协调护际关系促进护士团结的技巧

护际关系即护士与护士之间的相互关系，它是护士人际关系中的一种基本关系，搞好护际关系，不仅有利于护士自身的身心健康，而且有利于促进护士之间的团结协作，对推动护理改革的顺利进行，促进护理程序的贯彻实施，为病人提供优质的身心整体护理，都有着重要作用。     

人际关系对护理工作的影响

<正> 护士的人际关系直接或间接地影响护理工作质量。护理人员的人际关系主要包括:护患关系、护士与陪床的关系、医护关系、护际关系、护际关系、护士与医院各部门各类人员的关系、护士与社会群体的关系、护士与社会环境的关系等,这些都或多或少地影响着日常护理工作,因此,护士应学会     

移情在护士人际关系中的作用

护士的人际关系,是指同护理有直接联系的人和人之间的交往关系,主要包括护士与病人之间的护患关系,护士与医生之间的医护关系,护士与护士之间的护际关系。     

浅谈整体护理中的人际沟通与医疗质量提高

临床护士应如何处理好同医生、医技、病人、陪护和护士内部的关系？做到沟通理解协作，做好整体护理，提高医疗护理质量、下面结合病房工作谈一些体会。护理人际沟通主要分为三个方面：护患沟通、医护沟通、护际沟通。１护患沟通护患有效沟通有利于开展整体护理和心理护理...     

浅议护理工作中的人际关系

护理工作中人际关系是指医生和护士之间的医护关系 ,护士和病人之间的护患关系和护士相互之间的护际关系。1　医护关系医护关系是护理工作中经常碰到的人与人之间的关系之一。医生开出医嘱护士要转抄执行 ;医生诊断疾病 ,要护士严密观察病情及时提供信息 ;手术治疗的效果除与手术本身的质量有关外 ,大多取决于术后细心的护理 ;患者康复与医生的正确诊断和护士精心护理有关 ;所有这些方面 ,都是在医生和护士之间相互协调的关系中体现的 ,缺一不可。按照生物心理、社会医学模式的要求 ,医护关系应是交流协作互补型的模式。所谓交流 ,是指医护…     

怎样才能做一个受护士欢迎的护士长之我见

<正> 做好护士长工作,除应具备一定的管理能力与水平外,建立良好的护际关系也是护理工作顺利进行的重要保证。在实践中体会到:要想建立良好的护际关系,护士长与护士之间必须有深入的沟通。而沟通的成败常常是影响人的情绪和精神面貌的重要因素,成为影响服务态度和护理质量的主要因素。     

护士人际关系对护理工作的影响

人际关系又名“个性心理关系”,它属于心理学的范畴 ,是研究个体的个性心理在群体及其直接接触环境中的相互关系。护士的人际关系直接或间接影响护理工作质量 ,尤其在护理管理工作中 ,如果管理者能建立和谐的人际关系则有利于护理工作的顺利进行和护理质量的提高。护理人员的人际关系主要包括 :护患关系、护士与病人家属的关系、医护关系、护际关系、护士与医院各部门各类人员的关系、护士与社会群体的关系、护士与社会环境的关系等。现就上述几方面人际关系报告如下。1　护患关系护患关系是做好护理工作的基础。在医院中 ,护理人员约占卫生…     

如何建立良好的护患关系

在临床护理工作中护士与患者应该建立起良好的护患关系，才能取得患者的信任，促进患者早日康复。①护士要有良好的沟通技巧；②护士要有良好的职业道德和敬业精神；③娴熟的护理技能和丰富的理论知识是建立良好护患关系的关键；④恰当的护理艺术；⑤维护患者利益和尊重患者隐私，也是建立良好的护患关系的必要条件。     

护际间横向暴力行为对临床护士团结度的影响

目的调查临床护士团结度和护际间横向暴力行为现状,并分析护际间横向暴力行为对临床护士团结度的影响。方法通过便利抽样方法于2020年5—7月调查温州医科大学附属第二医院478名在职护士,分别运用护士间横向暴力调查问卷和护士间团结度量表,调查护际间横向暴力行为及护士间团结度的情况,并探讨两者间的关系。结果共填写问卷478份,有效问卷472份,有效回收率98.7%。护际间横向暴力行为总分为(71.23±2.16)分,临床护士间团结度总分为(57.56±1.23)分。单因素分析显示,临床护士工作团结度总分在工龄、职称和是否有编制方面的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关分析显示,护际间横向暴力行为总分及各维度得分与护士间团结度总分及其各维度均呈负相关关系(均P<0.05),分层回归分析显示,工龄和职称影响护士间团结度的17.6%的变异量;控制人口学特征后,显性暴力和隐性暴力可以解释护士间工作团结度38.2%的变异量。结论护际间横向暴力行为普遍存在,护士间团结度尚可,工作时间久、职称高的护士临床护理团结度比年资浅、职称低的护士更高。护际间横向暴力是降低临床护士间团结度的不利因素,年...     

浅析处理护患关系的技巧

护患关系是在临床护理过程中护士与病人之间产生和发展的一种工作性、专业性、帮助性的人际关系。随着整体护理模式的试点与推广，护患关系已从主动一被动型发展成为指导合作型与共同参与型的新型护患关系，对护理工作提出了新的更高层次的要求，护士提供的服务要适合病人个体的生理、心理状态、更贴近病人的需求。良好的护患关系已成为整     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.