急性脑梗塞病人白细胞流变性与球结膜微循环的对比

用核孔膜滤过法对３１例急性脑梗塞病人和２３例健康查体者的白细胞流变学及其他有关指标进行了测定，并同时检查了球结膜微循环。结果提示病人组白细胞总数、变形指数及球结膜微循环积分值较对照组均明显增高，而红细胞流变学有关指标无明显变化。认为白细胞流变性异常在急性脑梗塞的发病过程中具有重要作用，而球结膜微循环可作为估价脑梗塞发生、发展、预后和疗效评定的客观指标。     

急性脑梗塞患者甲襞微循环观察——附80例临床分析

在急性脑梗塞时，甲宾微循环改变的异常程度的报道结果差别较大．为进一步探讨急性脑梗塞时的微循环变化程度，从而进一步为急性脑梗塞的治疗提供较为可靠的理论依据，我们对80例急性脑梗塞患者和30例同年龄组健康者的甲襞微循环进行了对比研究．现报道如下．资料与方法1一般资料按照1986年中华医学会第二次脑血管病学术会议确定的诊断标准[1]．并经头颅CT扫描证实为第一次发病的急性预内动脉系统的脑梗塞．且发病时间在五天以内的急性脑梗塞患者80例（观察组），男72例，女8例。年龄为45～80岁，平均年龄63．28土11．7岁。病程96．24土12…     

脑梗塞患者红细胞膜微粘度与球结膜微循环之关系

通过对51例脑梗塞患者的红细胞膜微粘度(EMMV)、球结膜微循环(BCM)与20例健康对照组观察,对脑梗塞与二者的关系进行讨沦。发现脑梗塞患者组EMMV、BCM与健康对照组比较均有极显著差异(P<0.05～0.01)。这些病理变化与中风轻重程度有同步变化倾向。脑梗塞越重,膜微粘度越大,流动性越小,在微血管中通过能力降低,微循环障碍加重。提示:这种病理变化引起的血管灌注压急剧降低,微循环障碍。必须改善血液循环,降低血液粘度,尤其降低EMMV,这对脑梗塞患者的康复与治疗有一定的意义。     

脑梗塞患者血小板形态学与微循环的研究

本文对血小板超微结构、球结膜微循环与脑梗塞之间的关系进行了观察,进一步探讨血小板在脑梗塞发病中的动态改变及球结膜微循环的变化。结果显示:正常血小板呈园盘形或椭园形,中间为密度很高约2-3个致密体,并有多个溶酶体颗粒,以及较小的密度很高的许多糖元颗粒等。而患者组血小板形态、线粒体、致密斑颗粒、糖元颗粒与对照组比较均有显著变化或减少(P<0.001)。球结膜微循环的改变亦更明显,微血管血流慢、血管迂曲、形态不规则、局部扩张、细胞聚集等(P<0.01)。脑梗塞患者组血小板超微结构及球结膜微循环的改变与疾病程度成同步变化倾向。故脑梗塞患者除治疗缺血外,还应解除微循环障碍。     

药物爱维治与胞二磷胆碱治疗脑梗塞患者对比研究

目的 :观察爱维治治疗对急性脑梗塞患者球结膜微循环(BCM )、经颅多普勒超声 (TCD )、内皮素 (ET)、血小板P 选择素CD62 p(CD62 p)及红细胞变形指数 (DI)的影响。方法 :1 1 0例急性脑梗塞患者分为爱维治组 60例、二磷胆碱组 5 0例 ,检测二组患者治疗前后BCM、TCD、ET、CD62 p及DI的变化。结果 :治疗后爱维治组BCM明显改善 ,TCD血流明显增加 ,DI明显增强 ,CD62pET明显降低 ,与胞二磷胆碱组比差异显著 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :爱维治治疗可改善微循环、促进脑代谢、减少有害物质的产生及释放 ,对脑梗塞的康复有益。     

通塞益脑液治疗急性脑梗塞的机理探讨

通塞益脑液治疗急性脑梗塞有较好的疗效,已为临床所证实。为探讨其作用机理,我们对服药患者进行甲襞微循环检测,结果表明,通塞益脑液具有明显的改善微循环的作用,并优于对照药物低分子右旋糖酐。现报道如下。     

紫外线照射充氧自血回输治疗脑梗塞前后的球结膜微循环变化及与疗效之关系

对２２例脑梗塞病人紫外线照射充氧自血回输疗法治疗前后的球结膜微循环变化进行观察，结果表明血氧疗法对脑梗塞病人有较好的治疗效果，对球结膜微循环有明显改善，而且微循环改善愈明显者，临床疗效愈好。     

脑梗塞患者红细胞变形性与微循环变化的关系

目的：对脑梗塞的微循环和红细胞变形性及其关系进行评价。方法：对３０例脑梗塞患者和对照组３０例的甲襞、球结膜微循环和红细胞变形性同时进行检测。结果：脑梗塞患者甲襞、球结膜微循环加权积分值和红细胞变形性指数的改变均与对照组有非常显著性差异,亦显示皮质支梗塞者红细胞变形性改变更为明显,深穿支梗塞者微循环障碍更为明显。而甲襞、球结膜微循环改变分别与红细胞变形性改变无明显相关性。结论：其无相关的原因为多因素所致。     

通心络对脑梗塞患者血液流变性及甲襞微循环的影响

目的 :探讨通心络对脑梗塞患者甲襞微循环及血液流变性的影响。方法 :6 0例脑梗塞患者随机分为对照组及通心络治疗组 ,并于治疗前后进行甲襞微循环及血液流变学的检测。结果 :通心络治疗组与对照组相比 ,甲襞微循环及全血粘度、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :通心络具有“益气活血、通络止痛”等作用 ,能改善脑梗塞患者的微循环 ,降低血粘度     

脑梗塞中医证型与微循环关系研究

目的 探讨脑梗塞中医证型与甲皱球结膜微循环的关系。方法 对115例脑梗塞患者进行甲皱及球结膜微循环观察。结果 中医各证型之间具有不同的微循环改变，气虚血瘀证，阴虚风动证主要以甲皱微循环异常为主；痰热腑实证，风火上扰证主要以球结膜微循环异常为主。血液流速缓慢。红细胞中，重度聚集是其共性。结论 微循环变化可做为脑梗塞患者中医辨证分型的重要参考指标。     

Secular change in menarche in women in Madrid

The age at menarche was estimated by recollection in 1617 women between the ages of 18 and 60 in Madrid and a nearby suburb, Pinto. The population of Pinto is working-class and the Madrid group, taken from residential neighbourhoods , belongs to the upper middle class. In both groups we found a diminution in average age at menarche, from 14.04 to 13.02 years in Madrid and from 14.55 to 13.16 years from about 1935 to about 1965 in Pinto. These changes have been more intense in the group which is less well-off economically, where living conditions have varied much more drastically.     

Intestinal helminthiasis in school children in Haiti in 2002

A survey on intestinal helminths in school children was conducted in Haiti in 2002. This first nationwide study involving the entire country was stratified by department according to urban and rural zones using the cluster method. Focusing on elementary school children (n=5792; age range 3 to 20 years), it involved 26 urban and 49 rural schools randomly selected. Stools were preserved in formalin and examined by the Ritchie technique. Thirty-four per cent of stools (1981/5792) tested positive for intestinal helminths with the following parasites identified: Ascaris lumbricoides (27.3%), Trichuris trichiura (7.3%), Necator americanus (3.8%), Hymenolepsis nana (2%), Taenia sp. (0.3%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (0.2%). The helminth prevalence was higher in rural (38.4%) compared to urban areas (30%). There was no significant difference in prevalence by sex and age. The importance of geohelminths changed from one department to another with the highest prevalence found in the Southern department of Grande Anse (73.7%) and the lowest prevalence in the Center department (20.6%). Five out of the country's nine departments had a similar prevalence varying from 25.5% to 28.2%. Intestinal helminthic polyparasitism was observed in a percentage of infested school children comprise between 3.4% and 28.6% according in relation to the geographical area. A program to fight against geohelminths in school children should be initiated as a public health priority. Albendazole is the drug of choice. Frequency of drug distribution should be based on the prevalence of geohelminths in each department.     

Experience in adult population in dengue outbreak in Delhi

A dengue outbreak has recently hit the Indian capital. We studied the clinical profile of adult patients. Five hundred and sixty patients of dengue infection were admitted in a specially created ward according to the criteria laid down by WHO. Haematemesis (28.28%), epistaxis (26.78%) and malena (14.28%) were some of the common presentations. Similarly lymphadenopathy, especially cervical (30.89%), palatal rashes (26.96%) and hepatomegaly (23.75%) were the most commonly encountered findings on physical examination. Most of the cases were of dengue fever with haemorrhage and only 2.5% cases were classified under dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. The average hospital stay was 3.4 days but only 9.8 hours in the eleven patients who died, suggesting their late arrival in preterminal situation giving little time for resuscitation. Thrombocytopenia was not a feature and only 12.85% patients had platelet count less than 70,000/cmm. Most of the patients who were admitted with thrombocytopenia, showed normalization in their platelet counts in next few days. Serological examination demonstrated evidence of recent dengue infection in 41.17% patients. Few patients required blood or platelet concentrate transfusion. Eleven patients died, three due to DIC, one of intracranial haemorrhage and seven due to massive gastric haemorrhage. Rest of the patients recovered completely. Thus we can conclude that recent outbreak in Delhi was of dengue fever with haemorrhage and mortality was very low in patients who came early to the hospital.     

Changes in the hypothalamic nuclei in in experimental allergy

Summary In rabbits subjected to prolonged sensitization and in which the Arthus phenomenon was induced there was a marked reaction of the hypothalamic nuclei. Staining by Gomori's method indicated a cellular swelling, loss of granules, and protoplasmic vacuolization in the supraoptic nucleus. There was a considerable increase in the size of the cross-sectional area of the cells. The same effects were much less well shown in the paraventricular nucleus. These results show that marked signs of increased neurosecretion developed in the animals at the height of the Arthus phenomenon.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimental'noi biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 110–113, April, 1963.     

Development in in vitro toxicology

There are three principal pressures driving the development of in vitro toxicology: (1) the need for more efficient testing systems to cope with the large number of xenobiotics currently being developed; (2) public pressure to reduce animal experimentation; and (3) a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity. Within this, in vitro toxicology is focused on local, systemic, and target-organ toxicity. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a step or decision-tree approach using input of a variety of experimental data (physicochemical properties, biokinetics, cytotoxicity) provides the most efficient system for predicting toxicity. Examples of the use of in vitro toxicity systems for prediction of systemic toxicity and target-organ (liver) toxicity are presented.Originally presented at ECCP 93.