非发酵菌的耐药性分析和抗菌药物治疗

目的分析我院非发酵菌耐药性情况,探讨抗菌药物治疗对策。方法对2010年1月～2011年12月我院分离出的非发酵菌耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果共检出非发酵菌227株,以铜绿假单胞菌(122株)、不动杆菌(65株)和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(17株)为主。铜绿假单胞菌对复方磺胺甲噁唑和氨苄西林高度耐药,对其它抗菌药物保持中度或低度耐药。不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦等敏感,对其它抗菌药物的耐药率较高。嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对碳青霉烯类天然耐药,对复方磺胺甲噁唑和环丙沙星等敏感。结论非发酵菌是基层医院感染的重要致病菌,其分布范围广且耐药率高,临床抗菌药物治疗应根据药敏试验结果选择合理的抗菌药物。     

老年下呼吸道感染患者病原菌种类与药敏分析

目的了解老年下呼吸道感染患者痰培养阳性标本的病原菌种类和耐药性情况。方法回顾性分析2006年1月1日~2009年6月30日医院老年内科及呼吸内科住院的65岁下呼吸道感染患者449份痰培养阳性标本的病原菌种类和药敏结果。结果临床分离病原菌690株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占56.2%,革兰阳性球菌占26.3%,真菌占17.5%;下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌前10位依次为:金黄色葡萄球菌(14.9%),白色假丝酵母菌(13.9%),铜绿假单胞菌(13.0%),鲍氏不动杆菌(10.9%),肺炎克雷伯菌(8.3%),大肠埃希菌(6.4%),阴沟肠杆菌(4.3%),溶血葡萄球菌(3.2%),嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(3.2%)及副流感嗜血菌(2.3%);耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)比例高,占68.0%;未发现耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌;铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌对多种抗菌药物耐药;肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦等敏感性仍较高。结论老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,耐药菌株比例高,同时应注意真菌感染,治疗中应根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。     

头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对革兰阴性菌的抗菌活性

目的评价头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对革兰阴性菌的抗菌活性,并与其他抗菌药物比较。方法收集临床分离到的革兰阴性菌,采用琼脂扩散法进行试验,测定1 670株革兰阴性菌对10种临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性,按NCCLS2002年版标准判读结果。结果头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对临床常见的肠杆菌科细菌如大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌的抗菌作用仅次于亚胺培南,对临床常见的非发酵菌如铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌属的抗菌作用与亚胺培南相当,对亚胺培南天然耐药的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌等则保持很高的敏感性。结论头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对革兰阴性菌的抗菌谱较广,抗菌作用也较好,在院内中、重度革兰阴性菌感染的治疗中有良好的应用前景。     

Synthesis, stereochemistry and antimicrobial evaluation of some N-morpholinoacetyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-ones

In a search for new leads towards potent antimicrobial agents, an array of novel N-morpholinoacetyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-ones has been synthesized and their in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were evaluated. Structure and stereochemistry of all the N-morpholinoacetyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-ones have been analyzed using (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic techniques. In all the cases, amide N-CO group is preferentially in coplanar orientation with respect to the dynamically averaged plane of the piperidone ring. Further, all the symmetrically substituted compounds 19, 23, 24, 26 and 27 are expected to adopt half boat conformations while other compounds 20-22 and 25 adopt twist-boat conformations. Structure-activity relationship results for these nine compounds have shown that compounds 26 and 27 exerted excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacterial strains used except 27 against S. aureus. Against C. albicans and A. flavus, compound 24 recorded excellent antifungal activities while against Rhizopus sp., compound 25 showed potent activities. The obtained results may be used as key step for the building of novel chemical compounds with interesting antimicrobial profiles comparable to that of the standard drugs.     

革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南耐药性的变迁

目的 调查近3年医院革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率.方法 收集2008年7月-2010年12月住院及门诊患者各种标本中分离的革兰阴性杆菌,使用MicroScan-WalkWay40全自动微生物分析仪进行菌种鉴定及药敏试验,对结果进行回顾性分析.结果 3年来分离到的革兰阴性杆菌排前5位的依次为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌和阴沟肠杆菌,共分离出革兰阴性杆菌4083株,肠杆菌科细菌2104株占51.5％,非发酵菌1880株占46.0％,其他99株占2.5％;3年来肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南耐药率,阴沟肠杆菌为9.5％、5.4％、8.3％,肺炎克雷伯菌为4.2％、8.8％、6.2％,大肠埃希菌为0、0.6％、1.3％;非发酵菌中(嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌除外)鲍氏不动杆菌为58.0％、48.5％、68.8％,铜绿假单胞菌为23.1％、15.3％、11.9％,鲁氏不动杆菌为23.8％、5.9％、3.6％.结论 临床分离的革兰阴性杆菌主要为肠杆菌科细菌和非发酵菌;肠杆菌科细菌以肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌和阴沟肠杆菌为主,非发酵菌以铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌为主;肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南耐药率较高,大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南耐药率呈上升趋势,应引起重视;鲍氏不动杆菌等非发酵菌对亚胺培 南的体外抗菌活性较差,但耐药率有下降趋势.     

Distribution of Class 1–3 Integrons in Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Inpatients in Shiraz,South of Iran

BackgroundHealth-care-associated infection (HAI) is effect on patients for the time of staying in the hospital. Opportunistic pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most dangerous biological agents in nosocomial infections. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of 3 classes of integrons carrying to carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa strains collected from Nemazee hospital.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from Nemazee hospital. The identification of the isolates was performed by routine biochemical tests. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was determined using the disk diffusion method against imipenem and meropenem. The int1, int2 and int3 genes were detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsSeventy-five clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered from various clinical infections. A carbapenem-resistant phenotype was detected in 42.7% (imipenem) and 29.3% (meropenem) of isolates. As the PCR results, 48 (64%) and 15 (20%) isolates were identified as being positive for class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. Class 3 integrons were not found among the studied isolates.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate the importance of class 1 and 2 integrons in carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains. Therefore, integrons play an important role in acquisition and dissemination of carbapenem resistance genes among these pathogens, so, management of infection control policies and the appropriate use of antibiotics is essential for control the spreading of antibiotics resistance genes.     

2008-2010年临床分离病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 分析医院2008-2010年的细菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,运用x2检验对医院2008年1月-2010年12月门诊住院患者各类标本中分离的病原菌进行统计和耐药分析.结果 肠杆菌科前3位为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、产酸克雷伯菌,对亚胺培南耐药率最低;3年产超广谱β-内酰胺酶( ESBLs)大肠埃希菌检出率分别为56.4％、60.2％、62.3％,产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌分别为55.2％、52.7％、50.1％;非发酵菌前3位为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌,鲍氏不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌对多黏菌素的耐药率最低,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶耐药率最低;革兰阳性球菌前3位是金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌,对万古霉素和氯霉素耐药率最低,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的分离率3年分别为35.2％、37.1％和29.1％.结论 碳青霉烯类仍然是肠杆菌科细菌活性最高的药物;万古霉素、氯霉素对革兰阳性球菌始终保持高活性;非发酵菌耐药率较高,需关注多药耐药菌的出现;产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌分离率逐年增加,值得关注.     

Synthesis and study of antibacterial and antifungal activities of novel 8-methyl-7,9-diaryl-1,2,4,8-tetraazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-thiones

Some novel spiropiperidinyl-1,2,4-triazolidin-3-thiones have been synthesized and studied for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Candida-6, Candida-51, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. Compounds 30-32 exhibited potent in vitro antibacterial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa whereas the same set of compounds exerted potent in vitro antifungal activity against Candida-6, A. niger and A. flavus.     

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biological studies of novel cyano derivatives of N-alkyl and N-aryl piperazine

Cyano derivatives of N-alkyl and N-aryl piperazine have been synthesized and screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. All the synthesized compounds showed the antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MTCCB 737), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCCB 741), Streptomyces epidermidis (MTCCB 1824) and Escherichia coli (MTCCB 1652) and antifungal activity against pathogenic strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (ITCC 4517), Aspergillus flavus (ITCC 5192) and Aspergillus niger (ITCC 5405). All compounds showed mild to moderate antimicrobial activity. However, compounds 3c, 4a and 6 showed potent antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains used in the study. Compounds 3a, 3b, 4b, and 4d showed mild to moderate antifungal activity against Aspergillus pathogenic strains. The compounds reported in this study were assessed for there cytotoxicity using MTT colorimetric assay on Hela cells. All the compounds showed cell viability more than the control drug gentamicin, with compound 2 having highest i.e. 95% cell viability.     

重症监护病房细菌分布与变迁分析

目的回顾性研究重症监护病房(ICU)患者常见细菌分布及变迁,为合理使用抗菌药物、有效控制感染提供依据。方法分析2002年1月~2005年8月ICU患者分离所得413株细菌,总结细菌种类分布。结果413株细菌主要为铜绿假单胞菌87株、鲍氏不动杆菌48株、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌34株、表皮葡萄球菌30株、金黄色葡萄球菌20株、大肠埃希菌19株;其中常见细菌依次为铜绿假单胞菌(21·07%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(11·62%)和嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(8·23%)。结论重症监护病房感染源主要为革兰阴性菌,但嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌逐渐增多,应监测细菌变迁动态,合理使用抗菌药物。     

Synthesis and in vitro microbiological evaluation of imidazo(4,5-b)pyridinylethoxypiperidones

A series of imidazo(4,5-b)pyridinylethoxypiperidones was designed, synthesized and characterized for evaluation of potential antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity against Candida albicans-6, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans-51 and Aspergillus flavus. Structure-activity relationship led to the conclusion that compound 39 exerted strong in vitro antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus whereas compounds 38 and 39 displayed promising antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. The interesting antimicrobial profile of compound 39 led us to select this derivative for further development.     

Synthesis, characterization and structure-activity relationship analysis of novel depsides as potential antibacterials

Twenty-six depsides were synthesized to screen for their antibacterial activity. All of them were reported for the first time. Their chemical structures were clearly determined by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, ESI mass spectra and elemental analyses, coupled with one selected single-crystal structure. All the compounds were assayed for antibacterial activities against three gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 9790) and three gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 13525 and Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 13047) by MTT method. Compound 2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)phenyl 3-nitrobenzoate (C10) and 2-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)phenyl 3-nitrobenzoate (C23) showed powerful antibacterial activities against B. subtilis with MIC of 0.78 microg/mL while compound 2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)phenyl 2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)acetate (C8) and 2-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)phenyl 2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)acetate (C21) exhibited significant antibacterial activities against E. coli with MIC of 1.562 microg/mL, which were superior to the positive controls penicillin G and kanamycin B, respectively. On the basis of the biological results, structure-activity relationships were discussed.     

铜绿假单胞菌耐药表型与基因型相关性研究

目的 分析铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)对不同抗菌药物的耐药性及其耐药基因的流行状况,探讨不同种类抗菌药物的耐药表型与基因型的相关性.方法 采用琼脂稀释法测定14种抗菌药物对40株铜绿假单胞菌的MIC,同时采用PCR方法检测16种耐药基因.结果 铜绿假单胞菌对氨曲南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率＜30.0％;对碳青霉烯类耐药率＞50.0％,对氨基糖苷类抗菌药物耐药率约40.0％,对环丙沙星耐药率为95.0％,喹诺酮类抗菌药左氧氟沙星与环丙沙星耐药率相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);40株PAE耐药编码基因Tem、OXA-2、Ant(2')-Ⅰ、oprD2、IPM、Ant(3")-Ⅰ、CTX-M-1、Aac(3)-Ⅱ、OXA-10、CTX-M-9、VIM的检出率分别为:15.0％、10.0％、42.5％、7.5％、7.5％、15.0％、2.5％、7.5％、7.5％、7.5％、12.5％,其余耐药基因(SHV、DHA、Aac(6')-Ⅱ、Aac(6')-Ⅰ、VIM-2)未检出;亚胺培南/西司他丁耐药株与敏感株的金属酶编码基因IPM的检出率,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),其余金属酶编码基因的检出率差异无统计学意义.结论 铜绿假单胞菌对多种抗菌药物耐药率高,耐药机制复杂多样,对氨基糖苷类抗菌药物的耐药机制,主要与其携带氨基糖苷类修饰酶编码基因有关,对亚胺培南/西司他丁耐药的主要原因是产生金属酶IPM、oprD2缺失与铜绿假单胞菌多药耐药有一定的相关性.     

临床常见非发酵革兰阴性杆菌耐药性分析

目的监测临床常见非发酵病原菌的分布及耐药性的现状,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法临床标本按常规分离培养,用美国DADE BEHRING MicroScan分析系统鉴定菌种,药敏试验数据采用K-B纸片法,按NCCLS规定的标准进行。结果从2005年2月-2006年8月共获得273株非发酵革兰阴性杆菌,其中列前3位的非发酵革兰阴性杆菌205株(占75.0%),分别是铜绿假单胞菌(43.2%),鲍氏不动杆菌(16.4%),嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(15.3%),主要来源于痰、分泌物及中段尿;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟的耐药率分别<13.6%、11.1%、25.4%;对阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的耐药率在31.1%~37.8%;对三代头孢耐药率分别在35.6%~53.3%;嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌是非发酵革兰阴性杆菌中耐药率最高的菌株,其对亚胺培南天然耐药,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、左氧氟沙星及复方新诺明的耐药率较低,均<14.3%。结论非发酵革兰阴性杆菌是临床感染的主要病原菌之一,特别是铜绿假单胞菌,鲍氏不动杆菌,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌,其耐药性差异有统计学意义。     

2010年医院感染主要革兰阴性杆菌的分布及耐药性特点

目的 探讨从医院感染患者中分离的革兰阴性杆菌分布及耐药性,为治疗医院感染患者提供依据.方法 收集2010年285例住院患者医院感染革兰阴性杆菌的相关资料进行回顾性分析.结果 共检出革兰阴性杆菌305株,主要为铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌和阴沟肠杆菌;肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率为1.4％和2.0％;铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南的耐药率为34.0％、32.1％;鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南的耐药率为28.9％和31.1％.结论 亚胺培南和美罗培南对肠杆菌科仍保持高活性,但鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性已增加,应予以重视.     

Mohnarin2010年度报告:非ICU住院患者细菌耐药性监测

目的 了解2010年全国非ICU住院患者中临床分离细菌的分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性.方法 采用纸片法、MIC法或E-test法测定细菌对抗菌药物的敏感性,依据CLSI 2010年标准,使用WHONET5.4软件对卫生部全国细菌耐药性监测网(Mohnarin)所属59所三级甲等医院2010年1月1日-12月31日上报数据中非ICU住院患者分离的菌株进行分析.结果 非ICU住院患者中共分离到细菌47 203株(按患者首次分离株进行统计),其中革兰阴性菌株33 110株占70.1％,革兰阳性菌14 093株占29.9％,前5位细菌为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占17.8％、11.3％、10.7％、9.4％、8.5％;金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐头孢西丁菌株分别占48.9％和64.2％,未发现对万古霉素耐药株,对替考拉宁出现少量耐药株;粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌分别有0.6％和2.3％对万古霉素耐药,0.4％和1.2％对替考拉宁耐药;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌中产ESBLs菌株检出率分别为68.6％和41.9％,各种肠杆菌科细菌对阿米卡星及含酶抑制剂类抗菌药物的耐药率＜25.0％,对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物仍保持较高的敏感性;铜绿假单胞菌及鲍氏不动杆菌的耐药明显,对碳青霉烯类耐药率高于往年监测数据;嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对喹诺酮类、米诺环素的耐药率＜25.0％.结论 我国住院非ICU患者细菌以肠杆菌科、非发酵菌、葡萄球菌属为主,MRSA、产ESBL肠杆菌科细菌、耐碳青霉烯非发酵菌以及对喹诺酮耐药肠杆菌科十分突出,且呈增长趋势.     

8种氟喹诺酮类药物的体外敏感性

目的比较大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对8种氟喹诺酮类药物的体外抗菌活性. 方法按NCCLS推荐的标准纸片扩散法(K-B法)对69株大肠埃希菌、84株铜绿假单胞菌和82株金黄色葡萄球菌进行8种三代氟喹诺酮药物的体外敏感性实验. 结果对于大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌,环丙沙星的体外抗菌活性最强;对于金黄色葡萄球菌,虽环丙沙星的敏感率低于氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星及司帕沙星等,但并未提示差异有显著性(P>0.05). 结论 8种帕喹诺酮类药物显示明显的交叉耐药性,环丙沙星的体外敏感性结果对于临床应用三代氟喹诺酮类药物具有一定的指导意义.     

家蝇幼虫中与抗菌功能相关的蛋白和多肽的分析

目的　研究家蝇幼虫体内与抗菌功能相关的蛋白和多肽。方法　对家蝇 3龄幼虫进行针刺、带菌针刺、热激、超声 4种处理 ,于处理后 6、16、2 4、4 8、6 5h分别收集提取耐热水溶蛋白 ,比浊法测定抗菌活性 ,经逐步回归分析确定抗菌相关蛋白和多肽。结果　 4种处理均能诱导家蝇幼虫产生抗菌物质 ,其中表观分子量为 2 0kDa、2 2kDa的蛋白对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草杆菌均有抗菌作用 ,13kDa、16kDa、2 6kDa蛋白只对上述两种菌中的一种有作用 ,37kDa、4 4kDa的蛋白对抗菌作用具有显著负贡献。结论　家蝇幼虫经过诱导后 ,会有多种与抗菌活性相关的蛋白和多肽开始表达或加强表达 ,它们彼此合作 ,共同建立一个完整的防御体系。     

重症监护病房革兰阴性杆菌感染分布及耐药分析

目的分析从重症监护病房（ICU）患者分离的革兰阴性杆菌感染的菌群分布及耐药性特征，为临床防治提供依据。方法对达州市中心医院ICU病房各类感染样本所分离的144株革兰阴性杆菌的菌群分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果占前5位的革兰阴性杆菌为肺炎克雷伯菌（33％），铜绿假单胞菌（25％），鲍曼不动杆菌（14%），大肠埃希菌（10％），嗜麦芽窄食假单胞菌（4％）。肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱B内酰胺酶（ESBL）为36％，大肠埃希菌产ES—BLs为48％。铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌对所监测的抗菌药物呈现多重耐药，但亚胺培南对肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠核希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌仍保持有较高的抗菌活性。结论ICU病房中，患者感染的革兰阴性杆菌均有严重耐药性，这使某些抗感染治疗变得非常困难，甚至危及生命，及时掌握病原菌分布及耐药性监测的最新动态，对于指导临床医生合理选用抗菌药物，意义十分重大。     

呼吸重症监护病房肺部感染的病原菌分布及其耐药性

目的了解呼吸重症监护病房(RICU)最常见的肺部感染痰菌的分布及耐药性. 方法对207例RICU肺部感染患者280次阳性痰培养结果及药物敏感试验进行分析. 结果 G 菌77株,占27.5%;其中金黄色葡萄球菌62株占22.1%,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)53株占18.9%;G-菌162株,占57.9%,占前4位者分别为铜绿假单胞菌56株(20%),嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌25株(8.9%),肺炎克雷伯菌17株(6.1%),鲍氏不动杆菌14株(5%);真菌41株,占14.6%;其中以白色念珠菌为主,占10.7%;药物敏感试验显示铜绿假单胞菌对抗生素多重耐药率较高,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对环丙沙星耐药率较低,肺炎克雷伯菌和鲍氏不动杆菌仍然对碳青酶烯类敏感. 结论该组RICU肺部感染以G-杆菌为主;其中铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和鲍氏不动杆菌构成主要G-感染菌株;MRSA和真菌感染的比例较高.