SCNM1在乙肝相关性肝癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:研究钠离子通道调节蛋白1(SCNM1)在乙肝相关性肝癌中的表达情况,并探讨其表达差异与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法:标本来源于2013年1月～2015年12月在中山大学附属第三医院接收治疗的108例乙肝相关性肝癌患者,所有患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。结合公共数据库中的肝癌资料,分析SCNM1的m RNA表达水平;应用RT-qPCR检测乙肝相关性肝癌组织及癌旁组织中SCNM1的m RNA表达水平,并分析SCNM1的表达水平与乙肝相关性肝癌临床病理特征的关系;利用Kaplan-Meier plotter分析SCNM1与肝癌患者预后的相关性。结果:TCGA数据库、Human Protein Atlas数据库和Oncomine数据库的分析结果显示,SCNM1在肝癌组织中的表达量明显高于正常肝组织(P 0. 01)。SCNM1主要分布于细胞核中。RT-qPCR检测结果显示,乙肝相关性肝癌组织中SCNM1的m RNA中位表达水平明显高于其配对癌旁组织(t=8. 082,P 0. 01)。乙肝相关性肝癌患者中SCNM1的表达水平与肝硬化、丙氨酸转氨酶和肿瘤大小具有相关性(P 0. 05),而与患者的性别、年龄和肿瘤包膜等临床病理特征无相关,SCNM1高表达的肝癌患者总生存时间较低表的患者达短(HR=1. 53,P=0. 016),SCNM1高表达的乙肝相关性肝癌患者总生存时间更短(HR=2. 41,P=0. 015)。结论:在乙肝相关性肝癌中,SCNM1高表达并且和患者的预后相关。SCNM1在乙肝相关性肝癌的发生中可能起着重要作用。     

CEACAM1和CD34蛋白表达与胃癌侵袭转移的关系

目的探讨癌胚抗原相关黏附分子1(CEACAM1)和CD34蛋白表达与胃癌侵袭转移的关系。方法免疫组化SP法检测90例胃癌组织和30名正常胃黏膜组织中CEACAM1及CD34的表达情况,分析CEACAM1和CD34标记的微血管密度(MVD)与胃癌患者临床病理特征的关系。结果 CEACAM1和CD34蛋白在胃癌中的阳性表达明显高于正常胃黏膜组织(P0.05)。CEACAM1蛋白的表达程度与肿瘤分化、侵袭深度、是否淋巴结转移及病理分期相关(P0.05),胃癌组织中MVD与肿瘤大小、分化、侵袭深度、是否淋巴结转移及病理分期相关(P0.05)。CEACAM1表达程度及CD34标记的MVD在胃癌中的表达呈正相关关系(P0.05)。结论 CEACAM1与CD34参与了胃癌的侵袭和转移,有望成为胃癌发生、发展和预后的预测指标。     

URG4在肝癌组织中的表达及其与HBx的关系

目的:检测URG4在肝癌组织中的表达及意义。探讨URG4与HBx在肝癌组织表达之间的关系。方法:免疫组化方法检测URG4和HBx在正常组织、肝癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达分布,并分析其表达的意义及表达之间的相关性。结果:URG4在肝癌组织及肝癌细胞系中的阳性表达率分别为48%和54%,而在正常组织中仅22.2%弱表达,其与HBx表达的相关系数分别为0.38和0.45(P0.05)。结论:URG4在肝癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达高于正常组织,且与HBx密切相关。     

肝癌及肝硬化组织中ICAM-1和ToPoⅡ的表达

目的　探讨细胞间黏附分子 1(ICAM 1)和拓扑异构酶Ⅱ (TopoⅡ )作为判断肝硬化及肝癌发展程度及预后指标的可能性。方法　应用免疫组化S P法对 32例肝细胞癌和癌旁组织、2 6例肝硬化和 10例正常肝组织标本进行ICAM 1和TopoⅡ标记。结果　ICAM 1和TopoⅡ表达率分别为肝癌 84 3%、6 2 5 % (2 7/32 ,2 0 /32 ) ;癌旁组织为 6 8 7%、4 6 8% (2 2 /32 ,15 /32 ) ;肝硬化为 6 5 3% ,38 4 % (17/2 6 ,10 /2 6 )。 10例正常肝组织无表达及弱表达 ,阳性率与组织学分类相关 ,肝癌组织中I CAM 1和TopoⅡ含量明显高于癌旁及肝硬化组织 (P <0 0 1) ,而癌旁及肝硬化组织中表达差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。 结论肝组织中ICAM 1和TopoⅡ的过度表达在一定程度上可以反应肝癌、肝硬化发展及细胞增殖活性 ,有可能作为判断预后的指标之一。     

肿瘤转移相关蛋白1在小鼠肝癌诱发过程中的表达与意义

目的:建立BALB/c小鼠肝癌动物模型,观察分析肿瘤转移相关蛋白1(MTA1)在建模过程中表达的变化及可能的意义。方法:采用联合二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)/四氯化碳(CCl4)/乙醇的方法诱导正常成年BALB/c雄性小鼠150 d,HE染色观察小鼠肝脏病变情况,免疫组化染色观察MTA1在肝脏病变部位的表达情况。结果:实验组小鼠肝脏镜下依次出现炎症、纤维化和肿瘤性改变。在肝脏病变进展的进程中,MTA1的表达量增加;且肝硬化期,MTA1主要在胞质中表达。结论:MTA1在DEN诱发小鼠肝肿瘤过程中表达量增加、表达位置改变,提示MTA1可能在肝脏肿瘤形成的全程均具有重要作用。     

细胞外基质蛋白1在肝癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨细胞外基质蛋白1（extracellular matrix protein1,ECMl）在肝癌中的表达及意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学EnVision法,检测肝脏细胞株（正常肝细胞株LO2、肝癌细胞株HepG2）和肝脏组织（正常肝组织和肝癌组织）中ECM1的表达,并比较正常肝组织和肝癌组织之间的ECM1表达差异。结果：ECM1的表达如下：正常肝细胞株LO2（-）,肝癌细胞株HepG2（＋）;正常肝组织阳性率20％（4／20）,肝癌组织阳性率85．4％（70／82）。统计分析表明,对ECM1的表达,肝癌组织明显高于正常组织（P〈0．01）。结论：ECM1在肝癌组织中过表达。     

sICAM-1和sVCAM-1与乙肝病毒标志物关系的研究

目的探讨可溶性血管内皮细胞问黏附分子1(sVCAM-1)和可溶性细胞问黏附分子1(sICAM-1)的水平与乙肝病毒标志物之间的关系。方法用ELISA法测定乙肝病毒标志物、sVCAM-1、sICAM-1，用PER法定量测定HBV-DNA的含量。结果HBVM阳性者，除HBsAb阳性者外，其血清sVCAM-1、sICAM-1水平较全阴性者均有较明显的升高，但升高的各组间无明显差异；sICAM-1与ALT呈正相关(r=0．652)，与HBA-DNA呈负相关(r=-0．498)；sVCAM-1与ALT、HBV-DNA的相关系数r分别为0．191、-0．027。结论1、乙肝病毒感染者血清sVCAM-1、sICAM-1有明显的升高，各组间无明显差异。2、sICAM-1的水平可以反应肝脏的损害程度和HBV-DNA的复制情况。     

可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1在原发性肝癌患者血清中的表达及其与肝纤维化的关系

目的:探讨可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)在原发性肝癌(PHC)患者血清中的水平及其与肝纤维化的关系。方法:采用ELISA方法测定45例PHC患者、30例良性肿瘤患者和35例健康查体者血清sICAM-1和肝纤维化四项(PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、LN、HA)水平,并分析sICAM-1与肝纤维化之间的关系。结果:PHC组血清sICAM-1和肝纤维化四项(PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、LN、HA)水平均显著高于良性肿瘤组和正常对照组,相比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);而良性肿瘤组和正常对照组各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清sICAM-1含量与PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C、LN、HA含量呈显著正相关性(r=0.683、0.575、0.573、0.539,P<0.05)。结论:检测血清sICAM-1的水平对判定PHC患者的病情、为肝癌的早期诊断和治疗有着重要的临床意义。     

重组P53基因转染的肝癌细胞ICAM-1分子的表达

细胞间黏附分子 1(ICAM 1)又称CD5 4 ,是免疫球蛋白超家族中的单链跨膜球蛋白 ,其表达受多种因素 (如自身免疫病、创伤、白血病及细胞因子等 )的影响[1-4] 。ICAM 1与细胞迁移至炎性部位有关 ,也具有协同刺激T细胞功能的作用 ,在淋巴细胞活化及免疫应答过程中起重要作用[5] ,但     

siRNA敲减缺氧诱导因子1α表达对口腔鳞癌细胞活力及癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子1表达的影响

目的:探究缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)与口腔鳞癌细胞活力和凋亡的关系以及作用机制。方法:采用RT-PCR和Western blot检测口腔鳞癌细胞系Tca8113和CAL27以及正常口腔上皮细胞NOK中HIF-1α和癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子1(CEACAM1)的mRNA和蛋白表达量; RNA干扰技术沉默口腔鳞癌CAL27细胞中HIF-1α的表达,实验分为空白对照组、无义对照组和siRNA-HIF1-α组,MTT实验检测敲减HIF-1α表达对细胞活力的影响,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率的变化,Western blot检测HIF-1α、P21、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、Bcl-2和Bax的蛋白水平。结果:HIF-1α和CEACAM1在口腔鳞癌细胞中的表达量显著高于正常口腔细胞(P 0. 05),且二者表达量呈正相关; HIF-1α和CEACAM1在CAL27细胞中的表达量显著高于Tca8113细胞(P 0. 05)。siRNA-HIF-1α组细胞中的HIF-1α蛋白表达量显著低于空白对照组(P 0. 05)。敲减HIF-1α表达显著抑制CAL27细胞的活力(P 0. 05),促进其凋亡(P 0. 05),显著增加P21和Bax的蛋白水平(P 0. 05),明显降低VEGF和Bcl-2的蛋白水平(P 0. 05)。结论:HIF-1α在口腔鳞癌中高表达,干扰HIF-1α的表达可显著抑制细胞的活力,促进其凋亡。这可能是通过调控HIF-1α下游靶基因的表达以及肿瘤血管的生成来发挥作用的。     

The tumour suppressor gene CEACAM1 is completely but reversibly downregulated in renal cell carcinoma

CEACAM1 acts as a tumour suppressor in various epithelial tumours. On the other hand, de novo expression of CEACAM1 is strongly associated with reduced disease-free survival of melanoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma patients. Since effector functions of natural killer and T cells are inhibited by homophilic CEACAM1 interaction, immune escape could be responsible for the poor prognosis of these patients. Here, we describe CEACAM1 expression in normal kidney, renal adenomas and renal cell carcinomas (RCC) using a novel antibody generated by genetic immunization. In normal kidney, CEACAM1 was found in epithelial cells of proximal tubules and in endothelial cells. In contrast, tumour cells of 30 clear cell, three chromophobic, and two chromophilic RCCs were completely devoid of CEACAM1. Renal adenomas also lacked CEACAM1 expression. Similarly, RCC cell lines CaKi1, CaKi2, A498, and RCC26 exhibited no or low-level CEACAM1 expression. However, CEACAM1 expression was transiently induced in A498 cells upon contact with allogeneic CD8+ T cells, mediated at least in part by interferon-gamma. Furthermore, the majority of tumour-infiltrating T and NK cells expressed CEACAM1 upon stimulation. Thus, transient expression of the tumour suppressor CEACAM1 by tumour cells and subsequent homophilic interaction with CEACAM1 on tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes could represent a novel immune escape mechanism in RCC.     

巯基化Ras相关蛋白7a抑制人肝癌细胞系HepG2.2.15中HBV复制

目的探究人肝癌细胞HepG2.2.15中Ras相关蛋白7a (Rab7a)的巯基化机制及其对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)复制的影响。方法通过生物素转换实验检测H2S对HepG2.2.15细胞中Rab7a巯基化水平的影响并验证Rab7a的巯基化位点;通过酶联免疫法、RT-qPCR和Western blot检测巯基化的Rab7a对HBV复制标志物水平的影响。结果在HepG2.2.15细胞中H2S可增强内源性Rab7a的巯基化水平(P<0.01);NaHS(H2S速释供体)可增强外源性Rab7a的巯基化表达,但其巯基化位点突变后则不受NaHS影响(P<0.01);Rab7a巯基化后,可抑制HepG2.2.15细胞上清中HBsAg、HBeAg和HBV-DNA及细胞内HBV-cccDNA、3.5kb RNA、total RNA和HBcAg蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论 Rab7a的巯基化抑制HBV阳性细胞系HepG2.2.15细胞中HBV的复制水平。     

CEACAM1/VEGF cross-talk during neuroblastic tumour differentiation

The role of angiogenesis in tumour progression is a major subject in modern oncology and a correlation between angiogenesis and poor outcome has been demonstrated for human neuroblastomas. However, the role of angiogenesis in the maturation phase of neuroblastic tumours has never been considered. Human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), a potent pro-angiogenic factor and mediator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis, plays a crucial role during the activation phase of angiogenesis and it has been shown to be expressed in the microvessels of the developing central nervous system as well as in newly formed immature blood vessels in many different tumours and under physiological conditions. The present study has investigated the role of CEACAM1/VEGF-mediated angiogenesis across the whole spectrum of neuroblastic tumours, from undifferentiated to fully differentiated mature ganglioneuromas. CEACAM1 is peculiarly expressed in the microvessels of areas of active tumour maturation among differentiating neuroblastic/ganglion cells, whereas it is completely absent in the vessels of poorly differentiated/undifferentiated as well as in entirely mature Schwannian-rich areas. Interestingly, VEGF expression has been found in differentiating neuroblastic/ganglion cells adjacent to CEACAM1-positive microvessels. In keeping with these observations, VEGF expression was found in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells during differentiation after retinoic acid treatment. Moreover, conditioned medium from SH-SY5Y cells collected at different stages of differentiation induced progressive in vitro up-regulation of CEACAM1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) that was abrogated by the specific VEGF receptor-2/KDR inhibitor SU5416. Taken together, these data point to a role for CEACAM1/VEGF cross-talk during the maturation phase of neuroblastic tumours. This may mimic physiological events leading to maturation of the vasculature in the developing normal central nervous system. On the other hand, in poorly differentiated/undifferentiated lesions, VEGF-sustained angiogenesis does not reproduce physiological steps, but rather is associated with tumour aggressiveness and may involve other molecular pathways.     

乙肝病毒促进肝癌细胞系的转移侵袭力

目的探讨乙肝病毒(HBV)对肝癌细胞转移能力的影响及其可能机制。方法以初始汇合度为30%,将3种细胞系HL-7702(人正常肝细胞系)、HepG2(未转染HBV-DNA的人肝癌细胞系)、HepG2.2.15(稳定转染HBV-DNA的人肝癌细胞系)种植于96孔板中,待细胞增殖至70%汇合时,利用划痕器制造划痕伤口,置于活细胞动态成像系统中进行多时间点的显微拍照与数据采集,计算相对伤口密度(RWD),并通过免疫荧光染色与Western blot技术测定细胞中Eph A2蛋白表达,分析其与RWD值的相关性。结果细胞迁移实验中,划痕后24~96 h,HL-7702组RWD显著高于HepG2与HepG2.2.15组(P0.01),划痕后72~144 h,HepG2.2.15组RWD显著高于HepG2组(P0.01);细胞侵袭实验中,HL-7702细胞因不能穿过基质胶,而无RWD值;划痕后72~144 h,HepG2.2.15组RWD显著高于HepG2组(P0.05或P0.01)。Eph A2表达:与HL-7702组比较,HepG2与HepG2.2.15组细胞中Eph A2表达水平显著升高(P0.01),其中HepG2.2.15组中Eph A2表达水平显著高于HepG2组(P0.01),且两组肝癌细胞中Eph A2的表达量与划痕实验的RWD值呈显著正相关(迁移实验:P0.01;侵袭实验:P0.01)。结论乙肝病毒可能促进肝癌细胞的迁移和侵袭能力,其机制可能与上调Eph A2的异常表达有关。     

CD66a (CEACAM1) expression by mouse natural killer cells

CD66a (CEACAM1), an adhesion molecule that has regulatory function on T lymphocytes, was found to be expressed on a minority of mouse natural killer (NK) cells, especially in the liver. CD66a expression on NK cells depended on their differentiation stage, with highest levels on immature CD49b(-)NK cells. Expression of CD66a on NK cells was strongly enhanced by in vitro activation with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18. However, in vivo NK cell stimulation by infection with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus did not lead to strong CD66a expression, even on activated interferon--gamma-producing NK cells. These results indicate that CD66a expression is differently regulated, depending on the NK cell activation pathway, which may lead to distinct regulatory mechanisms of the functional subpopulations of these cells.     

Expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1(CEACAM1) and its correlation with angiogenesis in gastric cancer

Objective

To examine the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1(CEACAM1) and CD34 in gastric adenocarcinoma, and to investigate their relations with clinical pathology-related factors.

Methods

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyze the expression of CEACAM1 and CD34, and micro-vessel density (MVD) marked by CD34 was calculated in 208 cases of human gastric adenocarcinoma and in 56 cases of normal human gastric tissues.

Results

There was no expression of CEACAM1 in normal gastric mucosa. However, all of the gastric adenocarcinoma tissues expressed CEACAM1 with cytoplasmic and/or membranous staining. CEACAM1 expression was classified as high and low (137/208 vs. 71/208, 65.9% vs. 34.1%), the CD34-MVD value was significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). In addition, expressions of CEACAM1 and CD34 were significantly different from gastric adenocarcinoma to normal gastric tissues, respectively (P < 0.05). High CEACAM1 expression and high MVD value were positively associated with lymph nodes metastasis and TNM stage, but negatively related to pathological grade (P < 0.05). But they were irrelevant with tumor size, patients’ age and gender (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The up-regulation of CEACAM1 expression may participate in tumorous angiogenesis, especially high expression of CEACAM1 promoted its capability of invasion and metastasis.     

Hepadnaviruses in cirrhotic liver and hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepadnaviruses share properties of virion structure, genome structure and replication, epidemiologic behavior, and pathogenic effects, including an association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epidemiologic evidence implicating hepadnavirus infection in HCC includes the observation that the geographic distributions of HBV infection and HCC are similar, that the incidence of HCC is much higher in hepadnavirus infected than uninfected hosts, and that viral DNA sequences are integrated in the cellular DNA of most (e.g., 80-90%) but not all hepadnavirus-associated HCC. Cirrhosis further increases the risk of HCC in HBV infected humans. The precise role of hepadnaviruses in development of most HCC is unclear, although the finding of viral integrations within or near protooncogenes in a few cases suggests the possibility that these integrations may play a direct role in these HCC. However, in the great majority of HCC associated with HBV infections, viral integrations are in different cellular DNA sites in different HCC, integrations are not within domains of known protooncogenes, and integrations are not found in some 10-15% hepadnavirus-associated HCC, suggesting that persisting viral sequences are not directly involved in the development of these HCC as viral sequences are for tumors caused by viruses with oncogenes or viruses that act by a "promoter-insertion" mechanism. It is possible, however, that oncogenic mutations could arise via other mutagenic mechanism that may operate in chronic hepatitis B and/or cirrhosis and which do not involve persisting viral integrations. For example, liver regeneration, which is a feature of the cirrhosis associated with chronic HBV infection (and sometimes with chronic hepatitis B) involves proliferation of many cells with HBV integrations, and such integrations have been shown to be unstable and may lead to mutations through post-integration rearrangements of cellular sequences at sites of viral integrations. Viral sequences appear to be lost or deleted at some such sites of rearranged cell DNA. Chronic HBV infection shares pathologic features of liver cell injury and reactive inflammation, liver regeneration, and in man sometimes cirrhosis with other important risk factors for HCC including chronic alcoholic liver disease, chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis, hemochromatosis, and crypogenic cirrhosis, suggesting that this common pathologic process may be carcinogenic by a mechanism that does not depend specifically on the factor which initiates liver cell injury. The pathogenetic role of chronic hepadnavirus infection in such a process would be in causing liver cell injury with reactive inflammation and hepatocyte proliferation (regeneration).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Serum hepatitis B surface antigen is correlated with intrahepatic total HBV DNA and cccDNA in treatment‐naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B but not in patients with HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma

The aim of the study was to investigate correlations between intrahepatic hepatitis B virus total DNA, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), and serum HBsAg in treatment‐naïve chronic hepatitis B and HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver tissues were taken from 42 HBV related HCC and 36 patients with chronic hepatitis B. A fraction of DNA extracted from liver tissue was digested with a plasmid‐safe ATP‐dependent DNase and used for HBV cccDNA detection. The remaining DNA was used for the detection of HBV total DNA and β‐globin, the latter of which is a housekeeping gene and quantified for normalization by real‐time PCR. Quantitation of serum HBsAg was performed by a chemiluminescence assay. Serum HBsAg had positive correlations with serum HBV DNA (r = 0.636, P < 0.001), intrahepatic HBV total DNA (r = 0.519, P = 0.001) and cccDNA (r = 0.733, P < 0.001) in 36 treatment‐naïve chronic hepatitis B, while HBsAg correlated poorly with DNA (r = 0.224, P = 0.210), intrahepatic total DNA and cccDNA in the tumor (r = 0.351, P = 0.031; r = 0.164, P = 0.324, respectively) and non‐tumor (r = 0.237, P = 0.152; r = 0.072, P = 0.667, respectively) liver tissues of 42 HCC. HBV cccDNA and total DNA were significantly higher in liver tissue from chronic hepatitis B than in tumor and non‐tumor of HCC (P < 0.001). Serum HBsAg and HBV DNA were also higher in chronic hepatitis B than in HCC (P < 0.001). It was concluded that levels of serum HBsAg and intrahepatic cccDNA and total DNA were significantly higher in chronic hepatitis B than in HCC, and significant correlations among them were observed in treatment‐naïve chronic hepatitis B but not in HCC. J. Med. Virol. 85:219–227, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.