基于非线性状态空间模型的情感模型研究

如何赋予机器情感智力以实现和谐自然的人机交互是人工情感研究的核心内容,其中情感建模是研究重点和难点.基于心理学的基本情绪论和人格特质论提出了一种非线性情感模型.在模型中首先定义了情绪空间、心境空间和个性空间,确定了心境、个性对情绪的影响关系矩阵;其次采用非线性系统的状态空间模型来模拟人类情感状态的变化;最后对模型进行了仿真,仿真结果表明该模型体现了人类情绪的非线性特点,符合人类情感变化规律.     

基于动态Q学习算法的情感自动机模型研究

让计算机具有认知和表达自己情感的能力,培养其智能地时人类的情感做出反应是现阶段信息科学研究的热点内容.本文构建了基于动态Q学习算法的情感自动机模型,在该模型中,定义了情感元的概念,情感元应用动态Q学习算法来预测并感知环境的变化,从而改变自身情感来适应周围环境.     

228例情感性障碍性格分析

自克雷丕林(1896)首次提出躁郁性精神病的名词至今已有近二个世纪,国内外学者对其病因的探讨多集中于遗传学.代谢和内分泌,电解质、电生理和中枢神经介质等方面,而有关情感性障碍与性格特殊的关系则阐述较少,作者总结了228例住院的情感性障碍病人的性格特征,报告如下。     

离子通道记忆的二状态随机模型(英文)

目的:定量研究存在于通道中的记忆并提供有关统计方法以应用于生物医学研究。方法:利用随机过程分别建立短期和长期两类记忆的模型,坚持两状态而不是多状态,只是转移机制不同。结果:恒定转移强度的二状态马氏过程较好地拟合短期记忆的情形,处于一类随机环境中的二状态马氏过程较好地拟合长期记忆的情形;提出了参数估计的方法并以PC12细胞通道作为示例。结论:离子通道中的记忆可以用仅含两个状态的随机过程定量地建立模型。     

情感可以计算——情感计算综述

情感计算是自然和谐人机交互技术的一个重要组成部分.本文综述了情感计算的背景、研究基础和核心技术,并对未来的发展进行了展望.     

创建情感氛围 提高教学效果

目的:探讨创建情感氛围对教学的影响. 方法:从教师的敬业精神、对学生的关爱、语言艺术、仪表与教态等方面进行阐述. 结果:提高教学效果.结论:教学过程中将教材的创作情感、教师的教学情感和学生的学习情感三者沟通、融会,形成一个有机的整体,使教学场景呈现出强烈的情感共鸣状态.启迪学生的想象力,创造力,增进学习积极性、主动性,促进思维发展,提高教学效果.     

基于BPSO的四种生理信号的情感状态识别

通过生理信号来识别人的情感状态越来越引起人们的关注.如何提取有效的生理信号特征进行情感状态的分类,是情感识别的关键.本文采用离散二进制粒子群优化算法(BPS0)进行特征选择,以提高情感状态分类的效果.通过四种生理信号来识别四种情感状态,用最近邻法进行分类,总体识别率达到85%.仿真实验结果表明,将BPSO方法用于生理信号的特征选择是可行的.     

离子通道记忆的二状态随机模型

定量研究存在于通道中的记忆并提供有关统计方法以应用于生物医学研究。利用随机过程分别建立短期和长期两类记忆的模型，坚持两状态而不是多状态，只是转移机制不同。     

浅谈情感教育在中专医护英语教学中的应用

情感教育是建立在"以人为本"基础上的教育过程,是实现以学为主教育思想的重要途径.中专医护英语教学具有内容多、词汇量大、难度高等特点,学生学习困难重重,这就要求教师在教学过程中,不能只靠灌输,更应利用情感因素,通过唤醒,激发,升华,让学生对课程产生兴趣,顺利完成学习任务.     

苯二氮卓类药物在情感精神病中的合理应用分析

目的调查分析苯二氮卓类药物(BZD)在情感精神病的应用情况，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对住院情感精神病人逐个统计使用BZD的时间、种类、原因，并统计符合药物依赖与成瘾标准的病例，结果应用，分析作统计处理。结果在情感精神病的治疗中，其抑郁状态较狂躁状态更多的使用BZD；连续使用超过1个月者，其抑郁状态明显高于躁狂状态，产生药物依赖其抑郁状态也高于躁狂状态，两者比较差异显著。在长期使用BZD中其睡眠障碍是使用该类药物的主要原因。结论为有效防止BZD在治疗情感精神病中产生成瘾性及依赖性，应尽力避免长期大量及多种类药物应用。对其睡眠障碍的治疗应对其原发病充分的治疗。     

Affective disorders and biological rhythms

Disruptions of circadian rhythms are described in affective disorders, including unipolar and bipolar disorder, but also seasonal affective disorder. Sleep-wake and hormone circadian rhythms are among the most quoted examples. Depression could be conceptualized as a desynchronization between the endogenous circadian pacemaker and the exogenous stimuli, such as sunlight and social rhythms. Accordingly, Clock genes have been studied and the literature suggests that variants in these genes confer a higher risk of relapse, more sleep disturbances associated with depression, as well as incomplete treatment response. Most of therapeutic interventions in depression have an impact on biological rhythms. Some of them exclusively act via a biological pathway, such as sleep deprivation or light therapy. Some psychosocial interventions are specifically focusing on social rhythms, particularly in bipolar disorder, in which the promotion of stabilization is emphasized. Finally, all antidepressant medications could improve biological rhythms, but some new agents are now totally focusing this novel approach for the treatment of depression.     

Affective correlates of alcohol and cocaine use

The affective correlates of alcohol and cocaine use were investigated in two studies. In the first, alcoholics (n = 50) and cocaine addicts (n = 40) were administered factor scales from the Inventory of Drinking Situations as well as the General Temperament Survey. Substance use in negative affect states was reported more often by alcoholics than by cocaine addicts, even when age and race differences were statistically controlled. Alcoholics also reported higher levels of negative temperament, and substance use in negative affect states was correlated with negative temperament across groups. In a study using subjects dependent on both drugs (n = 21), alcohol was more likely to be used in negative affect situations than was cocaine. Thus, the affective correlates of substance use are associated with both individual differences and drug-specific effects. Possible reasons for the differential association of alcohol with negative affect are proposed.     

影响颅脑外伤预后的相关因素分析

目的分析与总结影响颅脑外伤预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析54例脑外伤患者,除外年龄与脑损伤程度因素,对伤后肺部感染、血钠水平、早期康复训练三项指标与预后的相关性进行分析。结果 54例中有35例发生肺部感染,其中有14例(40%)预后良好,21例(60%)预后不良,两者有明显差异(P<0.05),19例未发生肺部感染的患者中73.68%预后良好;血钠水平异常者15例,80%预后不良,正常者39例,预后良好的64.1%,具有显著差异(P<0.01)。在40例进行了康复锻炼的患者中77.5%的患者预后良好,未进行康复锻炼的14例患者中预后良好的仅仅42.86%,均具显著差异。结论颅脑外伤患者在肺部感染、血钠水平异常时预后不良均显著升高,早期的康复锻炼能提高患者的预后良好率,因此有效控制肺部感染、维持正常血钠水平以及早期进行康复训练均能一定程度上降低致残率,提高预后良好率。     

微笑线的影响因素和临床意义

目的探讨影响三类微笑的颅、颌、面、牙-牙槽的形态及相互位置关系。为正畸、正颌外科、修复的临床动态检查、诊断、制定治疗计划、预测和评价治疗效果提供新的定量参考依据。方法以80名17～25岁普通颜貌、个别正常牙合大学生(男40名、女40名)为研究对象,采用X线头影测量、正位定位摄影等方法对松弛唇位时口唇部作测量分析,并在此基础上对影响最大开唇微笑的口唇部软硬组织进行计算机辅助方差分析。结果在三类微笑中腭平面角、上下牙-牙槽高度、上中切牙临床牙冠高度、上唇长度、唇间隙、上中切牙显露量、上唇红唇垂直向厚度以及口角宽度在统计学上差异有显著意义,而其它测量指标差异均无显著意义。结论在正畸、正颌外科及修复临床中应检查患者治疗前的微笑类型,分析上述测量指标对治疗结果的影响程度,以确定合理的治疗计划。     

Cognitive and Affective Processes Associated with Social Biases

BackgroundOur social activities are quite often erroneous and irrational, based on biased judgements and decision-making, known as social biases. However, the cognitive and affective processes that produce such biases remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated associations between social schemas, such as social judgment and conformity, entailing social biases and psychological measurements relevant to cognitive and affective functions.MethodThis study recruited 42 healthy adult subjects. A psychological test and a questionnaire were administered to assess biased social judgements by superficial attributes and social conformity by adherence to social norms, respectively, along with additional questionnaires and psychological tests for cognitive and affective measurements, including negative affects, autistic traits, and Theory of Mind (ToM). Associations of social judgment and conformity with cognitive and affective functions were examined using a multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling.ResultsAnxiety and the cognitive realm of ToM were mutually associated with both social judgments and conformity, although social judgements and conformity were still independent processes. Social judgements were also associated with autistic traits and the affective realm of ToM, whereas social conformity was associated with negative affects other than anxiety and an intuitive decision-making style.ConclusionsThese results suggest that ToM and negative affects may play important roles in social judgements and conformity, and the social biases connoted in these social schemas.     

Affective psychosis following Accutane (isotretinoin) treatment

Isotretinoin (Accutane) ranks in the top 10 of the US Food and Drug Administration's database of drugs associated with reports of depression and suicide attempts. However, this association is still controversial because up to 5.6% of patients with moderate acne may have pre-existing suicidal ideations, improvement of acne often reduces associated depression, and isotretinoin users are reportedly no more likely than those taking antibiotics for acne to have depression or commit suicide. We describe a series of cases of manic psychosis that developed in a 1-year period (2003) in association with isotretinoin treatment and resulted in suicidality and progression to long-standing psychosis. Cases were drawn from 500 soldiers who had been evaluated in a military specialists dermatology clinic for severe acne. Data were summarized from medical records of five severe acne patients treated by isotretinion during their compulsory military service. Data from their draft board examinations and service records, as well as repeated clinical assessments by certified psychiatrists at the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Mental Health Department clinic, were evaluated. Five young adults developed manic psychosis within a mean of 7.6 months of exposure to isotretinoin. In three cases, this was accompanied by a suicide attempt, and in three cases, psychosis lasted for longer than 6 months. Either a personal history of obsessive-compulsive disorder, neurological insult or family history of a major psychiatric illness were present in all cases. The present case-series is suggestive of an increase in the likelihood of an association between exposure to isotretinion and manic psychosis. Associated risk factors were both family and personal history of psychiatric morbidity. Further studies are needed to establish our findings.