体重、身高、体重指数与绝经后妇女骨密度的关系

本研究用双能Ｘ线吸收法（ＤＸＡ）测定２８０名５０～７６岁绝经后妇女腰椎正位、股骨上端骨密度，计算出体重指数，探讨骨密度（ＢＭＤ）与体重、身高、体重指数的相关关系。结果显示：绝经后妇女腰椎、股骨上端ＢＭＤ与体重、身高、体重指数呈正相关，体重与腰椎、股骨上端的ＢＭＤ相关性（γ＝０．３８８，ｒ＝０．２６３～０．２７２，ｐ＜０．０１）比身高、体重指数与ＢＭＤ相关性好，Ｌ２～４ＢＭＤ与体重的直线回归方程为Ｙ＝０．４６２７＋０．００６９Ｘ，ｒ＝０．３８８，ｐ＜０．０１。提示：体重对绝经后妇女ＢＭＤ影响较身高和体重指数大，低体重是发生骨质疏松的危险因素之一，对低体重（ＢＭＩ≤２０ｋｇ／ｍ２）绝经后妇女采取适当措施防治骨质疏松非常有意义。体重超过理想体重每１０ｋｇ，则Ｌ２～４ＢＭＤ测量值应扣除０．０６９ｇ／ｃｍ２。     

吸入麻醉药对人血浆和血小板血栓素B2生成与血小板聚集的影响

目的：探讨吸入麻醉剂氟烷、安氟醚和异氟醚对人血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２），血小板ＴＸＢ２生成与血小板聚集的影响。方法：血浆ＴＸＢ２和血小板ＴＸＢ２的生成量用放免分析法测量，血小板聚集率用比浊法测量。结果：吸入１ＭＡＣ氟烷３０分钟后，血浆ＴＸＢ２浓度、二磷酸腺苷（ＡＤＰ）和肾上腺素（Ｅ）诱导的血小板ＴＸＢ２生成量与血小板聚集率显著下降，吸入１ＭＡＣ安氟醚３０分钟后，血浆ＴＸＢ２浓度和血小板ＴＸＢ２生成量与血小板聚集率亦显著下降，其降低的程度比氟烷轻。吸入１ＭＡＣ异氟醚对上述指标无明显影响。血小板ＴＸＢ２生成的减少与血小板聚集率的下降呈显著正相关。结论：氟烷显著抑制血小板聚集，安氟醚次之，异氟醚对血小板聚集无明显影响。其机制可能与氟烷和安氟醚通过抑制血小板上血栓素Ａ２受体的亲和力，降低ＡＤＰ和Ｅ诱导的血小板ＴＸＢ２的生成有关。     

男性青少年身体成分与骨矿含量的关系

为了解青少年身体成分中瘦体重和体脂含量究竟那种成分对骨矿含量影响起主要作用，我们对５８名男性青少年（年龄１７．２±０．７岁，范围：１５．５—１８．７岁）进行人体测量，计算出瘦体重和体脂含量，用ＢＨ－６０１２型二维扫描单光子骨密度仪测量非优势侧桡骨中远１／３处及桡骨超远端骨矿含量（ＢＭＣ，ｇ）、骨宽（ＢＷ，ｃｍ）、骨密度（ＢＭＤ，ｇ／ｃｍ２），为消除身高的影响分别计算桡骨中远１／３处和桡骨超远端ＢＭＤ／身高值（ＢＭＤ／Ｈ，ｇ／ｃｍ３）。以桡骨中远１／３处及桡骨超远端的ＢＭＣ、ＢＭＤ、ＢＭＤ／Ｈ作因变量，年龄、身高、瘦体重、体脂含量作自变量进行多元线性回归分析，结果表明瘦体重和体脂含量均与骨矿含量有关（Ｐ＜０．０５），但经骨形态即骨宽较正的骨密度及身高校正的ＢＭＤ／Ｈ仅与瘦体重有关（Ｐ＜０．０５），因此说明男性青少年身体成分中瘦体重对桡骨超远端骨密度的影响作用较大。     

梗阻性黄疸血流动力学变化的研究及其影响因素分析

对４１例梗阻性黄疸和４１例单纯胆囊结石血流动力学变化及其影响进行观察。结果表明Ａ组ＴＢ、ＢＴＰ显著增加，ＰＶＤ、ＰＶＰ显著高于Ｂ组，而ＳＶＲ、ＭＡＰ、ＰＶＢＦ显著低于Ｂ组。相关分析显著Ａ组ＴＢ与ＢＴＰ、ＰＶＰ、ＰＶＤ呈显著正相关，ＴＢ、ＰＶＤ、ＰＶＰ、ＢＴＰ与ＰＶＢＦ呈显著负相关。逐步回归分析表明ＴＢ、ＢＴＰ是影响ＳＶＲ、ＭＡＰ的主要指标，而ＳＶＲ、ＭＡＰ下降是影响ＰＶＢＦ的关键因素。     

脱蛋白骨、骨形态发生蛋白和三种生长因子重组合人工骨成骨能力的比较研究

目的　比较三种重组合人工骨的成骨能力。方法　在５０ 只兔的１００ 个颅骨缺损动物模型中分别植入：①牛脱蛋白骨（ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ）／牛骨形态发生蛋白（ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ）／肿瘤坏死因子α（ Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα）;②ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ）;③ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／表皮细胞生长因子（ Ｅ Ｇ Ｆ）;④ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ。植入后１、２、４、６ 及８ 周行组织学检查及 Ｘ 线摄片; 植入后１０ 及４２ 天行　３５ Ｓ和４５ Ｃａ 液闪计数及灰重测定。结果　成骨能力：ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／ Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα＞ ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／ｂ Ｆ Ｇ Ｆ（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ＞ ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／ Ｅ Ｇ Ｆ（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）;ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／ Ｅ Ｇ Ｆ 与 ｂ Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ 无显著性差异（ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。结论　 Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα与 Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ及载体复合后,在体内对骨修复产生明显的促进作用,在载体／骨诱导因子／生长因子的重组合人工骨模式中, Ｄ Ｐ Ｂ／ｂ Ｂ Ｍ Ｐ／ Ｔ Ｎ Ｆα是一种有价值的骨移植材料。     

大鼠肝脏隔离灌注不同剂量5－氟脲嘧啶静脉血中前列环素与血栓素A_2的变化

应用大鼠肝脏隔离灌注模型，以不同剂量５－氟脲嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ）行门静脉灌注，用放免法检测下腔静脉血中ＴＸＢ＿２与６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ＿（１α）水平，结果表明，ＩＬＰ５－Ｆｕ３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ组术后３天ＴＸＢ＿２明显升高，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ＿（１α）升高不显著；ＩＬＰ５－Ｆｕ１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组与灌注平衡液组ＴＸＢ＿２比术前明显升高，但两组间无明显变化，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ＿（１α）与术前相比无明显变化。在ＩＬＰ５－Ｆｕ３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ组，ＴＸＢ＿２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ＿（１α）值与ＧＰＴ值呈正相关。提示ＴＸＡ＿２与ＰＧＩ＿２平衡的改变与超ＭＴＤ的５－ＦｕＩＬＰ时肝组织损伤密切相关。     

阿魏酸钠对犬心脏停跳复苏后脑组织TXB_2、6-keto-PGF_(1a)及MDA含量的影响

研究了阿魏酸钠对犬心脏停跳１０分钟复苏后４小时脑组织中血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）、６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１ａ（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ）及丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量的影响。１７只犬随机分为非缺血对照组（Ａ组）、缺血再灌注常规治疗组（Ｂ组）及缺血再灌注阿魏酸钠治疗组（Ｃ组）。结果发现，Ｂ组ＴＸＢ２、ＭＤＡ含量及ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ比值均较 Ａ组明显升高（Ｐ＜０． ０１）。 Ｃ组 ＴＸＢ２、ＭＤＡ含量及 ＴＸＢ２／６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ比值升高幅度均较Ｂ组明显低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。表明阿魏酸钠可明显抑制犬心脏停跳复苏后脑组织花生四烯酸代谢及脂质过氧化反应。     

血小板源性伤口愈合因子对伤口组织细胞增殖作用的实验研究

为了观察不同浓度的血小板源性伤口愈合因子（ＰＤＷＨＦ）对伤口成纤维及表皮细胞增殖能力的影响，并探讨其可能的机理，利用离体培养的鼠伤口在纤维细胞及人伤口表皮细胞为模型，将培养细胞分为三组，空白对照组：基质处理组（ＢＭ，成分为１６４０＋０．５％ ＦＣＳ）；阳性对照组：１６４０＋１０％ＦＣＳ；ＰＤＷＨＦ组：ＢＭ＋１％ＰＤＷＨＦ、ＢＭ＋３％ＰＤＷＨＦ、ＢＭ＋５％ＰＤＷＨＦ、ＢＭ＋７％ＰＤＷＨＦ、ＢＭ＋１０     

加味小承气颗粒剂对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞合成白三烯B4？…

目的：研究加味小承气（ＸｉａｏＣｈｅｎｇＱｉ，ＸＣＱ）颗粒剂治疗腹腔炎症机理与小（大）鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（ＭΦ）合成释放白三烯Ｂ４以及对细胞内游离钙浓度的影响，方法 应用高效液椒色谱分析ＬＴＢ４，应用Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ及荧光分光光度计测定细胞内钙离子浓度。结果 不同浓度的ＸＣＱ颗粒剂（０．１５～１０ｇ／Ｌ）明显抑制大鼠（ＭΦ）合成释放白三烯Ｂ４并抑制小鼠细胞内钙离子释放（静止期细胞内钙离子浓度为６３．     

前列腺增生组织中血管形成的研究

目的探讨血管形成在良性前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）发病中作用及其与ｂＦＧＦ、ＰＣＮＡ之间的相关关系。方法应用免疫组化结合计算机图像分析方法检测第Ⅷ因子相关抗原、ｂＦＧＦ和ＰＣＮＡ在１８例正常前列腺（ＮＰ）和６２例ＢＰＨ中的表达及其相关关系。结果ＢＰＨ组织中微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）、ｂＦＧＦ和ＰＣＮＡ指数均显著高于ＮＰ;ＢＰＨ的ＭＶＤ与间质的面积百分比、ｂＦＧＦ表达和ＰＣＮＡ指数均呈正相关,而与上皮面积百分比负相关;ＮＰ的ＭＶＤ仅与间质的ＰＣＮＡ指数正相关。结论血管形成增多与ＢＰＨ的发生、发展有密切关系,尤其对间质细胞增殖、增生的作用更为显著,而ｂＦＧＦ异常表达可能是血管形成增多的主要原因之一。     

绝经后女性的体成分与年龄和绝经的关系及其对不同部位骨密度的影响

目的 调查绝经后女性的体成分与年龄、绝经年龄、绝经年限和腰椎、髋部BMD之间的关系.方法 用双能X线骨密度仪测量919例绝经后女性的体成分、正位腰椎和髋部BMD.结果 下身脂肪量、全身脂肪量和全身瘦组织量与年龄、绝经年龄和绝经年限都相关(P＜0.05～0.01),但只有绝经年限进入体成分的多元逐步回归方程,采用复合或三次回归模型拟合优度最佳.体成分随绝经年限的延长有下降趋势.绝经10年以上女性的下身脂肪量和全身瘦组织量显著减少,分别较绝经年限5年以内女性下降8.6%和3.1%.所有部位的体成分与所测区域的BMD 均呈正相关(P＜0.05～0.01),控制体重变量后,仅有全身脂肪量与腰椎BMD 呈正相关(P＜0.05),而全身瘦组织量与髋部BMD 呈正相关(P＜0.05).多元逐步回归分析发现体成分是影响腰椎和髋部BMD的一个重要因素,但对腰椎BMD影响最大的是全身脂肪量,而对髋部BMD影响最大的是全身瘦组织量.BMD 越低者,全身脂肪量和全身瘦组织量也越低,组间比较有显著性差异.结论 绝经后女性的体成分与年龄、绝经年龄、绝经年限和腰椎、髋部BMD相关,其中,绝经年限对体成分的影响最大,体成分组分对BMD的影响存在部位差异.     

Analysis of factors affecting increase in bone mineral density at lumbar spine by bisphosphonate treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis

Bisphosphonate is an effective drug to reduce fracture risk in osteoporotic patients; however, factors affecting the efficacy of bisphosphonate treatment are not fully known, especially in Japanese patients. In the present study, we examined the relationships between an increase in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) by bisphosphonates and several pretreatment parameters, including biochemical, bone/mineral, and body composition indices, in 85 postmenopausal osteoporotic patients treated with alendronate or risedronate. BMD increase was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine before and 2 years after treatment. BMD increase at the lumbar spine was observed as independent of age, height, weight, body mass index, and fat mass, although lean body mass seemed slightly related. On the other hand, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were significantly and positively related to BMD increase at the lumbar spine. In multiple regression analysis, FPG levels were not significantly related to BMD increase at the lumbar spine when lean body mass was considered. As for bone/mineral parameters, BMD increase at the lumbar spine was not significantly related to serum levels of calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and alkaline phosphatase or urinary levels of deoxypiridinoline and calcium excretion. As for BMD parameters, Z-scores of BMD at any site and bone geometry parameters obtained by forearm peripheral quantitative computed tomography were not significantly related to BMD increase at the lumbar spine. BMD increases at the lumbar spine were similar between groups with or without vertebral fractures. In conclusion, BMD increase at the lumbar spine by bisphosphonate treatment was not related to any pretreatment parameters, including body size, body composition, and bone/mineral metabolism in postmenopausal Japanese women with primary osteoporosis, although FPG correlated partly to BMD through lean body mass.     

Lean mass as a significant determinant of regional and total body bone mineral density in premenopausal women

We investigated the relations of body composition to regional and total body bone mineral density (BMD) in 275 healthy Japanese premenopausal women (mean age, 37.1 ± 9.2 years; range, 16–55 years). In all subjects, the right side was dominant. BMD of the head, bilateral arms, lumbar spine (L2–L4), bilateral legs, and total body were measured using whole-body scanning by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Total fat mass, total lean mass, regional lean mass, and regional fat mass were measured by DXA. Baseline characteristics including age, height, body weight, and body mass index were recorded for each subject. Possible correlations between regional or total body BMD with variables were determined on univariate and stepwise multiple regression analysis. BMD, lean mass, and fat mass were compared between the bilateral extremities. Total lean mass for the right arm, regional lean mass for the left arm, total lean mass for the lumbar spine, body weight for the bilateral legs, and total lean mass for the whole body were the most significant determinants of BMD on stepwise multiple regression analysis. Right-arm BMD was significantly higher than left-arm BMD. However, no significant difference was observed between BMD in the right and left legs. We concluded that lean mass is a more significant determinant of regional and total body BMD than fat mass in premenopausal women. Received: June 12, 1997 / Accepted: Oct. 23, 1997     

The Associations of Body Composition and Fat Distribution With Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Italian Men and Women

This study aimed to investigate the associations of body composition and fat distribution with bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly Italian subjects. In 866 women (age 64.2 ± 6.5 yr) and 168 men (age 65.1 ± 6.1 yr), we measured BMD at lumbar spine, at femur, at the total body, and at the right hand. In all subjects, we also measured sex hormones, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, bone markers, and calcium intake. In both men and women, all body composition parameters had significant positive correlations with BMD at all sites after adjusting for age only; after adjusting also for body weight only lean mass (LM) remained positively associated with BMD at all sites except BMD at lumbar spine. In males, LM was associated with BMD at all sites, whereas android fat was associated with BMD at lumbar spine, at femur, and at whole body. In females, fat mass (FM) was positively and age inversely associated with BMD at all sites, whereas gynoid fat and alkaline phosphatase were inversely associated with BMD at lumbar spine and at femur. In conclusion, the role of LM seems more important in males, whereas in women the role of FM prevails with negative associations between gynoid fat and BMD.     

Leptin,Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women

Body weight is known to be associated with bone mass, however, it is unclear whether body composition, as reflected by the percent of total weight that is fat tissue (%fat), is associated with bone mass independently of weight. Fat tissue is metabolically active, and hormonal factors may mediate an association of %fat with bone mass. Leptin, a hormone produced in fat tissue, has recently been shown to be inversely related to bone mass in mice, but whether it is related to human bone mass is uncertain. We sought to investigate the associations of %fat and of serum leptin concentration with bone mineral density (BMD) in a cohort of 153 premenopausal women. BMD measurements of the total hip, lumbar spine and total body as well as body composition were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum leptin levels were established using a commercial competitive binding assay. Individually, body weight, %fat and leptin were each positively associated with BMD at all three sites. However, when we examined BMD either as a function of both body weight and %fat together, or as a function of both body weight and leptin together, we found that for a given body weight, BMD appeared to be inversely associated with %fat and similarly appeared to be inversely associated with leptin. When BMD was examined as a function of %fat and leptin together, we found that for a given %fat, leptin appeared to be inversely associated with BMD. In summary, the results of this study suggest that for a given body weight, a higher proportion of fat and a higher serum leptin concentration have negative associations with bone mass in premenopausal women. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-9-001. Any questions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This work was presented in part as an abstract at the ASBMR meeting in October 2001.     

Effects of the interaction between lean tissue mass and estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism on bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly Japanese

Because both genetic and environmental factors influence bone mass, it is important to examine the effect of gene-environment interactions on bone mineral density (BMD) for the prevention of osteoporosis at an individual level. Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) plays an important role in increasing BMD via mechanical strain and muscle mass is a reflection of the forces the muscle applies to the bone. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the interaction between lean tissue mass (LTM) and the ER alpha polymorphisms T-->C (PvuII) [dbSNP: rs2234693] and A-->G (XbaI) [dbSNP: rs9340799] on BMD in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Subjects were 2209 community-dwelling Japanese men and women, ages 40 to 79 years. ER alpha polymorphisms in the first intron, T-->C and A-->G were identified and lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD and LTM were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Both T-->C and A-->G polymorphisms were divided into two genotype groups (TT vs. TC/CC; AA vs. AG/GG). In postmenopausal women, the effect of LTM on femoral neck BMD was significantly larger for those with the TC/CC genotype than for those with the TT genotype for the T-->C polymorphism, and larger for those with the AG/GG genotype than for those with the AA genotype for the A-->G polymorphism. This gene-LTM interaction was observed at the femoral neck, but not at the lumbar spine. For men and premenopausal women, no gene-LTM interaction was found. In conclusion, there was an interaction between LTM and the ER alpha T-->C and A-->G polymorphisms with respect to their effect on femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women and those with the TC/CC and AG/GG genotypes had larger effects of LTM than those with TT and AA genotypes.     

Relationship between bone mineral density of the proximal femur and lumbar spine and quadriceps and hamstrings torque in healthy Japanese subjects

The purpose of this study was to examine the corelations between the muscle torque of the leg extensors (quadriceps femoris) and leg flexors (Hamstrings) and the bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur and lumbar spine. To investigate the decline in BMD of proximal femur and lumbar spine, we examined the relative importance of muscle torque, age, and body weight in the prediction of BMD in 340 healthy volunteers (109 males, and 231 females). Age and body weight were independent predictors of femoral BMD in men. Body weight and quadriceps torque were independent predictors of femoral BMD in premenopausal women. Body weight and years after menopause were independent predictors of BMD in postmenopausal women. The BMD was greatly affected by menopause, whereas the muscle torque was independent of the menopause, and showed the negative relationship to age. These results suggest that muscle-building exercise may have the potentiality to elevate the BMD in the proximal femur in premenopausal women.     

肠炎性病变患者骨密度测量的临床意义

目的　研究肠炎性病变时骨密度的变化及其临床意义。方法　对３０ 例肠炎性疾病者及３０例健康者,用双能Ｘ 线吸收法（ＤＸＡ）做了全身、腰椎２～４、股骨颈的骨密度测量和肌肉组织以及体脂肪量测量。并作了比较性研究。结果　肠炎性疾病易并发骨质疏松。骨质疏松似有选择性。股骨颈骨量减少较腰椎者明显,故前者宜作为首选受检部位。全身肌肉组织量与全身骨密度正相关。肌肉量测量可反映骨量增减。结论　肠炎性疾病可并发骨质疏松。为预测、预防骨质疏松,密切观察股骨颈骨密度和肌肉量的变化是必要的。     

Screening for osteopenia and osteoporosis: Selection by body composition

There is a great need for simple means of identifying persons at low risk of developing osteoporosis, in order to exclude them from screening with bone mineral measurements, since this procedure is too expensive and time-consuming for general use in the unselected population. We have determined the relationships between body measure (weight, height, body mass index, lean tissue mass, fat mass, waist-to-hip ratio) and bone mineral density (BMD) in 175 women of ages 28–74 years in a cross-sectional study in a county in central Sweden. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed at three sites: total body, L2-4 region of lumbar spine, and neck region of the proximal femur. Using multiple linear regression models, the relationship between the dependent variable, BMD, and each of the body measures was determined, with adjustment for confounding factors. Weight alone, in a multivariate model, explained 28%, 21% and 15% of the variance in BMD of total body, at the lumbar spine and at the femoral neck according to these models. The WHO definition of osteopenia was used to dichotomize BMD, which made it possible, in multivariate logistic regression models, to estimate the risk of osteopenia with different body measures categorized into tertiles. Weight of over 71 kg was associated with a very low risk of being osteopenic compared with women weighing less than 64 kg, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.01 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00–0.09), 0.06 (CI 0.02–0.22) and 0.13 (CI 0.04–0.42) for osteopenia of total body, lumbar spine and femoral neck, respectively. Furthermore a sensitivity/specificity analysis revealed that, in this population, a woman weighing over 70 kg is not likely to have osteoporosis. Test specifics of a weight under 70 kg for osteoporosis (BMD less than 2.5 SD compared with normal young women) of femoral neck among the postmenopausal women showed a sensitivity of 0.94, a specificity of 0.36, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.21, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.97. Thus, exclusion of the 33% of women with the highest weight meant only that 3% of osteoporotic cases were missed. The corresponding figures for lumbar spine were sensitivity 0.89, specificity 0.38, PPV 0.33, and NPV 0.91. All women who were defined as being osteoporotic of total body weighed under 62 kg. When the intention was to identify those with osteopenia of total body among the postmenopausal women we attained a sensitivity of 0.92 and a NPV of 0.91 for a weight under 70 kg, whereas we found that weight could not be used as an exclusion criterion for osteopenia of femoral neck and lumbar spine. Our data thus indicate that weight could be used to exclude women from a screening program for postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

Influence of Weight Gain on Spine Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women

We studied the relationships between weight variables and spine bone mineral density (BMD) in 183 postmenopausal women aged 34–76 years. There was a significant positive correlation of current body mass index (cBMI) and % of ideal body weight (IBW) with BMD. Moreover, the increase in BMI and % IBW was also positively and significantly associated with a higher age-adjusted lumbar BMD. Weight gain, estimated as the difference between current body weight and past ``ideal' body weight, was associated with significant age-adjusted BMD with a threshold of 17%, and postmenopausal women with a gain of over 17% had significantly higher spine BMD. Received: 21 October 1997 / Accepted: 6 October 1998