医学名词术语查询方法

本刊要求来稿使用规范的名词术语,作者可以通过"全国科学技术名词审定委员会"和"中医药学名词审定委员会"网站对有关规范的名词术语进行查询。全国科学技术名词审定委员会网址:http://www.term.gov.cn中医药学名词审定委员会网址:http://www.cttcm.com.cn     

更正启事

本刊2014年第14卷第5期《我国基本药物制度研究现状分析》一文作如下更正:1.页576:"表1 PubMed和CNKI检索策略"改为"框1 PubMed和CNKI检索策略"。2.页575:"图2我国基本药物制度研究文献年发表量变化趋势"改为:3.页577:2.2.4节第2段段末,删去"、湖南省(3次)"。4.页578:表4第2行合计改为395(24.58%),第4行合计改为225(14.00%)。5.页580:2.5.3.2节段末,"140人"改为"1 440人"。     

太极拳锻炼周期对原发性高血压的血压及心血管危险因素的影响:系统性评价和Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析系统性评价太极拳锻炼持续周期是否影响原发性高血压患者的治疗效果,为原发性高血压患者提供合理的运动干预方案。方法 检索从中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Science Direct、Web Of Science等电子数库中关于太极拳对原发性高血压治疗效果的随机对照试验,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终筛选21篇文献,总计有2 129名参与者。Meta分析结果提示:与对照组相比太极拳锻炼持续周期12周以上更有利于收缩压[M D=-10.20,95% C I(-14.57,-5.83)]和舒张压[M D=-5.12,95% C I(-7.63,-2.60)]水平的降低;能提高原发性高血压患者NO含量[M D=6.87,95% C I(4.83,8.90)];改善高血压患者除HDL-C之外的血脂代谢水平:TC[M D=-0.51,95% C I(-0.69,-0.33)]、TG[M D=-0.72,95% C I(-1.09,-0.36)]、LDL-C[M D=-0.59,95% C I(-0.87,-0.32)]。亚组分析结果提示运动频率≥5次/周、运动时间<60 min/d有较好的降压效果。结论 Meta分析表明,与其他持续周期相比,太极拳锻炼持续周期12周以上,每次运动时长控制在60 min以内,每周运动5次以上对降低血压水平、提高NO含量,改善血脂代谢效果最为明显,应值得在临床上推广。     

中药促进间充质干细胞的增殖与分化☆

背景:间充质干细胞是再生医学研究的热点,中药干预间充质干细胞为再生医学的研究注入了新的活力.目的:回顾与总结近年来间充质干细胞研究过程中加入中药干预的研究,旨在进一步探索中医药与间充质干细胞研究的结合点和发展趋势.方法:以"中药"或"中草药"和"间充质干细胞"为检索词,检索CNKI数据库,以 "traditional Chinese medicine"或"herbal medicine"或"Botanical Drugs"和"mesenchymal stem cells" 为检索词检索Pubmed医学数据库.结果与结论:检索到符合纳入标准的文献共35篇.结果显示许多中药及复方对间充质干细胞增殖与分化有促进作用,具有安全、易于在临床推广使用等特点.而且中药在间充质干细胞体内存活等方面具有重大潜力.     

龟地苁星颗粒治疗帕金森病症状波动31例自身对照观察

目的:观察中药龟地苁星颗粒对帕金森病多巴丝肼治疗后症状波动的临床疗效.方法:选取31例已经出现疗效减退及"开关"现象的帕金森病患者,加用龟地苁星颗粒治疗8周.结果:治疗后Webster评分、UPDRSII-III评分均有改善,"开"期延长、"关"期缩短,同时左旋多巴用量减少.结论:龟地苁星颗粒能显著改善帕金森病的症状波动如疗效减退及"开关"现象.     

作者投稿须知北大核心CSCD

1.按本刊要求写作:登录《中华血液学杂志》网站(htp://www.hematoline.com),参见首页作者中心栏中的"投稿须知"及"写作指导"栏目。2.作者注册:请打开本刊网站首页点击"在线投稿"即进人中华医学会网站(htp:/cmaes.medline.org.cn)。在网站首页注册并申请为杂志作者(用户名和密码为您在中华医学会统一的登录信息,请牢记!忘记密码可通过电子信箱索取)。     

简讯

如何在网上查阅本刊1.登录"中国知网",网址:www.cnki.net,在搜索栏键入:临床和实验医学杂志;即出现文章简介,文献来自"临床和实验医学杂志",点击杂志名,新页面显示本刊信息和各年度各期,点击期数即可查阅该期文章。2.登录"万方数据资源系统",网址:www.wanfangdata.com.cn,在数字化期刊项下点击"医药卫生"进入新页面,在刊名检索栏键入"临床和实验医学杂志",点击检索,点击【刊首页】即可看到本刊信息和各年度期刊,点击期数可查阅该期文章。3.登录"中文科技期刊数据库",网址:http://www.cqvip.com/,进入"期刊导航"页面,在刊名检索栏键入"临床和…     

"无痛康复治疗"的判断方法与实施技巧

目的:探讨"无痛康复治疗"的判断方法与实施技巧.方法:疼痛是影响人们正常生活、工作和学习的严重问题,而康复医疗过程中的"有痛康复治疗"会加重患者痛苦,实施"无痛康复治疗"应该受到足够重视.在寻求"无痛康复治疗"方法过程中解决了"无痛康复治疗"的判断方式与实施技巧问题,使"无痛康复治疗"得以顺利实施.结果:近年来作者采用"治疗过程中监控"疼痛应邀反应方法之后,患者疼痛减轻、治疗性损伤减少而治疗有效率并没有下降.结论:通过从"有痛康复治疗"到"无痛康复治疗"的实践、研究、再实践,证明"无痛康复治疗"既能改善功能又不致造成治疗性损伤,证明实施"无痛康复治疗"是可行的.     

超声心动图漏诊右心房异物1例

患者男,22岁.因"反复发热2年余"入院.患者自述2年前无明显诱因反复发热,最高达40℃,伴寒战、咳嗽,右侧胸闷痛.曾以多种抗生素治疗效果欠佳.体格检查未见异常.既往史:2年余前曾有"菌血症"病史,否认手术、外伤史.入院诊断:发热查因(炎症?肿瘤?).胸部X线:两肺炎症.肺部CT:(1)右肺中叶内侧段浅分叶状软组织密度...     

小儿左室心肌致密化不全合并支原体感染1例

患儿女,9岁5个月,因"心脏彩超异常3个月"于2011年8月5日入院.患儿3个月前因咳嗽于我院就诊,胸片:心影增大.UCG:左房增大,左室后壁运动减弱,室间隔稍增厚,心包积液.外院头孢类抗感染(具体不详)6d,咳嗽稍减轻,停止治疗.1周前患儿出现颜面浮肿,外院UCG:中量心包积液.腹部B超:腹腔积液.予"阿莫西林舒巴坦"静滴及"呋塞米"口服4d,颜面浮肿消退,入住我院.查体:消瘦,颜面及双下肢无浮肿,肺部听诊未及罗音,心脏听诊及第三心音,心前区稍隆起,腹软,肝右肋下5 cm,质中,脾未触及肿大.     

The acoustic characteristics of the skull

Many investigators have stated that the difficulties of imaging with acoustical energy through the skull result from the marked attenuation of the energy by the skull. In the literature measurements of total attenuation have been confused with those for absorption.Measurements made by us show that absorption by compact bone varies between 2–3 dB cm^?1 MHz^?1 and, in the low megaHertz region appears to be directly proportional to frequency.It has also between shown that the convoluted inner surface of the ivory bone of the inner table of the skull may degrade the collimation and directionality of the beam by refraction.Cancellous bone, such as is present in the dipole of the skull, greatly attenuates the energy. It is postulated that this largely results from scattering. It is also postulated that the energy propagates through cancellous bone as two components, one in the soft tissues and the other partly in the bony spicules. Observations suggest that attenuation due to scattering much more markedly affects the latter of these components and scatters more greatly the higher frequencies in a pulse of broad bandwidth.The energy in each component has varying propagation paths so that the later cycles in the pulse of each component are subject to increasing interference as a result of the variations in propagation times. The two components moreover may have different propagation times so that interference may occur between the pulses of each component as well.All of these phenomena degrade the collimation, coherence, directionality, beam width, pulse length, frequency and other properties of the ultrasonic energy upon which imaging through the skull depends.The interference effects described above are least for the first cycle in the pulse which usually is not the cycle of highest amplitude. Since, in the free field, most of the energy is concentrated around the beam axis, most of the energy in the field which is deflected from its normal propagation path is deflected away from the beam axis. Thus the directionality of the beam is least degraded in the beam axis. The effects of the skull in degrading the properties of the ultrasonic pulse would therefore be lessened if the amplitude of the first cycle of the pulse and the directionality of its energy could be used for imaging.     

儿童遗传性心律失常的诊治进展

回顾在遗传性心律失常领域最新发表的相关研究,主要关注与儿童心源性猝死关系密切的离子通道病,包括长QT综合征（LQTS）、短QT综合征（SQTS）、Brugada综合征（BrS）和儿茶酚胺敏感性多形性室性心动过速（CPVT）,总结它们在发病机制及诊治方面的进展。     

Organ Preservation: Current Concepts and New Strategies for the Next Decade

SUMMARY: Organ transplantation has developed over the past 50 years to reach the sophisticated and integrated clinical service of today through several advances in science. One of the most important of these has been the ability to apply organ preservation protocols to deliver donor organs of high quality, via a network of organ exchange to match the most suitable recipient patient to the best available organ, capable of rapid resumption of life-sustaining function in the recipient patient. This has only been possible by amassing a good understanding of the potential effects of hypoxic injury on donated organs, and how to prevent these by applying organ preservation. This review sets out the history of organ preservation, how applications of hypothermia have become central to the process, and what the current status is for the range of solid organs commonly transplanted. The science of organ preservation is constantly being updated with new knowledge and ideas, and the review also discusses what innovations are coming close to clinical reality to meet the growing demands for high quality organs in transplantation over the next few years.     

2017年呼吸疾病主要进展

2017年,国内外学者在呼吸系统疾病的临床和基础领域均进行了深入研究,不仅对相关指南进行了更新,并且针对一些临床热点、难点问题达成专家共识,现就2017年呼吸疾病相关进展作一简单介绍。     

家族性噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症1例并文献复习

目的加强对家族性噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症（familially hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,FHL）的认识。方法报道确诊为FHL的新病例1例,结合国内外报道的FHL的病例,对该病的临床特点进行汇总分析。结果FHL2常与PRF1基因突变相关,约20%~40%的患者存在穿孔素基因突变。结论对于有阳性家族史,基因诊断明确,应尽早行化疗或者造血干细胞移植。若无家族史,未发现与继发性HLH相关的原发病因,可考虑行基因筛查以明确是否存在FHL的可能。     

COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 vaccine‐related dermatological reactions: An interesting case series with a narrative review of the potential critical and non‐critical mucocutaneous adverse effects related to virus,therapy, and the vaccination

This narrative review article was conducted to lay out a summarized but exhaustive review of current literature over mucocutaneous manifestations in 4 dimensions of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: virus itself, treatment‐related, vaccine‐induced, and alteration of chronic dermatologic diseases following infection. Virus and vaccine‐related were mainly self‐limited and non‐severe. Treatment‐related reactions could be life‐threatening.     

动态心电图临床操作标准化方法

动态心电图,又称Holter或Holter检查,是一种评价各种心脏病患者心电图异常的简便、高效、准确、安全的无创检查,广泛用于心律失常的相关症状评价,心肌缺血的诊断,心脏病患者的预后和日常生活能力评估,药物疗效评价,起搏器等埋藏式心脏电治疗装置监测等领域。目前动态心电图已广泛用于于临床各级医疗机构,为了更好地发挥其作用,有必要对该项技术进行规范化培训。本文参考相关指南、共识及专家建议,结合作者经验,撰写动态心电图临床操作标准化方法供临床使用时参考。     

Burkitt's lymphoma of maxillary gingiva: A case report

Burkitt's lymphoma(BL) is an aggressive form of nonHodgkin's B-cell lymphoma with three variants namely endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency-associated types. It is endemic in Africa and sporadic in other parts of the world. While the endemic form is widely reported to occur in early childhood and commonly involves the jaw bones, the sporadic form typically presents as an abdominal mass. This presentation reports a rare case of sporadic form of BL clinically manifesting as a generalized gingival enlargement in an immunocompetent adult male which demonstrated an aggressive behavior. The patient reported with a prominent anterior gingival swelling of 6 mo duration which slowly enlarged in size and associated with multiple lymph node involvement. Microscopic examination of the lesion using H, E and immunohistochemical diagnosis confirmed the diagnosis as BL. The patient succumbed to the disease before any therapy could be instituted. Since a wide array of causes can be attributed to gingival enlargements, it is necessary to consider malignancies as one of the important differential diagnosis so as to facilitate the need for appropriate diagnosis and prompt treatment.     

甲状旁腺功能减退性心肌病的系统综述

目的 甲状旁腺功能减退（甲旁减）性心肌病是一种罕见的心脏疾病,为扩张型心肌病中少数可逆转的一种,常被误诊为不明原因或难治性心力衰竭。本文旨在探寻甲旁减性心肌病的规律性特征。方法 检索Pubmed、SinoMed、万方数据库中符合标准的甲旁减性心肌病病例,采用统计分组法对纳入研究的文献进行分析,依据系统综述和meta分析优先报告条目（PRISMA声明）进行报告。结果 在我们筛查出的41例患者中,女性居多（68.29%）,平均年龄为45.5岁,各年龄段均有发病。甲旁减性心肌病最常见的病因为特发性甲旁减（78.05%）,颈部手术导致的甲旁减性心肌病次之（17.07%）。患者均以心力衰竭就诊,伴不同程度的低钙血症。51%的患者有神经肌肉兴奋性增加的病史,90%的患者左心室射血分数降低。该病误诊漏诊率较高,仅36%的患者于入院后即明确诊断为甲旁减性心肌病。低血钙的纠正是治疗的关键,90%的患者心脏功能在血钙浓度正常化后恢复至正常。结论 对所有不明原因或难治性心力衰竭患者都应警惕甲旁减性心肌病的可能。