大鼠小体积肝移植中肝动脉重建的意义探讨

目的 探讨肝动脉重建在大鼠小体积肝移植中的意义.方法 采用改良二袖套法建立大鼠40%小体积肝移植模型,实验分动脉重建组(A组)和非动脉重建组(B组),观察1周生存率,并于术后第1、2、4、7天检测肝功能、移植肝组织学变化和免疫组化法检测肝细胞的增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA).结果 A组1周生存率66.7%,B组1周生存率50.0%(P>0.05).ALT和TB术后第1天即开始明显增高,第2天达高峰,以后逐渐降低,B组和A组各时间点相比较,TB第2、7天高于A组,ALT第4、7天高于A脉组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).A组术后中央静脉及肝窦扩张程度相对较轻,可见较多二倍体和多倍体肝细胞.PCNA表达于术后第2天最高,A组术后第1天的移植肝细胞PCNA阳性表达率高于B组,而术后第7天移植肝细胞PCNA阳性表达率低于B组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).结论 肝动脉重建可明显改善大鼠小体积移植肝的功能,促进移植肝的再生,有效地保护移植肝的组织学结构,减轻术后移植肝的组织学改变.     

小体积肝移植和辅助性原位小体积肝移植治疗猪急性肝功能衰竭的近期疗效观察

目的观察小体积肝移植和辅助性原位小体积肝移植治疗猪急性肝功能衰竭的近期疗效。方法急性肝功能衰竭猪随机分为3组接受肝移植治疗:A组行全肝移植(n=5);B组行小体积肝移植(n=5);C组行辅助性原位小体积肝移植(n=5)。各组动物开腹后即刻、切脾后即刻和再灌注后30 min分别监测门静脉压力,并观察术后生化指标变化、病理改变和1周生存率。结果A、B和C三组的移植肝重量与受体体重之比分别为(2．44±0．30)％、(0．76±0．02)％和(0．75±0．03)％。再灌注后30 min,B组移植肝门静脉压力显著高于其它两组(A:B:C=13．3:17．5:12．2 cmH2O, P<0．01),C组原肝门静脉压力显著高于移植肝门静脉压力(14．3:12．2 cmH2O,P<0．05)。A组和C组术后第2天起血清天冬氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素、凝血酶原时间、乳酸和血氨水平明显下降,术后第7天基本恢复至正常水平。B组术后上述生化指标一直维持在较高的水平,术后第2～4天明显高于其它两组(P<0．01)。A组、B组和C组1周生存率分别为100％、20％和80％,B组明显低于其它两组(P<0．05)。结论辅助性原位小体积肝移植治疗急性肝功能衰竭近期疗效优于小体积肝移植,术中不必干预原肝门静脉。     

核因子-κB和诱导性一氧化氮合成酶在大鼠肝脏小移植物缺血预处理中的作用

目的 探讨核因子-κB(NF-κB)和诱导性一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)在大鼠肝脏小移植物缺血预处理中的作用。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分成5组：假手术组(A组)；小移植物组(B组)；应用二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷(PDTC)的小移植物组(C组)；应用缺血预处理(IPC)的小移植物组(D组)；应用PDTC IPC的小移植物组(E组)。电泳迁移率改变法(EMSA)检测小移植物植入后5个时间点肝脏组织中NF-κB活性，逆转录一聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测iNOS在肝组织中的表达，检测肝脏脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的浓度。结果 A组肝组织中NF-KB的活性很弱。B、C、D、E4组NF-κB变化趋势相仿，一般在恢复灌注后即活化，峰值出现在3h(IPC)；活化峰值强度B组＞C组＞D组＞E组。再灌注2h后B、C、D、E组肝组织中iNOS表达水平开始升高，6h达到峰值，其值B组＞D组＞c组＞E组(P＜0．05)，随后逐渐下降；至12h仍高于对照组的水平。MDA的结果变化和iNOS表达水平变化类似，SOD呈相反变化。结论 NF-κB在大鼠肝脏缺血预处理小移植物中起重要作用。抑制供肝组织中NF-κB的活性可显著降低再灌注早期供肝组织中iNOS表达和氧自由基水平．并有效改善供肝的再灌注损伤。针对NF-κB的靶向治疗可能是供肝保护的一条新途径。     

大鼠40％小体积肝移植肝动脉重建的意义

目的 探讨肝动脉重建在大鼠小体积肝移植中的意义.方法 采用改良二袖套法建立大鼠40%小体积肝移植模型,实验分重建动脉组和未重建动脉组,观察1周生存率,并于术后1、2、4及7 d检测肝功能、观察移植肝组织学变化以及免疫组化法检测肝细胞增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达.结果 重建动脉组1周生存率为65.0%(13/20),未重建动脉组1周生存率为50.0%(10/20),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2组ALT和TB于术后第1天即开始明显升高,第2天达高峰,以后逐渐降低;重建动脉组TB于第2、7天低于未重建动脉组,ALT于第2、4天低于未重建动脉组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).重建动脉组术后中央静脉及肝窦扩张程度较未重建动脉组相对较轻,可见较多二倍体和多倍体肝细胞;2组大鼠移植肝的肝细胞中PCNA表达均于术后第2天达高峰,重建动脉组术后第1天的PCNA表达阳性率高于未重建动脉组(P＜0.01),而术后第7天则低于未重建动脉组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 肝动脉重建可明显改善大鼠小体积移植肝的功能,促进移植肝的再生,有效地保护移植肝的组织学结构,重建动脉组术后早期肝细胞增殖较未重建动脉组活跃.     

rhALR在大鼠部分肝移植术后肝再生中的作用及其机制研究

目的 探讨大鼠部分肝移植术后腹腔注射重组人肝再生增强因子(recombinant human augmenter ofliver regeneration,rhALR)促进肝移植术后肝细胞再生的作用及其机制.方法 建立大鼠原位60% 肝脏移植模型,部分肝移植术后腹腔注射rhALR 40 μg/kg 2 次/d(实验组,对照组注射等体积的注射用水);取术后第1、2、3、5、7 天大鼠血清及肝组织,检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT),测定肝细胞PCNA LI 的变化,RT-PCR 检测肝组织IL-6 mRNA Cyclin-D1 mRNA 的表达.结果 实验组(A 组)与对照组(B 组)比较,术后第1、2 天A 组血清ALT 显著低于B 组.A 组术后第1、2、3、5 天的PCNA LI 均明显高于B 组同一时点的PCNA LI(P<0.05).A 组术后第2 天的肝细胞AI 明显低于B 组同一时点的肝细胞AI(P<0.05);A 组术后肝组织IL-6 mRNA 的表达与B 组在各观察时点间比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05);A 组术后第1 天肝组织Cyclin D1 mRNA 的表达明显高于B 组同时点的表达(P<0.05),其余观察时点无明显差异.结论 大鼠部分肝移植术后应用rhALR 可以明显促进肝细胞的再生,降低血清ALT,稳定肝细胞膜,保护肝细胞功能.rhALR 促进大鼠部分肝移植术后的肝再生可能并不是通过上调启动阶段重要因子IL-6 mRNA 的表达发挥作用,而是通过上调增殖阶段重要因子CyclinD1mRNA 的表达发挥作用.     

大鼠40％小体积肝移植模型建立及移植肝的病理观察

目的建立稳定的大鼠40％小体积肝移植模型，并观察术后移植肝功能与病理的变化。方法采用改良二袖套法建立大鼠40％小体积肝移植模型，观察1w生存率，并于术后1、2、4、7天检测肝功能、移植肝组织学变化和免疫组化法检测肝细胞的增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）。结果手术成功率97．5％，1w生存率60％，无肝期平均（124±2．5）min，丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、总胆红素（TB）术后即第1天即明显增高，第2天最高，以后逐渐降低。组织学检查术后2天即可见较多二倍体和多倍体肝细胞。免疫组化检测移植肝PCNA表达于术后第2天最高。结论通过技术改进，简化了手术操作，提高了手术成功率及模型的稳定性。大鼠小体积移植肝仍具有较强的再生能力。     

锌指蛋白A20促进同种异体大鼠小体积移植肝再生并抑制急性排斥

目的 探讨锌指蛋白A20对同种异体大鼠30%小体积移植肝再生与排斥及受体存活时间的影响.方法 采用急性排斥组合DA (RT1a)大鼠→Lewis (RT1l)大鼠建立同种异体大鼠30%小体积肝移植模型. 75只大鼠均分为A20腺病毒组(A20组)、对照空腺病毒组(rAdEasy组)及对照生理盐水组(PS组)3组. 供肝切取后采用离体门静脉灌注法转基因干预,肝脏灌洗后移植. 观察受体存活时间及排斥反应,检测移植肝A20表达、肝细胞再生与凋亡、肝血窦内皮细胞(LSECs)中NF-κB活性与ICAM-1 mRNA表达、移植肝浸润单核细胞(LIMCs)总数及自然杀伤(NK)细胞和自然杀伤T(NKT)细胞数以及血清IFN-γ水平. 结果 A20组受体大鼠存活时间长于PS组大鼠和rAdEasy组大鼠(P=0.001 8),而PS组大鼠存活时间又长于rAdEasy组大鼠(P=0.001 8). A20促进小体积移植肝再生,肝移植后4 d A20组大鼠肝细胞BrdU标记指数高于PS组大鼠和rAdEasy组大鼠(P＜0.01); A20组大鼠肝细胞凋亡指数低于PS组大鼠和rAdEasy组大鼠(P＜0.01). 肝移植术后4 d,组织学检测结果显示A20组大鼠移植肝有少量细胞浸润,呈轻度排斥; 而PS 组和rAdEasy组大鼠移植肝有大量细胞浸润,呈重度排斥. A20能抑制移植后早期(1 d) LSECs 中NF-κB活性和 ICAM-1 mRNA 表达. 流式细胞术检测结果显示A20能下调移植肝LIMCs数,包括下调NK和NKT 亚群细胞数,并下调血清IFN-γ水平(P＜0.05). 结论 A20能有效促进同种异体大鼠30%小体积移植肝再生,抑制排斥并延长受体存活时间,其功效可能与抑制LSECs中NF-κB活性、抑制LIMCs浸润及减少NK 细胞和NKT 细胞浸润入肝以及抑制肝细胞凋亡有关.     

联合应用厄贝沙坦和依达拉奉对大鼠小体积移植肝的保护作用

目的 探讨联合使用厄贝沙坦和依达拉奉在大鼠小体积供肝移植早期中对移植肝的保护作用及机制.方法 取体重相差20～30g的150对SD大鼠作为肝移植供、受者,其中小体重大鼠作为供者.按随机数字表法将大鼠分为移植对照组(A组)、依达拉奉实验组(B组)、厄贝沙坦实验组(C组)、厄贝沙坦联合依达拉奉实验组(D组)及假手术对照组(E组).采用大鼠30％部分肝移植模型,按二袖套法进行大鼠原位肝移植.术后观察各组受鼠的存活情况,监测门静脉压和肝功能变化,术后6和24 h,检测移植肝组织内SOD活性及MDA含量,采用逆转录实时聚合酶链反应检测移植肝组织Egr-1 mRNA、ET-1 mRNA及Bax mRNA的表达,采用原位末端转移酶标记法检测移植肝细胞的凋亡情况.结果 术后7d,A、B、C、D及E组累积存活率分别为8.33 (1/12),33.3％(4/12),58.7％ (7/12),83.3％ (10/12)和100％(12/12),各组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).与对照组比较,各实验组门静脉压的变化,术后6和24 h的ALT和AST水平,MDA含量和SOD活性,Egr-1 mRNA、ET-1 mRNA及Bax mRNA的相对表达量,以及肝细胞凋亡指数等指标的检测结果均较优,尤以D组最为显著,各组间上述指标的两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 联合使用厄贝沙坦和依达拉奉可通过降低门静脉压和抗氧化作用(减轻移植肝缺血再灌注损伤)的双重保护作用减轻大鼠小体积肝移植术后早期移植肝的损伤,且联合用药效果好于单用其中一种药物.     

冷缺血对大鼠小体积肝移植肝再生的影响

目的探讨冷缺血对大鼠小体积肝移植术后肝再生的影响.方法本组在2002年9月～2004年8月利用大鼠肝总量30%原位肝移植模型,实验分为肝总量70%肝切除组(C组)和冷缺血1、3、5 h组(E1、E2、E3组),观察1w生存率及肝重量/受体原肝重量比值(EGW/RLW),并检测术后1、2、3、7d肝细胞增殖活性及肝组织学变化.结果E1组1w生存率及EGW/RLW分别达100%和95%,均明显高于E2、E3组(P均＜0.05);E1、E 、E3组均于术后2d达到增殖高峰,其中E1组峰值显著高于E2、E3组(P＜0.001),且与C组峰值无差异(P＞0.05);组织学检查见E1组肝细胞核分裂明显活跃.结论冷缺血1 h的小体积供肝和70%肝切除后肝脏具有同样的增殖活性,仅增殖高峰稍晚;冷缺血超过3h严重影响小体积供肝的再生能力和受者的存活率.     

诱导性一氧化氮合成酶在大鼠肝移植小移植物模型早期损伤中的表达及意义

目的探讨诱导性一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)在大鼠肝移植小移植物早期损伤中的表达及意义。方法选取雄性SD大鼠,随机分成3组假手术组(正常对照组,A组),缺血再灌注组(B组),小移植物组(C组)。比较各组的肝功能指标的变化、肝脏脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的浓度、肝脏组织病理组织学和透射电镜改变、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)检测iNOS在肝组织中的表达。结果A组肝功能指标显著低于其余两组(P<0.05);肝功能指标峰值均出现在术后6h,随后逐渐下降;肝功能指标峰值依次为C组>B组>A组(P<0.05)。A组MDA显著低于其余两组,肝脏MDA浓度C组>B组>A组(P<0.05);SOD呈相反变化。光镜检查、电镜检查B、C两组均可见到肝脏再灌注损伤后典型的病理变化。再灌注后B、C组肝组织中iNOS表达水平显著升高,在6h时达到峰值,随后逐渐下降;至12和24h仍维持远高于对照组的水平。C组iNOS峰值组显著高于B组。结论iNOS在小移植物损伤中积极地参与了缺血再灌注损伤过程。     

Small graft for living donor liver transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of graft size on recipients in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) to establish a clinical guideline for the minimum requirement. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although the minimum graft size required for LDLT has been reported to be 30% to 40% of graft volume (GV)/standard liver volume (SLV), the safety limit of the graft size was unknown. METHODS: A total of 33 cases of LDLT, excluding auxiliary transplantation, were reviewed with a minimum observation period of 4 months. The 33 patients were divided into three groups according to GV/SLV: medium-size graft group, small-size graft group, and extra-small graft group. The effect of GV/SLV on graft function, graft regeneration, and survival was evaluated. RESULTS: The overall patient survival rate was 94% at a mean follow-up of 15 months with a minimum observation period of 4 months. There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative bilirubin clearance, alanine aminotransferase, prothrombin time, and frequency of postoperative complications among the three groups. One week after transplantation, the regeneration rate (GV at 1 week/harvested GV) in the extra-small and small groups was significantly higher than that of the medium group. The graft and patient survival rates were both 100% in the extra-small group, 75% and 88% in the small group, and 90% and 95% in the medium group. CONCLUSIONS: Small-for-size grafts less than 30% of SLV can be used with careful intraoperative and postoperative management until the grafts regenerate.     

Impact of a Left-Lobe Graft Without Modulation of Portal Flow in Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation

In adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), left-lobe grafts can sometimes be small-for-size. Although attempts have been made to prevent graft overperfusion through modulation of portal inflow, the optimal portal venous circulation for a liver graft is still unclear. Hepatic hemodynamics were analyzed with reference to graft function and outcome in 19 consecutive adult-to-adult LDLTs using left-lobe grafts without modulation of graft portal inflow. Overall mean graft volume (GV) was 398 g, which was equivalent to 37.8% of the recipient standard liver volume (SV). The GV/SV ratio was less than 40% in 13 of the 19 recipients. Overall mean recipient portal vein flow (PVF) was much higher than the left PVF in the donors. The mean portal contribution to the graft was markedly increased to 89%. Average daily volume of ascites revealed a significant correlation with portal vein pressure, and not with PVF. When PVP exceeds 25 mmHg after transplantation, modulation of portal inflow might be required in order to improve the early postoperative outcome. Although the study population was small and contained several patients suffering from tumors or metabolic disease, all 19 patients made good progress and the 1-year graft and patient survival rate were 100%. A GV/SV ratio of less than 40% or PVF of more than 260 mL/min/100 g graft weight does not contraindicate transplantation, nor is it necessarily associated with a poor outcome. Left-lobe graft LDLT is still an important treatment option for adult patients.     

Liver graft‐to‐spleen volume ratio as a useful predictive factor of the early graft function in children and young adults transplanted for biliary atresia: a retrospective study

A graft volume/standard liver volume ratio (GV/SLV) > 35% or graft/recipient weight ratio (GRWR) > 0.8% has been considered as a standard criteria of graft selection. Even if the graft size meets these selection criteria, small‐for‐size syndrome can still occur depending on the portal venous flow (PVF). The aim of this study was to identify other factors contributing to portal hyperperfusion and the post‐transplant course, focusing on the graft volume‐to‐spleen volume ratio (GV/SV). Thirty‐seven BA patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation were reviewed retrospectively. First, we evaluated the preoperative factors contributing to portal hyperperfusion. Second, we evaluated the factors contributing to post‐transplant complications, such as thrombocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, and coagulopathy. The GV/SLV was >35% in all cases; however, portal hyperperfusion (≥250 ml/min/100 g graft) was found in 12 recipients (35.3%). Furthermore, although the GRWR was >0.8% in over 90% of cases, portal hyperperfusion was found in 10 recipients (32.3%). In contrast, the GV/SV showed a significant correlation with the PVF after reperfusion. If the GV/SV was <0.88, about 80% of recipients developed portal hyperperfusion. Furthermore, the GV/SV also showed a significant correlation with post‐transplant persistent thrombocytopenia and hyperbilirubinemia. The GV/SV < 0.88 predicts portal hyperperfusion, post‐transplant persistent thrombocytopenia, and hyperbilirubinemia.     

大鼠边缘性体积供肝肝移植模型的实验研究

目的通过建立不同体积供肝的大鼠肝移植模型,探索边缘性体积供肝大小的适宜范围,为研究小肝综合征的发病机理及防治措施提供一种易于复制的小动物模型。方法将192只大鼠随机分为全肝移植组、半肝移植组、小体积供肝移植组及超小体积供肝移植组,每组48只,分别建立全肝、半肝、小体积供肝和超小体积供肝的大鼠肝移植模型。移植术后,4组各抽取24只大鼠用于观察存活率;抽取12只大鼠于移植术前,移植术后5、15、30、45及60min测定门静脉压力;另12只大鼠于术后24h测定谷丙转氨酶（ALT）水平。结果全肝移植组的7d累积生存率为100％（24／24）,半肝移植组为87．5％（21／24）,小体积供肝移植组为37．5％（9／24）,超小体积供肝移植组均于术后48h内死亡。全肝移植组术中开放门静脉后,60min内其门静脉压力稳定;半肝移植组大鼠在开放门静脉后,其门脉压力虽有小幅升高,但仍保持相对稳定;而小体积供肝移植组和超小体积供肝移植组开放门静脉后,其门静脉压力均显著升高,15min时均达到高峰,之后该2组的门静脉压力开始回落,至45～60min时逐渐稳定。供肝的体积大小与开放门静脉后5（r=-0．942）、15（r=-0．947）、30（r=-0．900）、45（r=-0．825）和60min（r=-0．705）时的门静脉压力均呈负相关关系（P〈0．001）。肝移植术后24h,全肝移植组和半肝移植组ALT水平均低于小体积供肝移植组及超小体积供肝移植组（P〈0．05）,且小体积供肝移植组ALT水平低于超小体积供肝移植组（P〈0．05）。供肝体积的大小与大鼠移植术后的ALT水平呈负相关关系（r=-0．685,P〈0．001）。结论大鼠部分肝移植模型中,供肝与受体标准肝脏体积比（Gv／sLV）的安全界限为50％,GV／SLV为30％～35％的供肝可视为边缘性体积供肝,小于30％的供肝可视为超小体积供肝。     

Living related liver transplantation in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of living related liver transplantation (LRLT) in adult patients and to assess graft size disparity and graft regeneration. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although LRLT has been accepted as an optional life-saving procedure for pediatric patients with end-stage liver disease, the feasibility of LRLT for adult patients has not been reported with reference to a clinical series. METHODS: Adult-to-adult LRLT was performed using whole left lobar grafts in 13 patients (5 with primary biliary cirrhosis, 6 with familial amyloid polyneuropathy, 1 with biliary atresia, and 1 with citrullinemia). The 13 donors comprised 5 husbands, 3 sons, 2 sisters, 2 fathers, and 1 mother. The ratio of the graft volume to standard liver volume (GV/SV ratio) was calculated for use as a parameter of graft size disparity. RESULTS: Although the liver graft was markedly small for size (GV/SV ratio 32%-59% at the time of LRLT), none of the 13 patients developed postoperative liver failure. Eleven of the patients are still alive and well with satisfactory graft function 2 to 35 months after LRLT. Graft liver volume increased rapidly after LRLT and approximated the standard liver volume with time. CONCLUSIONS: Our LRLT program for adult patients has produced good results. LRLT in adults can be indicated for selected donor-recipient combinations.     

Factors Affecting Persistent Splenomegaly After Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Using a Left Lobe

BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to evaluate spleen volume (SV) and the factors influencing it after adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (A2LDLT) using a left lobe.MethodsPretransplant computed tomography (CT) and post-transplant CT 2 years after A2LDLT were examined by volumetric analysis in 24 patients. We divided the recipients into the following 2 groups according to the post-transplant SV: >500 mL (Group A) and ≤500 mL (Group B). The factors affecting the change in post-transplant SV were compared between the 2 groups.ResultsThe mean pretransplant SV decreased significantly after A2LDLT. Platelet counts after living donor liver transplantation increased significantly relative to the pretransplant values. Post-transplant SV was >500 mL in 9 patients (Group A) and ≤500 mL in 15 (Group B). Pretransplant SV, platelet count, anhepatic time, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, post-transplant portal vein pressure >20 mm Hg, and post-transplant portal vein flow >250 mL/min/100 g graft weight showed significant differences between the 2 groups. Actual graft volume (GV) and GV/standard liver volume ratio showed no intergroup differences. Multivariate analysis showed that the only significant factor related to a post-transplant SV of >500 mL was the pretransplant SV. Post-transplant platelet counts were significantly increased from the pretransplant values in both Group A and Group B.ConclusionsPretransplant SV is the only significant factor predicting a SV of >500 mL after A2LDLT. However, even in patients with a SV of >500 mL, the platelet count increased significantly from the pretransplant value.     

SWH液对大鼠肝脏保存中肝细胞凋亡的影响

目的　通过与UW液进行比较 ,观察SWH保存液对大鼠肝细胞凋亡及其对肝移植受者存活率的影响。方法　应用大鼠原位肝移植模型 ,通过HE染色、电镜和TUNEL法检测肝细胞凋亡以及观察移植术后 7d动物存活率。结果　随着保存时间的延长 ,两组的凋亡指数 (AI)均无明显升高 ,保存 18h后 ,两组的AI亦无明显改变 ,仅在行肝移植恢复血流循环后AI才明显上升 ,移植前后存在显著性差异 ,P <0 .0 1,SWH液组略低于UW液组 ;SWH液组移植术后 7d动物存活率有高于UW液组的趋势。结论　有效地防止肝细胞凋亡可以提高肝脏的保存效果 ,在防止肝细胞凋亡方面 ,SWH液优于UW液。     

大鼠原位辅助性部分肝移植

本研究旨在建立大鼠原位辅助性部分肝移（ａｕｘｉｌｉａｒｙｐａｒｔｉａｌｏｒｔｈｏｔｏｐｉｃｌｉｖｅｒｔｒａｓｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ,ＡＰＯＬＴ）模型,进一步推动肝移植的实验和临床研究。在半肝血流阻断下切除受体肝脏的７５％。然后将３０％的供肝移植于原位。作者成功地施行大鼠原位辅助性部分肝移植４０次。受体５天生存率为８７．５％。移植肝５天存活率为７５％。术后第５天移植肝重量增加一倍,肝细胞增生活跃,ＤＮＡ呈二倍体,ＤＮＡ合成期肝细胞占２２．６％±２．７５％明显高于正常肝细胞的１２．２２％±１．４８％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。作者认为,大鼠ＡＰＯＬＴ是一个较理想的动物模型。     

大鼠小体积肝移植后肝细胞再生的研究

目的 探讨小体积肝移植术后肝再生的情况。方法 建立大鼠30％原位肝移植模型,实验分为肝切除（PH）组、全肝移植（0LT）组和30％小体积肝移植（30％POLT）组,观察1w生存率,并于术后1、2、3、7d检测肝细胞增殖活性、肝功能和肝组织学变化。结果 各组1w生存率均为100％;30％POLT组术后2d达到增殖高峰,峰值与PH组无差异（P〉0．05）;其肝功能酶学指标在术后1、3d明显升高,组织学见肝细胞核分裂极其活跃。结论 冷缺血1h的30％供肝和肝切除后肝脏具有同样的增殖活性,仅增殖高峰稍晚;较短的冷缺血时间以及熟练的手术技术可能对小体积供肝的再生起重要作用。     

胰岛素门静脉灌注促进活体肝移植术后肝再生的临床研究

目的 探讨成人活体肝移植(LDLT)术后胰岛素门静脉灌注对移植肝再生的促进作用.方法 2005年7月至2007年9月间接受右肝LDLT并自愿接受术后门静脉胰岛素灌注、有完整临床资料并存活超过30 d的15例成人受者作为研究对象(胰岛素组),同期未接受门静脉胰岛素灌注治疗、有完整临床资料并存活超过30 d的连续15例成人受者作为对照组研究对象(对照组).胰岛素组受者LDLT术中从胃网膜右静脉插入一根18 G硅胶管至门静脉系统,另一端固定于腹壁,术后以2 U/h速度静脉微泵持续均匀门静脉灌注胰岛素7 d.对照组无门静脉插管及胰岛素灌注.LDLT术前1d、术后7 d及30 d检测肝功能与外周血胰岛素水平,术中、术后7 d及术后30 d测量移植肝体积(GV).以GV比例(术后移植肝体积/术中移植肝体积之百分比)和供肝受者体重比(GRWB)比例(术后GRWR/术中GRWR之百分比例)作为移植肝再生检测指标.结果 LDLT术后7d胰岛素组与对照组受者移植肝GV比例分别为(186.1±35.4)%和(160.6±22.1)%,胰岛素组移植肝再生率高于对照组(P<0.05);胰岛素组与对照组受者GRWR比例分别为(179.0±35.8)%和(156.6±18.5)%,胰岛素组移植肝再生率亦高于对照组(P<0.05).LDLT术后30 d胰岛素组与对照组受者移植肝再生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).LDLT术后7 d胰岛素组患者血清总胆红素、丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶水平低于对照组.术后两组患者外周血胰岛素水平及外周胰岛素用量的差异均无统计学意义.结论 LDLT术后胰岛素门静脉灌注可能促进术后第1周移植肝再生.