降钙素基因相关肽的血液动力学作用及其机理

静脉注射降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP），可使麻醉大鼠血压3明显下降，在注射后1min出现作用，5min最明显（平均动脉压下降15＝5％），10min后恢复，在用药后心率最快时增加9．4％，持续30min，左室收缩压峰值和左室压上升最大速率分别增加10％和15％，CGRP的降压作用不能被阿托吕阻断，且心率加快，心肌收缩性增强，预先用利血平阻断交感神经后再注射CGRP，心率无变化，平均动脉压，左室收缩压峰值，左室压上升最大速度的显著降低，且作用持续时间长，结果表明，CGRP的作用与交感神经的调控有密切关系，它的正性变力和变时的作用可能是通过交感神经释放递质引起的。     

降钙素基因相关肽对肝硬变大鼠门静脉压力的影响

降钙素基因相关肽（ｃａｌｃｉｔｏｎｉｎｇｅｎｅｒｅｌａｔｅｄｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ，ＣＧＲＰ）是强效血管舒张肽，广泛分布于神经系统和消化道．人和实验动物肝硬变时血浆ＣＧＲＰ浓度明显增高［１，２］，参与其高动力循环状态的发生．外源性ＣＧＲＰ可影响正常和实验性...     

溃疡病患者血清降钙素相关基因肽的检测

溃疡病患者血清降钙素相关基因肽的检测李健１屠柏强１刘进进１杨天时１许叔祥２方玲玲２１上海市卢湾区中心医院消化内科２上海市南洋医学放免中心２０００２０ＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓＰｅｐｔｉｃｕｌｃｅｒ／ｂｌｏｏｄＣａｄｃｉｔｏｎｉｎｇｅｎｅ＿ｒｅ...     

降钙素基因相关肽与脑血管病

降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）是人类通过分子生物学技术从甲状腺髓样癌中发现的第一个生物活性多肽^[1],它是降钙素基因表达的产生物。CGRP广泛分布于中枢、外周神经系统,以及心血管、消化、呼吸、内分泌等系统,参与机体许多功能的调节,是迄今为止体内最强烈的舒血管物质,尤其在脑血管功能调节中起着重要作用。     

降钙素基因相关肽的抗室颤作用

作者用电脉冲刺激家兔心脏引致室颤发生，在麻醉兔心肌缺血再灌注模型上观察降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）对正常及心肌缺血再灌注后室颤时间的影响。结果显示，高于室颤阈的电脉冲刺激可致家兔心脏发生室颤，继而自行恢复为正常心律。静注ＣＧＲＰ（．５μｇ／ｋ）后，血压和心率无明显的变化，室颤时间明显缩短（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结扎冠脉后，室颤时间延长（Ｐ〈０．０１）；松扎后再灌注期可见室颤时间恢复到明显低于正常水平。结     

降钙素基因相关肽与冠心病

降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)是目前作用最强的血管扩张剂 ,其参与许多心血管功能的调节 ,对于冠心病的发生、发展及其防治有十分重要的意义。1　 CGRP的合成、释放和代谢CGRP与降钙素来自同一基因 ,由 37个氨基酸组成。在甲状腺转录表达成降钙素 ,在心脏及神经系统主要转录表达成 CGRP。人类 CGRP有 α、β两种形式 ,两者有 3个氨基酸残基不同 ,但其生理功能、药理作用相同。CGRP由对辣椒素敏感的感觉神经 C纤维合成释放 ,能刺激 CGRP释放的因素主要有辣椒素、H 、PGI2 〔1〕、哇巴因、缓激肽、缺血再灌注等。体外实验表明 ,CG…     

降钙素基因相关肽与偏头痛的关系

偏头痛是常见的原发性头痛,其发病机制目前尚未完全清楚,降钙素基因相关肽(Calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)作为体内最强的血管舒张肽,在偏头痛发病中的重要作用已经得到许多研究结果的证实。本文对CGRP在偏头痛病理生理学中的作用及治疗进行综述。     

降钙素基因相关肽与心律失常

降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）是一种内源性生物活性多肽，对心血管系统的活动具有十分重要的调节作用，本文作者讨论ＣＧＲＰ与心律失常的关系，抗心律失常作用的可能离子机制     

降钙素基因相关肽与脑血管病

降钙素基因相关肽是舒血管活性肽之一,在中枢神经系统尤其是脑血管中含量丰富。动物和人体实验均显示其强大的扩血管作用,对治疗各种缺血性脑血管病可能具有潜在价值。     

Intracerebroventricular administration of human calcitonin and human calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in the dog

This study was designed to assess the central nervous system actions of human calcitonin (hCalc) and human calcitonin gene-related peptide (hCGRP) on meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in awake beagle dogs. hCalc (0.1–1.0 nmol/kg) and hCGRP (0.01–1.0 nmol/kg) injected into the third cerebral ventricle significantly inhibited gastric acid secretion stimulated by an 8% peptone meal. hCGRP was ten times more potent than hCalc in inhibiting gastric secretion. Neither hCalc nor hCGRP significantly altered plasma gastrin concentrations compared to control values. Truncal vagotomy did not prevent the gastric inhibitory actions of hCalc and hCGRP. Ganglionic blockade with chlorisondamine completely abolished the gastric inhibitory action of hCalc but had no effect on gastric acid inhibition induced by hCGRP. The results of this study indicate that intracerebroventricular administration of hCalc and hCGRP inhibits meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in awake dogs. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by hCalc and hCGRP in the dog is not mediated by inhibition of gastrin release or by the vagus nerves. Human Calc but not human CGRP appears to inhibit meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in the dog by activation of the autonomic (sympathetic) nervous system.     

Serotonin,calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in acute pancreatitis

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate plasma levels of serotonin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the course of acute pancreatitis (AP) taking organ failure, etiology and severity into consideration.

Material and methods: Sixty consecutive patients with alcohol- or gallstone-induced AP were included over a 15-month period. Patients were treated according to a standardized algorithm and monitored for organ specific morbidity and mortality. Organ functions and blood samples were assessed on days 0, 1, 2 and 14 after hospital admission. Twenty healthy volunteers, matched for age and gender, comprised the reference group.

Results: Lower levels of serotonin were observed in patients at admission compared to healthy volunteers (p?=?.021). Serotonin levels increased from day 2 to 14 (p?<?.001), but with no relation to severity, etiology or organ failure. No difference in calcitonin levels was found in patients at admission compared to healthy volunteers. However, calcitonin levels decreased over time (p?<?.001) and higher levels were found in patients with respiratory failure (p?=?.039). No difference was observed in relation to severity or etiology. CGRP levels in patients at admission did not differ from healthy volunteers, nor did CGRP change over time or show any relationship to severity, etiology or organ failure.

Conclusion: Our data suggest serotonin and calcitonin levels to be associated to time-course of AP, and calcitonin levels to organ dysfunction. We hypothesize that serotonin plays a pathogenic role in the compromised pancreatic microcirculation, and calcitonin a role as a biomarker of severity in AP.     

老年非杓型高血压病患者内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽含量变化及氨氯地平对其影响

探讨老年非杓型高血压病(EH)患者内皮素(ET)和降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)含量变化及氨氯地平对其影响。方法观察氨氯地平治疗老年非杓型EH患者疗效及其治疗前后ET和CgRP含量变化。结果老年非杓型EH患者血浆ET水平明显高于老年杓型EH患者,而CGRP则明显降低;氨氯地平使老年非杓型EH患者白昼及夜间血压下降,治疗后老年非杓型EH患者血浆ET水平降低,而CGRP明显升高。结论ET及CGRP参与了老年非杓型EH的病理过程,氨氯地平是一种治疗老年非杓型EH患者有效药物,能纠正老年非杓型EH患者ET与CGRP之间的失衡。     

The effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide on healing of intestinal anastomosis in rats with experimental obstructive jaundice

Purpose

Intestinal anastomotic healing is a complex procedure in which several mediators and cytokines play roles. Calcitonin gene-related peptide is an important neuropeptide in inflammation. In this study we aimed to investigate the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide on healing of intestinal anastomosis in rats with obstructive jaundice.

Materials and methods

Obstructive jaundice was induced in rats by the ligation and division of the common bile duct. Four days after the operation, intestinal anastomosis was performed, and either calcitonin gene-related peptide or 0.9% NaCl was administered intraperitoneally to these jaundiced rats and controls. The concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and triglyceride levels of all rats were measured, and healing of the anastomosis was evaluated by measuring the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content on the 7th postoperative day.

Results

Calcitonin gene-related peptide was found to have positive effects on healing of the anastomosis by inhibiting the effects of TNF-α and increasing the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content of the anastomosis.

Conclusion

Calcitonin gene-related peptide increases anastomotic wound healing in experimental anastomosis in the presence of obstructive jaundice in rats.     

高原急性重症脑功能损伤血浆肾上腺髓质素和降钙素基因相关肽测定及意义

目的研究高原急性重症脑功能损伤患者血浆肾上腺髓质素(ADM)和降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的变化并探讨其作用及临床意义。方法测定35例高原急性重症脑功能损伤患者(脑功能损伤组)发病第12、、3天血浆ADM、CGRP水平,同时测定20例高原健康体检者(高原对照组)、20例平原健康体检者(平原对照组)血浆ADM、CGRP水平。结果脑功能损伤组患者血浆ADM、CGRP发病3天内的水平均高于高原对照组及平原对照组(P<0.05),而发病3天之间患者的ADM、CGRP水平无明显差异(P>0.05);高原对照组血浆ADM、CGRP均高于平原对照组(P<0.05)。脑功能损伤组血浆ADM与CGRP之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),大脑中动脉收缩期流速(SV)与发病第1天血浆ADM、CGRP呈负相关(P<0.05)。死亡病例发病第1天血浆ADM、CGRP均高于非死亡病例(P<0.05)。结论ADM和CGRP参与了急性重症脑功能损伤的发生发展过程,对损伤时脑组织起代偿性保护作用;血浆ADM、CGRP值亦可间接反映脑损伤程度。     

CGRP在大鼠胃痛觉过敏形成机制中的作用

目的:探索降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)相关的干预措施对胃痛觉过敏的影响,了解CGRP在胃痛觉过敏形成过程中发挥的作用．方法:成年SD古大鼠,均植入胃内气囊．观察伤害性扩张或CGRP iv对大鼠疼痛阈值的影响:观察由上述措施诱发内脏过敏的大鼠在给予CGRP受体特异性拮抗剂hCGRP8-37后疼痛阈值的变化:观察不同剂量CGRP和hCGRP8-37对疼痛阈值的影响．结果:CGRP iv后胃疼痛阈值为11．7±2．6 mmHg,对照组疼痛阈值为19．2±2．0 mmHg,生理盐水对照组则为18．3±2．5 mmHg,实验组与其他两组比较尸均<0．05．CGRP使大鼠的疼痛阈值降低．hCGRP8-37能逆转伤害性扩张和CGRP引起的内脏敏感性增高,该作用呈剂量依赖性(r=0．821,P<0．01)．结论:胃扩张刺激能引起胃敏感性增高,在此过程中CGRP具有重要的作用．     

Recent advances in targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide for the treatment of menstrual migraine: A narrative review

Menstrual migraine (MM) has a longer duration and higher drug resistance than non-perimenstrual migraine. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and CGRP receptors are expressed in the peripheral and central nervous systems throughout the trigeminovascular system. The CGRP/CGRP receptor axis plays an important role in sensory physiology and pharmacology. CGRP receptor antagonists and anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown consistent efficacy and tolerability in the prevention of chronic or episodic migraine and are now approved for clinical use. However, few studies have reported the use of these drugs in MM, and no specific treatment for MM has been approved. This review aimed to shed light on the recent advances in targeting calcitonin gene-related peptides for the treatment of menstrual migraines in PubMed. In this review, we first discuss the axis of the CGRP/CGRP receptor. We then discuss the role of CGRP receptor antagonists and anti-CGRP mAbs in MM treatment. Finally, we discuss the role of the combination of anti-CGRP mAbs and CGRP receptor antagonists in migraine treatment and the drugs that inhibit CGRP release. Altogether, the anti-CGRP mAbs or CGRP receptor antagonists showed good efficacy and safety in the treatment of MM.     

降钙素基因相关肽对犬冠脉流量及冠状动脉的作用

本研究通过整体及离体灌流实验观察到重庆冠脉狭窄时，犬冠脉流量（ＣＢＦ），平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）明显减小，而心率（ＨＲ）则增加。狭窄３０ｍｉｎ后由冠状动脉注射降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）０．３μｇ／ｋｇ后，ＣＢＦ、ＭＡＰ和ＨＲ可恢复正常水平。同时，缺血犬的离体冠状动脉对ＣＧＲＰ的反应也出现改变。大冠脉舒张反应明显降低，而小冠脉的舒张反应与正常相比，无明显改变，这可能与缺血后大冠脉的内皮细胞容易损伤有关。同时也提示:急性心肌缺血时，冠脉流量的减少，主要由于小冠状动脉收缩所致。     

降钙素基因相关肽和内皮素在充血性心力衰竭中的作用

采用同位素放射免疫法同时检测30例充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的血浆降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）和内皮素（ET）浓度，求出ET／CGRP比值，并与30例健康人对照，结果显示CHF患者血浆CGRP和ET浓度以及ET／CGRP比值较对照组明显增高（P＜0．05和P＜0．01）。提示在CHF时血浆CGRP和ET浓度均增高，且失去ET和CGRP的正常平衡，这对CHF的防治可能具有重要意义。