水平调查结果、1岁龄绵羊包虫病患病率调查结果和家犬粪抗原检测结果等为监测指标,考核和评价预防控制包虫病的效果。结果在试点第3年末进行考核的结果为:居民对预防包虫病的四项基本知识和感染包虫病的风险行为的知晓率提高了30%-70%;7岁儿童血清抗体阳性率从试点前的28%-37.7%下降至8.0%-16.0%;绵羊包虫病患病率从50.6%下降为13.6%;家犬粪抗原阳性率从19.5%-43.2%下降至1.0% -1.98%。3个试点县中有2个县通过有偿服务的收入支付防治工作的开支后略有节余。结论试点研究的结果表明本次执行的在政府主导下,以健康教育为先导,采取有偿服务的方式,推行综合性防治措施的模式具有支撑技术先进、高效;指标明确,易于掌握和操作;适应性强;深受群众和干部的欢迎。可在较短的时间内取得显著的预防控制效果并实现防治工作的可持续发展。     

Retrospective study of human cystic echinococcosis in Italy based on the analysis of hospital discharge records between 2001 and 2012

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important zoonotic parasitic infection. The European Centre for Disease Control highlights that Italy lacks a surveillance system for CE. Due to the lack of official data, we analysed the Hospital Discharge Records (HDRs) drawn from the National Ministry of Health. The aim of this study was to analyse data from the HDRs with CE-related diagnoses in Italy from 2001 to 2012 to assess the current status and trend of disease epidemiology. A total of 16,550 HDRs related to the admission of 10,682 Italian patients were examined. The HDRs were analysed according to the patient's region and province code to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of each case, together with the annual incidence rates of hospital cases (AIh) in administrative divisions in rural and urban areas. Lesions occurred frequently in the liver (83.6%) and lungs (8.4%). Patients ranged in age from 1 to 100 years (mean 59.8), and 57% were over 60 years old. The highest average AIh was registered in the Islands with 4.6/10⁵ inhabitants (6.9/10⁵ in Sardinia and 4.3/10⁵ in Sicily), followed by the South with an average AIh of 1.9/10⁵ inhabitants (5.4/10⁵ inhabitants) and the Centre with an average AIh of 1.07/10⁵ inhabitants (there was an AIh of 1.65/10⁵ in Latium). The analysis for trend showed a statistically significant decrease in the AIh throughout the study period (e.g., in the Islands r² = 0.98, p < 0.001). An AIh over 2/10⁵ inhabitants was observed in 31/110 provinces. Rural areas with comprehensive development problems had a relative risk of CE of 5.7 (95% CI, 5.3 to 6.9) compared to urban areas. The relative risk increased between areas where sheep breeding is widespread compared to those where it is less prevalent. This study shows a detailed picture of the geographic distribution and the epidemiological situation of CE in Italy, indicating that CE continues to be a significant public health problem in Italy. The retrospective study of HDRs is useful for the evaluation of the status of disease epidemiology; however, a surveillance system is needed to report confirmed cases of human CE.     

藏区人群细粒棘球蚴病患病影响因素的病例对照研究

目的 了解藏区人群细粒棘球蚴病患病的影响因素,为制定相关的防治策略提供依据。 方法 于2017年8-9月,在环境、海拔相似的西藏那曲县和四川石渠县共选择4个细粒棘球蚴病患病率较高的乡,采用1∶1病例对照的研究方法,通过入户问卷方式调查影响当地人群患细粒棘球蚴病的相关因素并进行统计分析。 结果 共调查了378人,病例组和对照组各189人。单因素分析发现,养狗年数（OR = 1.032,P < 0.05）、养狗数量（OR = 1.260, P < 0.05）、养狗方式（OR = 1.434,P < 0.05）、是否喂狗内脏（OR = 1.531,P < 0.05）、周围是否有流浪狗（OR = 1.946, P < 0.05）是患细粒棘球蚴病的危险因素。多因素分析中,是否喂狗内脏、周围是否有流浪狗、饮水来源等3个变量纳入了多因素回归模型。 结论 喂狗内脏、周围有流浪狗、饮用河水均是人群患棘球蚴病的危险因素。     

Identification of proteins differentially expressed by melatonin treatment in cerebral ischemic injury – a proteomics approach

Abstract:  We previously reported that melatonin protects neuronal cells against ischemic brain damage. In this study, we identified proteins that were differentially expressed by melatonin treatment during ischemic brain injury. Rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Adult male rats were treated with melatonin (5 mg/kg) or vehicle prior to MCAO and brains were collected at 24 hr after MCAO. Proteins derived from the cerebral cortex were analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein spots with a greater than 2.5-fold change in intensity were identified by mass spectrometry. Among these proteins, γ-enolase, stathmin, thioredoxin, peroxiredoxin-6, hippocalcin, protein phosphatase 2A, adenosylhomocysteinase, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, and NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit α were significantly decreased in the vehicle-treated group in comparison to the melatonin-treated group. The identified proteins consist of cell differentiation and stabilization proteins, as well as an antioxidant enzyme. In contrast, dehydroprimidinase-related protein 2 (DRP-2), a target of protein oxidation in neurodegeneration, was significantly increased in vehicle-treated animals, while melatonin prevented the injury-induced increase of DRP-2. Thus, the results of this study suggest that melatonin prevents cell death resulting from ischemic brain injury and that its neuroprotective effects are mediated by both the up- and down-regulation of various proteins.     

四川省石渠县人群细粒棘球蚴病影响因素的病例对照研究

目的　探索四川省石渠县人群细粒型棘球蚴病的主要影响因素,为制定相应的防治策略提供参考依据。方法 　2015年11月-2017年6月,随机抽取四川省石渠县细粒棘球蚴病患者（病例组）和健康者（对照组）作为调查对象,通过问卷调查患者年龄、性别、民族、职业、宗教信仰、居住方式、文化程度等人口学特征,以及家庭饲养犬、牛、羊数以及庭院内犬粪便密度等信息,建立logistic回归模型分析居民患细粒棘球蚴病的主要影响因素。结果　单因素logistic回归分析结果显示,细粒棘球蚴病患者危险因素在病例组和对照组有统计学意义的有7项,年龄、居住方式、养牛数、养羊数、养犬数、庭院内犬粪便密度等6个因素进入了多因素logistic回归模型,OR值分别为1.026、4.792、1.067、1.022、1.709、1.095。结论　高年龄组、游牧生活方式、养牛数多、养羊数多、养犬数多、庭院内犬粪便密度大等因素与四川省石渠县居民患细粒棘球蚴病高度相关。     

四川省石渠县人群细粒棘球蚴病影响因素的 病例对照研究

目的　探索四川省石渠县人群细粒型棘球蚴病的主要影响因素，为制定相应的防治策略提供参考依据。方法 　2015年11月-2017年6月，随机抽取四川省石渠县细粒棘球蚴病患者（病例组）和健康者（对照组）作为调查对象，通过问卷调查患者年龄、性别、民族、职业、宗教信仰、居住方式、文化程度等人口学特征，以及家庭饲养犬、牛、羊数以及庭院内犬粪便密度等信息，建立logistic回归模型分析居民患细粒棘球蚴病的主要影响因素。结果　单因素logistic回归分析结果显示，细粒棘球蚴病患者危险因素在病例组和对照组有统计学意义的有7项，年龄、居住方式、养牛数、养羊数、养犬数、庭院内犬粪便密度等6个因素进入了多因素logistic回归模型，OR值分别为1.026、4.792、1.067、1.022、1.709、1.095。结论　高年龄组、游牧生活方式、养牛数多、养羊数多、养犬数多、庭院内犬粪便密度大等因素与四川省石渠县居民患细粒棘球蚴病高度相关。     

Analysis of differentially expressed genes in individuals with noninfectious uveitis based on data in the gene expression omnibus database

Noninfectious uveitis (NIU), an intraocular inflammation caused by immune-mediated reactions to eye antigens, is associated with systemic rheumatism and several autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of uveitis are poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in individuals with NIU and to explore its etiologies using bioinformatics tools.{"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE66936","term_id":"66936"}}GSE66936 and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE18781","term_id":"18781"}}GSE18781 datasets from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were merged and analyzed. Functional enrichment analysis was performed, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed.A total of 89 DEGs were identified. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 21 enriched gene sets. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis identified four core enriched pathways: antigen processing and expression signaling, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity signaling, glutathione metabolic signal transduction, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways. PPI network analysis revealed an active component-target network with 40 nodes and 132 edges, as well as several hub genes, including CD27, LTF, NCR3, SLC4A1, CD69, KLRB1, KIR2DL3, KIR3DL1, and GZMK.The eight potential hub genes may be associated with the risk of developing NIU. NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity signaling might be the key molecular mechanism in the occurrence and development of NIU. Our study provided new insights on NIU, its genetics, molecular pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets.