胃镜下注射去甲肾上腺素及静注泮托拉唑联合金属钛夹治疗消化性溃疡并出血的疗效观察

目的分析胃镜下注射去甲肾上腺素及静注泮托拉唑联合金属钛夹治疗消化性溃疡并出血的疗效。方法回顾性分析湖北省武汉市新洲区人民医院给予胃镜下注射去甲肾上腺素+静注泮托拉唑治疗(对照组)及静注泮托拉唑+胃镜下注射去甲肾上腺素+金属钛夹治疗(观察组)的消化性溃疡并出血患者各63例临床资料。记录两组止血效果、治疗7 d内呕血、黑便发生次数及住院时间、不良反应发生情况,并比较治疗前及治疗3 d后脉搏、休克指数(SI)差异。结果观察组12 h内止血率及48 h内止血率明显高于对照组(P0.05),而48 h后活动性出血率、治疗7 d内呕血、黑便发生次数及住院时间均低于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗3 d后,两组脉搏、SI均较治疗前降低(P0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。结论静注泮托拉唑+胃镜下注射去甲肾上腺素+金属钛夹治疗消化性溃疡并出血效果更佳,不仅能尽快止血,且不良反应较少,于促进患者生命体征平稳也有利。     

金属钛夹联合肾上腺素和立止血内镜下局部注药对消化性溃疡出血的疗效观察

目的探讨内镜下金属钛夹联合肾上腺素和立止血治疗消化性溃疡合并上消化道出血的治疗效果。方法选取108例确诊消化性溃疡合并上消化道出血患者为受试对象,采用随机数字表法将患者均分为A、B、C三组,各36例。A组予以内镜下金属钛夹止血方案;B组在A组治疗基础上联合局部喷洒、注射肾上腺素方案;C组在B组治疗基础上联合局部喷洒、注射立止血方案。对比三组患者止血效果,记录治疗后1周内呕血次数及黑便次数,分析治疗前后血压、脉搏等体征变化情况,记录不良反应及并发症发生情况。结果 1C组立即止血率、48 h内止血率分别为83.3%和94.4%,均显著高于A、B组;手术率、治疗1周内再出血率则为0.0%和5.6%,均显著低于A、B组(P0.05);治疗1周后,C组呕血次数、黑便次数分别为(0.5±0.2)次和(0.6±0.3)次,均显著低于A、B组(P0.05);A、B组上述指标对比无统计学意义(P0.05)。2治疗3 d后,三组患者脉搏次数均较治疗前显著降低,且血压较治疗前显著提升(P0.05);其中A组血压显著低于B、C组,脉搏次数则显著高于B、C组(P0.05),B、C组在上述指标对比上无统计学意义(P0.05)。3三组患者治疗后均无不良反应及并发症发生。结论将内镜下金属钛夹联合局部喷洒、注射肾上腺素+立止血的方案应用于消化性溃疡合并上消化道出血患者的临床治疗中,止血效果确切,安全性理想。     

胃镜介入治疗消化性溃疡的临床可行性及应用优势

目的:探讨使用胃镜介入的方法治疗消化性溃疡在临床上的可行性以及其应用优势所在.方法:收集武汉市黄陂区人民医院108例消化性溃疡出血病例,随机分为胃镜组和保守组.胃镜组使用胃镜介入治疗的方法,保守组使用传统保守静脉滴注奥美拉唑.对比胃镜组和保守组患者一般资料、止血时间和成功率、治疗效果和不良反应.结果:两组患者一般资料差异有可比性(P0.05).胃镜组患者的止血时间显著小于保守组,两者间差异有统计学意义(P0.01);胃镜组的止血成功率比保守组要更高,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05).胃镜组患者的显效数和有效数均多于保守组,总有效率的差异有显著统计学意义(P0.01).胃镜组不良反应的发生率比保守组低得多,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P0.01).结论:胃镜介入治疗消化性溃疡有较强的临床可行性,和传统保守治疗相比有很大的应用优势,可以进一步临床推广应用.     

尼龙绳联合金属夹止血与生物蛋白胶联合金属夹止血对消化性溃疡出血的疗效比较

目的探讨经内镜尼龙绳联合金属夹套扎止血与生物蛋白胶局部喷洒联合金属夹止血对消化性溃疡并出血的疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年12月我院内镜中心36例患者应用生物蛋白胶联合金属夹治疗直径1 cm的消化性溃疡并出血的临床资料(对照组)及2014年1月至2016年6月我院内镜中心32例患者应用尼龙绳套扎联合金属夹治疗直径1 cm的消化性溃疡并出血的临床资料(治疗组),观察即时止血成功率、术后短期再出血率,对比两种止血方式的疗效和安全性。结果治疗组32例均成功即时止血,对照组成功即时止血30例,止血成功率83.33%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组1周内再出血1例,复发率3.13%,对照组1周内再出血7例,复发率30.43%,两组再出血率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经内镜尼龙绳联合金属夹套扎治疗消化性大溃疡并出血安全、有效。     

比较泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑对消化性溃疡出血患者止血效果、不良反应及复发率的影响

目的比较不同药物对消化性溃疡出血患者止血效果、不良反应及复发率的影响.方法随机选取衢州市人民医院2014-05/2016-05收治的80例消化性溃疡出血患者,依据治疗方法将这些患者分为泮托拉唑组(n=40)和奥美拉唑组(n=40)两组,对两组患者的黑便次数、呕血次数、出血量、出血停止时间、临床疗效、不良反应发生情况及复发情况进行统计分析.结果治疗后1、3 d泮托拉唑组患者的出血量均显著少于奥美拉唑组(P0.05),出血停止时间显著短于奥美拉唑组(P0.05);两组患者治疗的总有效率97.5%(39/40)、95.0%(38/40),不良反应发生率及复发率之间的差异均不显著(P0.05).结论泮托拉唑对消化性溃疡出血患者止血效果较奥美拉唑好,更能早期有效减少患者的出血量,缩短患者的出血停止时间,但二者对患者不良反应发生率及复发率的影响之间的差异均不显著.     

内镜下注射治疗消化性溃疡出血

目的 探讨内镜下注射止血的临床应用及意义。方法 2001年7月至2002年8月因呕血和（或）黑便入院，经紧急内镜检查确诊为消化性溃疡并出血患者81例，分成内科保守治疗和内镜注射止血治疗二组，内镜组在内科保守治疗的基础上于出血灶注射HLGE液。结果 内镜组42例，止血成功率95.24％，对照组39例，止血成功率79．49％，二组有显著性差异。结论 内镜注射止血治疗简单有效，可降低手术率和再出血率。     

泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗消化性溃疡出血治疗效果对比

目的对比评价泮托拉唑与奥美拉唑治疗消化性溃疡出血的疗效.方法本研究收集湖北省潜江市中心医院消化内科住院部2016-03/2016-12期间确诊并纳入治疗的消化性溃疡出血患者80例作为研究对象,根据治疗方案分为奥美拉唑组(n=40)与泮托拉唑组(n=40).对比2组患者在临床疗效、出血情况以及呕血、黑便等临床指标方面的差异.结果对比临床总有效率,泮托拉唑组与奥美拉唑组均为95.00%(38/40),无显著差异(P0.05).对比出血情况,泮托拉唑组治疗第1天出血量为153.2 mL±15.6 mL,治疗第3天出血量为12.1 mL±2.5 mL,出血停止时间为1.3 d±0.4 d,均显著低于奥美拉唑组,对比有显著差异(P0.05).对比临床治疗,泮托拉唑组呕血次数平均为0.2次±0.1次,黑便次数平均为0.9次±0.2次,均显著低于奥美拉唑组,对比有显著差异(P0.05).对比胃内酸碱度,泮托拉唑组24 h胃内酸碱值平均为6.7 pH±0.2pH,显著高于奥美拉唑组,酸碱度达4.0时间平均为18.1 min±2.5 min,酸碱度达6.0时间平均为31.5 min±1.2 min,均显著短于奥美拉唑组,对比有显著差异(P0.05).结论泮托拉唑治疗消化性溃疡出血的临床疗效与奥美拉唑相当,但在控制出血、缩短出血时间以及缓解呕血黑便等症状上效果更为确切,有临床推广实践价值.     

内镜止血联合PPI抑制剂静脉泵入治疗老年消化性溃疡出血的临床疗效

目的:观察内镜止血联合PPI抑制剂静脉泵入对老年消化性溃疡出血患者的疗效。方法:选取老年消化性溃疡出血患者84例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组42例,对照组给予单纯静脉泵入埃索美拉唑治疗,治疗组患者先在内镜下行止血治疗,随后联合静脉泵入埃索美拉唑。观察2组患者治疗后的止血效果、临床预后情况。结果:治疗后治疗组患者的平均止血时间、输血量和住院时间均明显低于对照组(均P0.05)。治疗组48 h内出血停止患者明显多于对照组(88.09%vs 80.95%,P0.05);治疗组转开腹手术治疗和发生止血后再出血各1例,明显少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组(95.23%vs 85.71%,P0.05)。结论:内镜下止血联合PPI抑制剂静脉泵入治疗老年消化性溃疡出血,止血有效率高,平均止血时间、住院时间短,是临床上有效的止血方法。     

内镜下注射治疗消化性溃疡并出血的临床应用评价

目的探讨内镜下注射止血的临床意义。方法2001年7月至2002年8月因呕血和(或)黑便入院，经紧急内镜检查确诊为消化性溃疡并出血患81例．分成内科保守治疗和内镜注射止血治疗二组，内镜组在内科保守治疗的基础上，内镜下于出血灶注射HLGE液。结果内镜组42例，止血成功率95．24％，对照组39例，止血成功率79．49％，二组有显性差异。结论内镜注射止血治疗简单有效，降低手术率和再出血率。     

老年人与非老年人消化性溃疡临床特征的异同

目的 探讨老年人与非老年人消化性溃疡不同的临床特征,以期早期正确诊断.方法 对比分析两组患者的临床资料,包括诱发因素、临床症状、临床特征(溃疡部位)、伴随疾病、并发症等.结果 嗜好烟酒与刺激性食物,非老年组显著高于老年组(P＜0.05),服用阿司匹林和非甾体抗炎药,老年组显著高于非老年组(P＜0.01),紧张、劳累:非老年组高于老年组(P＜0.05),节律性腹痛非老年组高于老年组(P＜0.01),反酸、胃灼热非老年组显著高于老年组(P＜0.01),呕血和(或)黑便、无症状老年组显著高于非老年组(P＜0.01);老年人发病部位主要是胃溃疡,非老年组发病部位主要是十二指肠溃疡(P＜0.01);老年组复合性溃疡发病率高于非老年组(P＜0.01);老年组伴随疾病、出血、癌变率显著高于非老年组(P＜0.01).结论 老年人与非老年人消化性溃疡具有不同的临床特征.     

ACCURACY OF ENDOSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC PEPTIC ULCERS

Background: Recent progress in Helicobacter pylori eradication has resulted in dramatic improvements in the incidence of peptic ulcers and decreased rates of ulcer relapse. Because bleeding is an important complication of ulcer diseases, accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection is necessary. Methods: We studied the efficacy of diagnostic methods to detect H. pylori in hemorrhagic peptic ulcer patients. A total of 59 patients who had received emergency endoscopy because of symptoms such as hematemesis, melena or tarry stool, were examined. Endoscopic methods of H. pylori diagnosis (culture, histological assessment and rapid urease test) and serum anti‐H. pylori assays were used in the hemorrhagic peptic ulcer group and the control group. Results: The percentage of endoscopically determined H. pylori‐negative patients was significantly higher in the hemorrhagic ulcer group than the control group (P < 0.05). Out of the endoscopically determined H. pylori‐negative patients in the hemorrhagic ulcer group, 78.9% were serologically H. pylori‐positive. Conclusion: Endoscopic methods are not sufficient for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in hemorrhagic ulcer patients. Therefore, serum anti‐H. pylori assessment should also be performed for such patients.     

Oral Proton Pump Inhibitors Are as Effective as Endoscopic Treatment for Bleeding Peptic Ulcer: A Prospective,Randomized, Controlled Trial

In managing patients with bleeding peptic ulcers, it has been reported that pharmacologic treatment can be an alternative to endoscopic treatment. We compared the hemostasis rates of the endoscopic treatment, hemoclipping, and the phamacologic treatment, oral proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), in bleeding peptic ulcer. A randomized prospective study was performed on 129 bleeding peptic ulcer patients with hematemesis or melena. Sixty-two patients were treated by endoscopic hemoclipping and subsequently H₂ receptor antagonists were injected intravenously (hemoclipping group), and 67 patients were treated with an oral PPI without endoscopic treatment (PPI group). The 24-hr gastric pH test was performed sequentially following the treatment. The initial hemostasis rate of the hemoclipping group was 93.5% (58/62) and the rebleeding rate was 6.9% (4/58), and the hemostasis rate of the PPI group was 92.5% (62/67) and the rebleeding rate was 7.5% (5/67), which were not different. The 24-hr gastric pH was 4.54 ± 2.56 in the hemoclipping group and 5.97 ± 1.30 in the PPI group (P < 0.037). In the bleeding peptic ulcer patients, the hemostasis rate with the oral administration of PPIs was not different from that with the endoscopic hemoclipping treatment.     

Endoscopic hemostasis: Safe treatment for peptic ulcer patients aged 80 years or older?

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Recently, the number of peptic ulcer patients aged 80 years or older has been increasing. However, little information is available concerning therapeutic endoscopy for these patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding in patients aged 80 years or older. METHODS: In this 7-year study, bleeding peptic ulcer patients were divided into group A (>/=80 years old) and group B (<80 years), for which prospective data, endoscopic findings and outcomes of endoscopic treatment were compared. RESULTS: Of the 459 patients who underwent endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding, the 42 patients (average age 84 +/- 3 years) in group A had a significantly higher incidence of concomitant disease, lower hemoglobin, transfusional requirement over 800 mL and lower serum albumin than the 417 patients (average age 55 +/- 13 years) in group B. Significantly more patients in group A had large gastric ulcers. More patients in group A had ulcers located at the proximal third of the stomach, which is technically difficult to treat endoscopically. Nevertheless, all patients in groups A and B underwent initial hemostasis successfully. The rebleeding rate was not significantly different between group A and B. Neither group had hospital deaths nor complications related to endoscopic procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding in patients aged 80 years or older is effective and safe. Increasing age may no longer be a risk factor for rebleeding and hospital death after endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding.     

Gastric Ulcer Hemorrhage Treated by Endoscopic Hemostasis with Histoacryl

Abstract: We report a case of hemorrhagic gastric ulcer in which endoscopic injection of Histoacryl effectively achieved hemostasis. The patient was an 86-year-old woman with complaints of hematemesis and melena, and emergent endoscopic examination revealed fresh bleeding from the gastric ulcer. Neither endoscopic injection of Aethoxysklerol and ethanol nor clipping stopped the active bleeding, while the injection of Histoacryl produced an immediate hemostatic effect. Unfortunately, she died of pneumonia and heart failure seven days after this treatment. Autopsy revealed Histoacryl polymer localized in the gastric wall, but the gastric ulcer that had caused the massive bleeding was covered with exudate and the site of arterial rupture was unclear. The significant hemostatic effect of Histoacryl injection and the histological findings in this case suggest that this procedure may be useful for managing refractory hemorrhagic gastric ulcer.     

Biphasic Diurnal Periodicity in Bleeding from Peptic Ulcer

Objective : To evaluate if tbere was periodicity in the manifestations of gastrointestinal bleeding (hemateme-sis and melena). Method : This is a multicenter prospective study carried out in the Endoscopy Units of eight hospitals. At the time of the emergency endoscopy, the following data were collected: age, sex, endoscopic diagnosis, solar hour of the first hematemesis (vomiting of bright red or tarry black material) and of the first melena (black or bloody soft stools), and any drugs taken during the week before the bleeding episode, regardless of the dose. Results : 806 patients were studied. Bleeding was from peptic ulcer in 405 patients (50%), from esophageal varices in 197 (24%), and from other sources in the remainder. Analysis using single cosinor statistics showed a nonrandom distribution in bleeding from peptic ulcer, whether presenting first with hematemesis (p = 0.02) or melena (p = 0.03). There were two peaks at 6:45 AM and 6:45 PM for hemate-mesis and at 7:25 AM and 7:25 PM for melena, representing a biphasic diurnal (ultradian) rhythm. Conclusions : This study shows that bleeding due to peptic ulcer has a biphasic diurnal periodicity. 1 his has potential importance for the pathogenesis of bleeding, for the management of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and the administration of drugs known to cause peptic ulcer bleeding.     

Endoscopic Injection of Absolute Ethanol Achieves Ultimate Hemostasis in Bleeding Caused by Peptic Ulcers

Abstract: This study was performed to assess the efficacy of endoscopic injection therapy with absolute ethanol to prevent emergency surgery and recurrent bleeding in patients with peptic ulcers. We compared two different treatment protocols of peptic ulcers with active bleeding or with visible vessels on the ulcer bed. In group I (1981–1984, control group), 45 patients underwent emergency endoscopy with spraying 0.1% epinephrine and thrombin, but no other endoscopic hemostatic procedure. In group II (1989–1992, experimental group), we performed endoscopic injection therapy with absolute ethanol for peptic ulcers in 46 patients. The background characteristics of the patients were not different in the two groups. The rate of successful initial hemostasis tended to be greater in the ethanol injection group compared with the control group without significance. The ultimate hemostatic rate in the ethanol injection group was markedly and significantly greater compared to the control group (P<0.05). Ultimate hemostasis by ethanol injection was performed effectively in peptic ulcers with spurting and oozing hemorrhage and in the non-bleeding peptic ulcers with visible vessels at the initial endoscopy (P<0.05 for each). These results indicate that ethanol injection therapy by endoscopy achieves ultimate hemostasis and prevents emergency surgery due to hemorrhage from peptic ulcers. (Dig Endoc 1994; 6 : 34–38)     

雷贝拉唑预防心血管病患者阿司匹林引起的消化性溃疡

目的 探讨雷贝拉唑对小剂量阿司匹林引起消化性溃疡的预防作用.方法 纳入2010年6月~2012年2月,患心血管病需抗血小板治疗的患者166例,随机分为对照组（n=83）和观察组（n=83）.对照组单用阿司匹林（100 mg,qd）;观察组在服用等剂量阿司匹林肠溶片同时服用雷贝拉唑钠肠溶胶囊（20 mg,qd）.对比两组患者出现上腹不适、上腹痛、烧心、反酸等消化道不适症状,同时比较两组胃镜下黏膜表现变化和呕血、黑便等消化道出血临床症状.结果 对照组和观察组分别出现消化道症状37例（44.6%）和4例（4.8%）,对照组胃肠黏膜损伤患者29例（34.9%）,其中消化性溃疡12例（14.5%）,观察组发生胃黏膜损伤患者仅6例（7.2%）,其中消化性溃疡1例（1.2%）,观察组的消化道症状发生率、胃肠粘膜损伤率以及消化性溃疡发生率均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）.随访3个月和6个月时患者呕血、黑便等消化道出血情况观察组均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 雷贝拉唑钠肠溶可降低小剂量阿司匹林治疗中发生溃疡出血的风险.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization in the management of bleeding duodenal ulcers: a 5.5-year retrospective study of treatment and outcome

OBJECTIVE: The mortality rate associated with bleeding duodenal ulcer disease is about 10%. Primary endoscopic hemostasis is successful in over 90% of patients, but in 15-25%, the bleeding cannot be controlled endoscopically or the patient rebleeding, requiring alternative treatment. Percutaneous transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) has been proposed as an alternative to surgery and was introduced at Ullev?l University Hospital in Oslo, Norway, in June 2000. In this study we report our experiences in 36 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review identified all patients admitted to Ullev?l University Hospital with hematemesis and/or melena and endoscopically verified duodenal ulcer from June 2000 to 2005. The indication for TAE was endoscopically unmanageable bleeding/rebleeding or rebleeding after surgery. Technical success was defined as acute hemostasis. Clinical success was defined as technical success without rebleeding within 30 days. RESULTS: A total of 278 patients (mean age 73 years) were included in the study. Primary endoscopic hemostasis failed in 13 patients (5%) and 53 patients (20%) experienced rebleeding. An attempt was made to treat 36 patients with TAE. Technical success in the TAE group was 92% and clinical success was 72%. In total, 10 patients underwent surgery, 3 because of rebleeding after TAE. The 30-day mortality was 10% for all patients, 19% in the TAE group, and 20% in the surgical group. CONCLUSIONS: High technical and clinical success was obtained with TAE in patients with bleeding duodenal ulcer after failure of endoscopic treatment. TAE appears to be a treatment alternative to surgery in this group of patients.     

Predictors of hemostatic failure after adrenaline injection in patients with peptic ulcers with non‐bleeding visible vessel

Background: Non‐bleeding visible vessel (NBVV) in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer is associated with a high risk of rebleeding. The aim of this study was to define factors associated with failure of endoscopic hemostasis and rebleeding in patients with NBVV. Methods: Clinical and endoscopic parameters related to failure of endoscopic hemostasis with adrenaline in 191 bleeding peptic ulcer patients with NBVV were evaluated. Results: Endoscopic hemostasis was permanently successful in 154 patients (80.6%). Emergency surgical hemostasis for rebleeding was required in 37 patients (19.4%). Univariate analysis showed that therapeutic failure was significantly related to the presence of shock on admission (P?=?0.003), posterior duodenal ulcers (P?=?0.001), peptic ulcer history (P?=?0.001), previous peptic ulcer bleeding (P?=?0.002), or lack of history of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs consumption, when compared to use of such drugs (P?=?0.04). Patients where therapy failed had lower hemoglobin levels at admission (7.8?±?1.9?g/dL versus 10?±?2.4?g/dL, P?=?0.005). In a multivariate analysis low hemoglobin (P?P?=?0.002) and posterior duodenal ulcers (P?=?0.001) were negative predictors. Using the mean value of hemoglobin as the cut‐off point, it is noteworthy that only 2 out of 81 patients (2.5%) who had none of these predictive factors required emergency surgical hemostasis, whereas 34 out of 110 patients (30.9%) with at least one predictive factor required emergency surgery. Conclusion: It is possible, by employing specific characteristics, to define a subgroup of high‐risk patients for rebleeding in patients with NBVV despite therapeutic endoscopy and thus candidates for a complementary endoscopic method of hemostasis or emergency surgical intervention.