多金属氧酸盐抗艾滋病病毒活性研究进展

本文主要总结了近些年来多金属氧酸盐在抗艾滋病病毒(HIV)方面的研究情况;比较分析了不同多金属氧酸盐的结构及其抗病毒效果的差异;简要介绍了抗HIV的作用机制及预测未来的发展方向。     

多金属氧酸盐簇-聚合物杂化功能材料的研究进展

随着高新科技的快速发展与日益更替,兼有无机材料多功能性和聚合物可加工性的杂化材料具有重要的应用前景。本文论述并回顾了将多金属氧酸盐簇(Polyoxometalates)与聚合物通过共价键连接制备多金属氧酸盐簇-聚合物杂化物(Polyoxometalate-Polymer Hybrids)的研究现状。依据所制备杂化物中聚合物链的构型进行分类,综述了近年来该领域的研究进展,并重点介绍了本课题组在过去几年里的研究成果。     

人工骨质材料的生物学特性

目的：制备表征多金属氧酸盐(POMs)纳米粒子掺杂的羟基磷灰石骨替代材料,并对其性能进行探讨。 方法：用小鼠和白化兔,通过急性毒性实验、热原实验、皮内实验进行生物相容性检验。 结果：材料为棒状,平均粒径为20 nm, 长度为100 nm左右。尺寸与人骨更接近,且POMs纳米粒子掺杂的壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石(CS/nano-HAP)复合材料无热原性,无毒,受试材料浸提液无刺激性。 结论：此多金属氧酸盐纳米粒子掺杂的羟基磷灰石骨替代材料具有良好的生物相容性。这种材料与骨组织结合是一种骨性结合,具有较高的界面强度。     

α-K9P2W15Nb3O62纳米粒子的制备与表征

目的 对多金属氧酸盐α-K9P2W15Nb3O62的形貌和结构进行研究.方法 用高压静电纺丝和程序焙烧的方法,制备α-K9P2W15Nb3O62纳米粒子.结果 红外光谱,X-射线粉末衍射数据表明制备的纳米材料依然保持了Dawson-Wells结构,扫描电子显微镜显示焙烧后得到的α-K9P2W15Nb3O62纳米粒子直径约为220 nm.结论 成功获得了具有纳米粒子形貌的多金属氧酸盐:α-K9P2W15Nb3O62.     

HIV研究荟萃

血浆滤纸转移技术检测HIV病毒适用于HIV的早期诊断；HIV治疗效果存在种族差异；多聚L乳酸注射可明显改善HIV患者的面部脂肪萎缩；carraguard凝胶控制HIV患者生殖系统感染疗效显著；高效抗逆转录病毒疗法影响HIV患者的辅助T细胞分布；     

α2-K8P2W17NiO61纤维材料的制备与表征

目的：对多金属氧酸盐α2-K8 P2 W17 NiO61的形貌和结构进行研究。方法运用高压静电纺丝和程序焙烧的方法,制备α2-K8P2W17NiO61纳米粒子。结果红外光谱（FT-IR）,X-射线粉末衍射数据（XRD）表明制备的纳米材料依然保持了Dawson-Wells结构,扫描电子显微镜（ SEM ）和半径分布图显示焙烧后得到的α2-K8 P2 W17 NiO61纳米纤维直径约为168 nm。结论成功获得了具有纳米纤维形貌的多金属氧酸盐：α2-K8 P2 W17 NiO61。     

静脉吸毒人群多病毒共感染的血清流行病学分析

目的　探索静脉吸毒人群血清多病毒共感染 (包括重叠、混合 )的流行趋势。材料和方法　采乌鲁木齐市某戒毒所静脉吸毒者 (IVDUs)血清 2 0 6份 ,抗 -HIV初筛用ELISA法 ,阳性血清经WB法确认 ,抗 -HCV、HBV -M均用ELISA法检测。结果　单病毒感染 62例 ( 3 0 % ) ,二种以上病毒共感染 13 7例 ( 66.5 % )。抗 -HCV阳性 191份( 92 .7% ) ,HBV(HbsAg Ab) 97份 ( 4 7.0 8% ) ,抗 -HIV阳性 86份 ( 4 1.75 % )。HBV HCV感染 5 1份 ( 2 4.75 % )、HIV HCV共感染 48份 ( 2 3 .3 % )、HIV HCV HBV共感染 3 8份 ( 13 .5 9% )。无HIV单感染和HIV HBV阳性血清。HBV阳性中抗 -HBs高于HbsAg4～ 7倍 ,全阴血清 7份 ( 3 .3 9% )。讨论　在静脉吸毒人群中高危病毒感染顺次为HCV >HIV >HBV ,两种以上病毒感染的危险率为HCV HIV >HCV HIV HBV >HCV HBV。抗 -HBs >HBsAg、无单纯HIV感染血清和HIV与HBV共感染血清。提示除已知HIV具有直接或间接促使HCV复制增加的作用 ,HCV具有促使抗 -HBs产生的作用外 ,应重视病毒间的相互生物学作用     

新型多金属氧酸盐配合物与HPV联合检测对抗宫颈癌作用的研究

目的利用HPV检测对宫颈癌进行检测并利用多金属氧酸盐的结构特点,和其抗肿瘤、抗病毒的生物学活性,对本课题组设计合成并筛选出的2个新的氨基吡啶类多金属氧酸盐荷转移配合物(该类化合物还未见报道),进行人子宫颈癌Hela细胞凋亡机制的研究,新型多金属氧酸盐配合物与HPV联合检测两者联合为开发高抗癌活性、低毒性的新型抗宫颈癌药物奠定实验基础。方法 (1)取宫颈癌细胞Hela,用MTT法对两种配合物的进行体外抗肿瘤活性检测。(2)运用Annexin V-FITC/PI双标记法染色,流式细胞仪检测两种配合物诱导Hela细胞凋亡的能力。结果 MTT法测得(C5H6 N2)7[Sb W9O33]·H2O(S)对Hela细胞的半数抑制率浓度(IC50)为1.85 ug/ml;而(C 5 H6 N2)6[Te Mo O24]·H2O(Te)为0.94 ug/ml。运用流式细胞术检测两种配合物对Hela细胞的影响,两种配合物均能促进Hela细胞凋亡,呈现了一定的剂量效应。当配合物的浓度分别为0,0.3,1.25,5μL/m L的时候,配合物S作用Hela细胞的凋亡率分别为1.57%,18.56%,90.13%。配合物Te分别为1.02%,5.72%,66.27%。结论以钨酸钠、钼酸钠、氨基吡啶等为原料,通过回流反应,静止挥发的方法合成了两个新的化合物:(1)(C5 H6 N2)7[Sb W9O33]·H2O;(2)(C 5 H6 N2)6[Te Mo O24]·H2O。得到的这两种化合物还未见报道。通过MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测了两种配合物抑制肿瘤细胞生长的能力和诱导凋亡能力,结果表明,这两种多金属氧酸盐荷转移配合物不但能抑制肿瘤细胞生长,还能诱导其凋亡。HPV检测对宫颈癌有较高的灵敏度,为诊断评估病情提供参考依据。新型多金属氧酸盐配合物联合HPV检测在抗肿瘤活性方面,配合物S在Hela细胞上体现的抗肿瘤活性强于配合物Te。     

天然产物中抗HIV生物碱类化合物的研究进展

近年来,从天然产物中寻找高效低毒的先导化合物已成筛选抗HIV药物的重要研究方向。生物碱类化合物作为一类重要的天然产物,数量众多,结构类型复杂,其中有多种抑制和阻断HIV感染的有效成分,通过实验室研究工作和临床用药观察,有望从中获得抗HIV的有效药物。以生物碱类化合物的化学结构为基础,将生物碱类化合物分为异喹啉类、喹啉类、大环类、哌啶类、莨菪烷类、吲哚类、咔唑类、海洋多环胍类、萜类、manzamine型生物碱等10类,对其抗HIV活性进行综述。     

抗HIV药物的筛选评价方法

随着对艾滋病致病机制的深入研究,越来越多新的抗艾滋病病毒（HIV）药物进入临床试验,但大量抗HIV药物的应用也导致了耐药性问题的出现。因此,建立高通量快速的抗HIV药物筛选平台对研究新的抗HIV药物非常重要。本文综述了目前抗HIV药物研究中常用的体外和体内筛选模型,重点阐述了体外以病毒复制特异性功能活动或特定结构作为靶点的筛选系统及其评价方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.