18F-FDG符合探测正电子显像对淋巴瘤的临床应用研究

目的 探讨氟[^18F]—氟代脱氧葡萄糖(^18F—FDG)符合探测正电子代谢显像(SPECT／PET)对淋巴瘤的临床应用价值。方法 经确诊的18例非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)患者在治疗前后进行^18F—FDG符合线路显像，对显像结果用定性和半定量方法分析，并与B超和CT检查结果进行比较。结果 18例患者共进行30例次检查，真阳性21例次，真阴性6例次，假阳性2例次，假阴性1例次，其准确率90．0％，灵敏度95．5％，特异性75．0％，阳性预测值91．3％，阴性预测值85．7％。^18F—FDG显像改变了16．7％(3／18)临床分期和46．7％(14／30)的治疗方案。治疗后^18F—FDG对复发的阳性预测值100％，阴性预测值为80．0％。CT的阳性预测值50．0％，阴性预测值25．0％。治疗后阴性^18F—FDG显像患者无疾病进展生存期为16～47个月，平均28．7个月，治疗后阳性^18F—FDG显像的患者无疾病进展生存期为3～46个月，平均8．3个月。结论 ^18F—FDG SPECT／PET在NHL中具有重要的临床价值。     

PET-CT显像在直肠癌术后局部复发诊断中的价值

目的评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET—CT定性及半定量显像技术在直肠癌术后局部复发诊断中的临床价值。方法对20例临床可疑直肠癌术后局部复发的患者行全身^18F—FDGPET—CT显像，将显像结果与病理组织学及临床随访结果对比。结果病理组织学及临床随访证实，局部复发15例。采用定性方法诊断直肠癌术后局部复发的灵敏性和特异性分别为100％、60％。采用半定量法显示恶性肿瘤的标准摄取值（SUV，范围为2．7～17．2，平均9．9）明显高于良性病变者（SUV为1．3～4．0，平均2．6），诊断直肠癌术后局部复发的灵敏性和特异性分别为100％、80％。结论全身^18F—FDGPET-CT显像有利于直肠癌术后局部复发的定性及定位诊断；半定量方法较定性法更具有特异性。     

99mTc-DTPA-DG对肺癌A549细胞增殖的影响

目的观察^99Tc—DTPA—DG对肺癌A549细胞DNA合成的影响，探讨其作为分子显像剂在恶性肿瘤诊断及疗效判定方面的价值。方法向肺癌A549细胞中分别加入三种质量浓度（0．1、0．5、1．0mg／20μl）的^99mDTPA—DG、^18F—FDG及DG（分别为DTPA—DG组、FDG组、DG组），干预24h后，用^3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷（^3H-TdR）掺入6h，观察肺癌细胞DNA合成情况，检测三种药物参与肺癌细胞DNA的合成情况，比较其不同浓度时的细胞摄取率以及不同药物对肺癌细胞增殖的影响。结果^99mTc—DTPA—DG及DG均掺入肺癌细胞的增殖过程，DTPA—DG组^3H—TdR的摄取率高于DG组和FDG组（P均〈0．01），且质量浓度为0．5mg／20μl时摄取率最高。^18F—FDG随着时间延长和浓度升高，摄取率逐渐下降，可能不掺入细胞核或者产生了细胞毒性。结论^99mTc—DTPA-DG参与肿瘤细胞的增殖与代谢，可反映细胞核的活性；可作为一种分子显像剂指导恶性肿瘤的治疗。     

^18F-FDG符合线路显像在恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊断中的价值

目的探讨^18F-FDG符合线路显像在恶性胸膜间皮瘤（MPM）诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析26例病理确诊为胸膜间皮瘤患者的^18F—FDG符合线路（以下简称符合线路）显像结果。结果病理诊断为MPM22例,其中符合线路阳性20例;病理示良性问皮瘤4例,符合线路假阳性1例;符合线路诊断MPM的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为90．9％（20／22）、75．0％（3／4）、88．5％（23／26）;20例MPM中17例表现为弥漫性和（或）多结节状浓聚灶,3例表现为单个局限性胸膜浓聚灶。符合线路未能确切区分纵隔胸膜和转移的淋巴结;共发现3例远处转移灶。结论符合线路显像有利于鉴别胸膜间皮瘤的病变性质,易于发现远处转移灶。     

18F-FDG显像和CEA、CA242联合诊断结、直癌术后复发临床研究

对52例结、直肠癌术后可疑复发或转移的患者行^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）双探头符合线路显像，同时检测癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖蛋白（CA242），并与同期CT、核磁共振（MR）、B超影像进行对比。经^18F—FDG显像发现复发患者36例，1例CEA明显升高而FDG显像未见异常，经CT和MR发现复发，行手术切除为黏液癌。提示“^18F-FDG显像联合血肿瘤标志物检测能明显提高结、直肠癌复发的检出率。     

^99mTc—PMT全身显像搜寻肝细胞癌肝外转移灶

16例肝细胞性肝癌伴有肝外转移病灶的患者，用^99mTc－吡哆－5－甲基色氨酸（^99mTc-PMT）作全身显像，以观察肝外病灶的放射性浓聚。其中骨转移9例，肺转移6例，纵隔软组织转移1例。静脉注射555MBq(15mCi)^99mTc-PMT后，先按常规方法作肝为像，并在1，2，或3h后追加全身显像或避开肝胆道加摄局部处。本组16例中8例转移病灶表现为异常放射性集积，病灶分别位于胸骨柄，胸椎，股骨颈，肺及纵隔等相应部位。检测阳性率为50．0％。由于^99mTc-PMT肝显像的组织特异性高，对疑及肝细胞癌肝外转移的患者，可用本方法初筛搜寻病灶。     

甲型H1N1流感与严重急性呼吸综合征和人禽流感的异同

目的：评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）双探头符合线路断层显像（DHTC）结合血清肿瘤标志物分析对肺部肿块良恶性鉴别的应用价值，并对两种方法进行比较。方法：160例胸部X线或CT怀疑肺癌的患行FDG DHTC检查及三项肿瘤标志物－－癌胚抗原（CEA）、CYFRA21－1及神经特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）测定，两种检查间隔时间不超过2周。对肺部病变的FDG浓聚程度及特征进行分析，以局部斑块状明显浓聚灶且靶／非靶比值（T／N比）≥1．3为阳性（肺癌）；反之，肺部病变无明显放射性浓聚，或浓聚呈云片状、散在性模糊的影像且T／N比＜1．3为阴性（良性病变）。三项肿瘤标志物中有1项或1项以上超过正常值上限即为阳性（肺癌）。上述检查完成后1个月内得到病理等最终诊断结果。结果：127例患最终确诊为肺癌，另外33例为肺部良性病变。FDG DHTC对肺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为94．5％、84．8％和92．5％。血清肿瘤标志物测定对肺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为67．7％、84．8％和71．3％。卡方检验显示FDG DHTC对肺癌诊断的灵敏度和准确性均明显优于血清肿瘤标志物测定，但两的特异性一致。在7例FDG DHTC检查假阴性的肺癌患中，有4例血清肿瘤标志物测定为阳性，提示后对肺癌的诊断仍有一定的参考价值。结论：FDG DHTC检查对肺癌的诊断是一种灵敏可靠的方法。虽然血清肿瘤标志物测定对肺癌诊断的灵敏度和准确性均远低于FDG DHTC检查，但二综合分析仍有助于提高肺癌诊断的阳性率。     

符合线路18F-脱氧葡萄糖代谢显像在卵巢癌复发中的应用

目的：探讨符合线路18F-脱氧葡萄糖代谢显像（符合线路18F—FDG）在卵巢癌复发中的诊断价值。方法：对40例在核医学科接受符合线路18F-FDG显像的卵巢癌术后患者进行分析，并与CA125进行比较。结果：40例临床疑有复发的卵巢癌患者中，经临床或病理证实复发28例，24／28例符合线路18F—FDG显示阳性；22／28例血清CA125升高。符合线路18F-FDG显像，CA125监测卵巢癌复发和转移的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为85．7％、66．7％和80％；78．6%、83．3％和80％。结论：符合线路18F-FDG显像作为无创伤性检查技术，能及时探测到复发或扩散肿瘤的代谢变化，可以为卵巢癌术后随访，特别是CA125升高的患者提供一种有效的非侵入性影像学诊断方法。     

肺癌病人^99mTc-MDP骨显像病例总结

肺癌患常会发生骨转移．特别是晚期病人骨转移比率高达26％以上。发生骨转移后，病人极其痛苦，是致死的重要原因。目前临床用^99mTc-甲基二磷酸盐(^99mTc-MDP)进行全身骨显像检查是判定肿瘤骨转移的最好方法．其灵敏度超过目前其他医学检查技术。     

^18F—FDGPET显像在判断胰腺占位性质和术后随访的价值

目的 评价^18F-FDGPET显像在判断胰腺占位性质和肿瘤术后随访中的作用。方法 检查33例胰腺疾病患，以^18F-FDG显像。结果 23例胰腺占位性病变PET检查发现14例胰腺高代谢区（SUV3.1-6.8)，其中3例伴多发性肝转移，1例肝转移伴腹膜后淋巴结转移。2例CT诊断为胰腺癌合并肝转移经检查显示胰腺高代谢区，但肝脏无阳性表现；1例左肺中部稍高代谢区（SUV1.31)，诊断为良性结节，经随访证实，3例因发现其他部位转移寻找原发灶，PET见胰腺放射性浓聚影，5例胰腺癌术后PET发现1例肝脏，腹腔淋巴结转移。结论 ^18F-FDGPET显像对胰腺占位定性，鉴别诊断和术后随访具有重要的价值。     

(99m)Technetium pentavalent dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy in the follow-up of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas after radiotherapy

BACKGROUND: It is still difficult to differentiate pituitary adenoma remnants from postradiotherapy fibrosis by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially in patients with clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFA), lacking circulating markers to follow disease progression or cure. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the usefulness of scintigraphy with technetium-99m pentavalent dimercaptosuccinic acid [(99m)Tc(V)DMSA], shown previously to detect most pituitary GH- and PRL-secreting adenomas and NFA, with tumour-to-background ratios (T/B) as high as 25-fold. PATIENTS: Eighteen patients with NFA (study group), 10 patients with GH- and three patients with PRL-secreting adenomas (control group), all of whom had undergone previous surgery. DESIGN: The study was an open longitudinal design. Pituitary CT/MRI and (99m)Tc(V)DMSA scintigraphy was performed before and 1, 3 and 5 years after conventional radiotherapy. Tumour size was measured as maximal diameter of the residual lesion, while uptake of (99m)Tc(V)DMSA was measured as a T/B ratio. RESULTS: At study entry, pituitary (99m)Tc(V)DMSA uptake was found in 13 NFA (72.2%), seven GH-secreting (70%) and all PRL-secreting adenomas; remnant tumour was documented by CT/MRI in all 31 patients. Maximal remnant diameter was significantly higher in patients with positive (13.3 +/- 0.9 mm) than in those with negative scintigraphy (7.0 +/- 0.3 mm, P < 0.001). During the 5-year follow-up postradiotherapy, a significant decrease in (99m)Tc(V)DMSA uptake (9.7 +/- 0.8 vs. 3.2 +/- 0.5, P < 0.0001) occurred in all but three patients. Two NFA patients died of tumour invasion 19 and 36 months after radiotherapy and one acromegalic patient had no change in his hormone levels. In the eight negative patients (five NFA and three GH), scintigraphy remained negative throughout follow-up. A remarkable shrinkage of the remnant tumour was observed in both the patients with negative (from 7.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.9 +/- 0.6 mm, P < 0.001) and in those with positive scintigraphy (from 13.3 +/- 0.9 to 7.3 +/- 0.6 mm, P < 0.001). At the end of the study, CT/MRI showed evident remnant tumour in 13 of 16 NFA (81.2%), nine GH-secreting (90%) and all three prolactinomas (100%), while the scintigraphy was negative (T/B < 1) or faintly positive (T/B 1-2) in eight of 16 NFA (50%), five GH-secreting (50%) and one prolactinoma (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Functional imaging of pituitary remnant adenomas (> 10 mm in size) by (99m)Tc(V)DMSA depicts viable pituitary adenoma remnants. This approach may be of clinical value in patients with clinically nonfunctioning adenomas to monitor the effects of radiotherapy.     

The utility of 99mTc depreotide compared with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and surgical staging in patients with suspected non-small cell lung cancer

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The findings from conventional imaging modalities, such as chest CT, are frequently unreliable in patients with lung cancer. This study was designed to compare the relative diagnostic accuracies and utility of the two most widely used functional imaging examinations, F-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and (99m)Tc depreotide scintigraphy, for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. DESIGN: Prospective, experimental investigation. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENTS: One hundred sixty-six subjects with suspected lung cancer were enrolled in the study. INTERVENTIONS: Whole-body and single-photon emission CT imaging of the chest was performed after IV administration of (99m)Tc depreotide. Attenuation-corrected FDG PET imaging was performed after IV administration of FDG. Image findings were compared with the biopsy results or clinical follow-up. Measurements and results: In 157 subjects with evaluable lung lesions, the sensitivities and specificities for detecting malignant disease (95% confidence intervals) of FDG PET are 96% (90 to 98%) and 71% (54 to 85%), and of (99m)Tc depreotide are 94% (88 to 98%) and 51% (34 to 68%). In the 139 subjects with available complete staging data, FDG PET correctly staged 76 of 139 patients (55%), and (99m)Tc depreotide correctly staged 63 of 139 patients (45%). CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity for detection of lung cancer in the primary lesion is equally high for FDG PET and (99m)Tc depreotide. The specificity is superior for FDG PET. The staging accuracy of FDG PET and (99m)Tc depreotide is similar, but when read with the chest CT neither scintigraphic examination is sufficiently accurate to stage patients with non-small cell lung cancer.     

Focal uptake on 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography images indicates cardiac involvement of sarcoidosis.

AIMS: To evaluate the value of (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG PET) in detecting cardiac sarcoidosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-two patients with sarcoidosis and thirty controls were recruited. All subjects underwent cardiac (18)F-FDG PET after a 6 h fasting period, and subjects with sarcoidosis underwent blood testing, ECG, echocardiography, and (67)Ga and (99m)Tc-sestamibi (MIBI) scintigraphy. We classified (18)F-FDG PET images into four patterns ('none', 'diffuse', 'focal', and 'focal on diffuse') and found that all the control subjects exhibited either none (n=16) or diffuse (n=14) pattern. In contrast, fifteen subjects with sarcoidosis exhibited none, seven exhibited diffuse, eight exhibited focal, and two exhibited focal on diffuse patterns, with the prevalence of the focal and focal on diffuse patterns being significantly higher in the sarcoidosis group when compared with the control group (P<0.001). None of the 32 subjects with sarcoidosis exhibited abnormal findings on (67)Ga scintigraphy, and 4 exhibited abnormal findings on (99m)Tc-MIBI scintigraphy. CONCLUSION: Focal uptake of the heart on (18)F-FDG PET images is a characteristic feature of patients with sarcoidosis. Furthermore, (18)F-FDG PET has the potential to detect cardiac sarcoidosis that cannot be diagnosed by (67)Ga or (99m)Tc-MIBI scintigraphy.     

Prediction of functional improvement of ischemic myocardium with (123I-BMIPP SPECT and 99mTc-tetrofosmin SPECT imaging: a study of patients with large acute myocardial infarction and receiving revascularization therapy.

BACKGROUND: (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) is assumed to be the most useful method of evaluating the viability of the myocardium, but its use is limited by the need for a cyclotron. In the present study, the ability of a combination of (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin (TF) and (123)I-beta-methyliodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), a combination of (18)F-FDG PET and (123)I-BMIPP SPECT, and a combination of (18)F-FDG PET and (99m)Tc-TF SPECT were compared to predict functional improvement of ischemic myocardium after a large acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS AND RESULTS: Ten patients with large AMI were studied by (99m)Tc-TF SPECT, (123)I-BMIPP SPECT and (18)F-FDG PET within 3 weeks. Six months later, (99m)Tc-TF imaging was performed. All patients underwent successful revascularization, and had no restenosis. Regional tracer uptake was scored using a 4-point scale in 20 segments of the SPECT and PET images. When the defect score of (123)I-BMIPP SPECT exceeded the defect score of (99m)Tc-TF SPECT or (18)F-FDG PET by 1 point or more, and when the defect score of (99m)Tc-TF SPECT exceeded the defect score of (18)F-FDG PET by 1 point or more, the segment was considered to show mismatching. When the defect score was the same in 2 tracers, the segment was considered to show matching. (99m)Tc-TF imaging at 3 weeks and 6 months used quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) to score wall motion using a 6-point scale (-1= dyskinesis, 0= akinesis, 1= severe hypokinesis, 2= moderate hypokinesis, 3= mild hypokinesis, and 4= normokinesis). The sensitivity of the combination of (123)I-BMIPP and (99m)Tc-TF imaging in predicting functional improvement was 61%, that of (18)F-FDG PET and (123)I-BMIPP SPECT was 94%, and that of (18)F-FDG PET and (99m)Tc-TF SPECT was 76%. The specificity of the combination of (123)I-BMIPP and (99m)Tc-TF imaging in predicting functional improvement was 83%, that of (18)F-FDG PET and (123)I-BMIPP SPECT was 40%, and that of (18)F-FDG PET and (99m)Tc-TF SPECT was 49%. The accuracy of the combination of (123)I-BMIPP and (99m)Tc-TF imaging in predicting functional improvement was 70%, that of (18)F-FDG PET and (123)I-BMIPP SPECT was 71%, and that of (18)F-FDG PET and (99m)Tc-TF SPECT was 63%. CONCLUSION: The combination of (123)I-BMIPP and (99m)Tc-TF imaging is a practical modality for predicting the functional improvement of ischemic myocardium after a large AMI.     

A multicenter trial with a somatostatin analog (99m)Tc depreotide in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules

OBJECTIVE: The affinity of various malignant neoplasms including small cell and non-small cell lung cancer for peptide analogs of somatostatin has been well documented. Depreotide is such an analog and can be complexed with technetium-99m ((99m)Tc depreotide) for optimal imaging properties. Using this radiopharmaceutical, solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) were previously evaluated in a successful phase II/III trial. The results of the larger multicenter phase III study using (99m)Tc depreotide to differentiate malignant and benign etiologies in SPN are now presented. METHODS: Patients with SPN 30 years, and no demonstrable radiographic stability for the prior 2 years were studied. All underwent single-photon emission CT (SPECT) with (99m)Tc depreotide and subsequent tissue histologic examination. Three nuclear medicine specialists blinded to histologic findings examined the SPECT images and scored them as positive or negative based on the presence or absence of activity in the radiographic region of the SPN. The final result was determined by the majority score, which was then compared with the histologic result. RESULTS: Of the 114 individuals studied, 88 had a histologic result compatible with malignant neoplasm. (99m)Tc depreotide scintigraphy correctly identified 85 of this group, with three false-negative determinations compared with histology. There were seven false-positive determinations, including six granulomas and one hamartoma. (99m)Tc depreotide scintigraphy correctly excluded malignancy in 19 of 26 patients with benign histologic findings. The sensitivity of this method was 96.6% with a specificity of 73.1%. CONCLUSION: (99m)Tc depreotide scintigraphy is a safe and useful method for the noninvasive evaluation of SPN with a sensitivity and accuracy comparable to that reported for fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.     

18F-FDG PET and bone scintigraphy to search for bone metastasis of lung cancer

Initial staging of lung cancer is essential to determine the appropriate therapeutic strategy. 18F-FDG PET is currently considered to be the gold standard. 99mTc bisphonate bone scintigraphy has long been indicated to search for bone metastases but it is not know whether this exploration adds further information after an 18F-FDG PET scan. In order to answer this question, two observers unaware of the clinical situation reread PET scans and bone scintigraphies and results compared with other imaging findings. Between February 2001 and March 2004, 39 patients (13F, 26M, 62 +/- 11 yr) underwent 18FFDG PET and bone scintigraphy (mean interval 17 +/- 17 d). When the two explorations agreed for the diagnosis of bone extension, we considered that bone scintigraphy added nothing. When the two explorations were in disagreement, the other imaging examinations, the clinical features and laboratory results during the five-month minimal follow-up were used to establish the reference diagnosis. 18F-FDG PET and bone scintigraphy were in agreement in 29 patients (74%) with positive results in 12 (31%) and negative results in 17 (43%). The two explorations were in disagreement in 10 patients (26%). Among the five disagreement cases with positive bone scintigraphy and no bone anomaly on the 18F-FDG PET, the anomalies were benign and explained by clinical features (3 patients) or were not confirmed by the clinical course and laboratory results (2 patients). Among the 5 cases with a bone anomaly on the 18F FDG PET, no metastasis could be identified during clinical follow-up. Bone scintigraphy does not enable identification of any bone metastases which were not recognized on the PET scan and therefore should not be performed systematically. Using a computed tomography scan with the 18F-FDG PET could further limit the contribution of bone scintigraphy by providing more precision concerning foci identified on the PET scan.     

Depreotide scanning in sarcoidosis: a pilot study

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether sarcoidosis results in uptake on (99m)Tc-labeled depreotide (DP) scintigraphy and to generate preliminary data to guide the development of future trials exploring this imaging modality in sarcoidosis patients. DESIGN: Prospective cohort trial among a convenience sample of patients with sarcoidosis. SETTING: Tertiary care medical center pulmonary clinic. PATIENTS: Subjects in whom sarcoidosis has been diagnosed based on a biopsy revealing nonnecrotizing granulomas. INTERVENTIONS: Two hours after IV administration of (99m)Tc-DP, all patients underwent whole-body anterior and posterior planar imaging, followed by thoracic single-photon emission CT scanning. Images were interpreted by two nuclear medicine physicians who were blinded to the patient's clinical status. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The study cohort included 22 subjects (mean [+/- SD] age, 41.3 +/- 9.3 years; 40% female). Approximately half of the cohort had stage I disease determined by chest radiographs (CXRs). The results of (99m)Tc-DP scintigraphy were positive for sarcoidosis in 18 individuals (81.8%; 95% confidence interval, 59.7 to 94.8%). Of the four persons lacking (99m)Tc-DP uptake, all had normalized their CXRs since the time of presentation. In the entire sample, the intraclass correlation between radiographic stage determined by CXR vs that determined by (99m)Tc-DP scintigraphy was robust (kappa = 0.79; p = 0.0005). Among patients with positive (99m)Tc-DP scan findings, the correlation was stronger (kappa = 0.94; p < 0.0001). Flow rates and lung volumes were lower in patients with parenchymal activity on (99m)Tc-DP scintigraphy (mean FEV(1), 68.6 +/- 13.9% predicted vs 84.5 +/- 10.7% predicted, respectively [p = 0.012]; mean FVC, 74.0 +/- 16.0% predicted vs 88.4 +/- 12.7% predicted [p = 0.041]). (99m)Tc-DP scintigraphy correctly identified all sites of known nonpulmonary visceral involvement with sarcoidosis. CONCLUSIONS: The results of (99m)Tc-DP imaging are often positive in sarcoidosis patients, and correlate with disease stage determined by CXR and pulmonary function. (99m)Tc-DP scintigraphy does not preclude the need for biopsy if this is indicated to confirm the diagnosis of sarcoidosis or to exclude the possibility of malignancy. (99m)Tc-DP scintigraphy merits further study in the evaluation and management of sarcoidosis.     

Hepatopulmonary syndrome: a prospective study of relationships between severity of liver disease, PaO(2) response to 100% oxygen, and brain uptake after (99m)Tc MAA lung scanning

BACKGROUND: Because of the spectrum of intrapulmonary vascular dilation that characterizes hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), PaO(2) while breathing 100% oxygen varies. Abnormal extrapulmonary uptake of (99m)Tc macroaggregated albumin (MAA) after lung perfusion is common. GOAL: To describe relationships between (1) severity of liver disease measured by the Child-Pugh (CP) classification; (2) PaO(2) while breathing room air (RA) and 100% oxygen on 100% oxygen; and (3) extrapulmonary (brain) uptake of (99m)Tc MAA after lung scanning. Methods and patients: We prospectively measured PaO(2) on RA, PaO(2) on 100% oxygen, and brain uptake after lung perfusion of (99m)Tc MAA in 25 consecutive HPS patients. RESULTS: Mean PaO(2) on RA, PaO(2) on 100% oxygen, PaCO(2) on RA, and (99m)Tc MAA brain uptake were similar when categorized by CP classification. Brain uptake was abnormal (> or = 6%) in 24 patients (96%). Brain uptake was 29 +/- 20% (mean +/- SD) and correlated inversely with PaO(2) on RA (r = -0.57; p<0.05) and PaO(2) on 100% oxygen (r = -0.41; p<0.05). Seven patients (28%) had additional nonvascular pulmonary abnormalities and lower PaO(2) on 100% oxygen (215+/-133 mm Hg vs 391+/-137 mm Hg; p<0.007). Eight patients (32%) died. Mortality in patients without coexistent pulmonary abnormalities was associated with greater brain uptake of (99m)Tc MAA (48+/-18% vs 25+/-20%; p<0.04) and lower PaO(2) on RA (40+/-7 mm Hg vs 57+/-11 mm Hg; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The degree of hypoxemia associated with HPS was not related to the CP severity of liver disease. HPS patients with additional nonvascular pulmonary abnormalities exhibited lower PaO(2) on 100% oxygen. Mortality was associated with lower PaO(2) on RA, and with greater brain uptake of (99m)Tc MAA.     

氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射体层摄影术在肺癌诊断及分期中的价值

目的　探讨氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射体层摄影术(18FFDGPET)在肺癌诊断及分期中的价值。方法　94例疑诊为肺部肿瘤的患者进行了CT、18FFDGPET全身或局部检查,并对这些患者手术切除及活检的组织标本及痰液、胸腔积液的细胞标本进行了病理学检查。18FFDGPET图像分析采取单纯标准摄取值(SUV)法及目测与SUV值结合两种方法进行。SUV值法判定标准为:SUV值>25为恶性病灶,SUV值≤25为良性病灶;目测与SUV值结合法:根据病灶18FFDG摄取量与纵隔血池结构相比,并考虑SUV值、病变大小、形态及病史资料做出诊断。以病理及试验性治疗结果为确诊标准,分别计算18FFDGPET及CT在病变的定性、纵隔淋巴结转移、全身远端转移方面的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值,同时对18FFDGPETSUV值法与目测结合SUV值法的诊断效能进行比较。结果　(1)确诊情况:本组58例患者肺部病灶经组织病理学或细胞病理学检查证实为恶性;36例经病理检查或试验治疗证实为良性。(2)定性诊断:CT对肺部肿块定性诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性及阴性预测值分别为:69%、65%、68%、82%、49%;18FFDGPET单纯SUV法分别为91%、89%、90%、93%和87%,目测+SUV值法分别为95%、94%、95%、97%和92%。(3)纵隔淋巴结转移:34例病理证实有纵隔淋巴结转移     

Role of (99m)tc-hexakis-2-methoxy-isobutylisonitrile in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have shown that (99m)Tc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) is an interesting tracer for various tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using (99m)Tc-MIBI as a diagnostic and staging procedure for lung cancer. METHODS: We prospectively compared the results of biopsy with (99m)Tc-MIBI imaging in patients with potentially resectable lung lesions (stages IIIA or lower). In the patients with radiopharmaceutical uptake, the staging provided by CT was compared with that obtained with (99m)Tc-MIBI. RESULTS: Ninety-nine of the 116 patients examined had lung cancer. For the diagnosis of malignancy, the specificity of (99m)Tc-MIBI was 100%, sensitivity was 89.8%, positive predictive value was 100%, negative predictive value was 62.9%, and accuracy was 91.4%. In the 87 patients with radiopharmaceutical uptake in their lung cancer, the values for the specificity and sensitivity of (99m)Tc-MIBI in the detection of mediastinal lymph node metastases were 100% and 54.5%, respectively. The corresponding values for CT in the same patients were 87.6% and 63.3%, respectively. The difference in specificity is statistically significant (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that (99m)Tc-MIBI provides significant diagnostic and staging information in patients with lung lesions. The high specificity and positive predictive value of (99m)Tc-MIBI suggest that this radiopharmaceutical could be a very useful tool for the diagnosis of lung cancer, especially in consideration of its low costs and wide availability.