注射毒品致股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤的外科治疗

目的：探讨注射毒品致股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤的外科治疗。方法：回顾性分析因注射毒品致股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤患者63例的临床资料。结果：假性动脉瘤破裂52例,住院期间再次或多次出血者26例。行髂外动脉—股浅动脉旁路带环人工血管重建术49例,行髂外动脉或股动脉结扎术14例。围手术期无死亡。1例住院期间出现移植物感染,5例随诊期间出现移植物感染,感染的移植物取出后同时行髂外动脉或股动脉结扎保肢成功。1例行股动脉结扎患者术后出现肢体坏死行大腿截肢。其余手术患者均恢复良好。36例复诊彩超检查示人工血管通畅。结论：尽早外科手术是抢救因注射毒品致感染性假性动脉瘤患者生命的唯一途径;彻底清创引流、髂外动脉—股浅动脉旁路带环人工血管重建以及控制感染是治疗的有效方法;在感染严重且局部条件无法重建血管的情况下,结扎髂外动脉或股动脉也是一种救治患者的可行选择。     

注射吸毒致假性股动脉瘤的救治

目的:了解注射吸毒致假性股动脉瘤的特点及外科治疗的疗效.方法:2000年1月-2008年6月间收治30例假性股动脉瘤破裂患者.手术治疗26例,4例拒绝.瘤体切除、瘤腔清创后,其中,行股动脉直接修补3例,人工血管片修补8例,应用四氟乙烯(ePTFE) 人工血管移植10例,股动脉结扎5例.结果:拒绝手术4例患者全部死亡.25例肢体均存活,足背动脉搏动恢复.术后伤口出血再次手术3例,其中截肢1例.随访3个月～4年,股动脉结扎中1例肢体间歇性跛行.结论:彻底清创、血管修补或移植、控制感染是治疗注射吸毒致假性股动脉瘤的有效方法;直接行股动脉结扎在条件困难情况下是可选择的术式.     

注射吸毒致假性股动脉瘤的救治

目的：了解注射吸毒致假性股动脉瘤的特点及外科治疗的疗效。方法：2000年1月-2008年6月间收治30例假性股动脉瘤破裂患者。手术治疗26例,4例拒绝。瘤体切除、瘤腔清创后,其中,行股动脉直接修补3例,人工血管片修补8例,应用四氟乙烯（ePTFE）人工血管移植10例,股动脉结扎5例。结果：拒绝手术4例患者全部死亡。25例肢体均存活,足背动脉搏动恢复。术后伤口出血再次手术3例,其中截肢1例。随访3个月~4年,股动脉结扎中1例肢体间歇性跛行。结论：彻底清创、血管修补或移植、控制感染是治疗注射吸毒致假性股动脉瘤的有效方法;直接行股动脉结扎在条件困难情况下是可选择的术式。     

注射毒品致股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤破裂出血的手术治疗

目的探讨治疗注射毒品导致的股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤破裂出血的手术方法。方法对17例注射毒品导致的股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤破裂出血患者进行急诊手术治疗;手术采用垂直于腹股沟的纵向切口暴露近端髂外血管,试验性地夹闭髂外动脉后,应用多普勒血流探测仪扫描观察足部动脉血流信号;14例可测到血流信号的患者采用单纯结扎股动脉和切除动脉瘤的手术方法,3例未测到血流信号的患者采用切除动脉瘤血管重建手术治疗,其中1例采用股-股动脉自体大隐静脉原位移植术,另2例采用髂-股动脉人工血管旁路转流术。结果 17例患者均成功进行了感染性假性动脉瘤的扩创和切除,10例切口一期愈合,6例切口二期缝合后愈合,1例切口未缝合,经换药2个月后创面愈合,平均住院时间(21.0±4.5)d。出院时患者白细胞计数和中性粒细胞比例显著低于术前(P<0.05);3例血管重建患者手术后患肢末梢血氧饱和度显著高于手术前(P<0.05),术后3周超声检查显示移植血管血流通畅。所有病例平均随访(10.2±2.6)个月,未出现截肢和死亡病例,10例患者出现轻度的间歇性跛行,均在1 a内恢复;所有患者下肢行走功能基本恢复。结论选择性血管重建手术治疗注射毒品所致的股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤破裂出血安全可靠,术中夹闭髂外动脉或股动脉检测足背动脉或胫后动脉的血流信号,可判定是否需要重建血管。对大多数注射毒品时间超过1 a的患者,单纯的动脉结扎手术是安全可行的。     

注射毒品致股动脉假性动脉瘤10例治疗体会

目的对感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤进行外科治疗的手术方法进行探讨。方法对10例注射毒品致感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤后局部破裂患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果4例行对侧大隐静脉间置移植术,4例行人造血管（膨体聚四氯乙烯人造血管）植入术,2例行股浅动脉缝扎术。术后随访效果良好,无死亡病例。结论对于注射致感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤的患者应视具体部位的局部病变情况采用不同方法进行治疗。     

注射毒品致感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤35例血管修复体会

目的：探讨注射毒品致感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤的特点及血管修复重建方法。方法：回顾性分析2000年1月～2006年12月35例因注射毒品致感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤行血管重建治疗经过。采用腹股沟韧带上方切口，经腹膜后控制髂外动脉，并在动脉瘤远端暴露股浅动脉并控制，切除动脉瘤，均用人造血管重建。结果：20例患者经正常解剖途径作血管重建，其中，15例切口愈合不佳，11例在术后3个月人造血管感染，术后1年，10例人造血管闭塞；15例患者经解剖外途径作血管重建，其中，5例切口愈合不佳，6例在术后3个月人造血管感染，术后1年，5例人造血管闭塞。结论：经解剖外途径血管重建是治疗注射毒品致感染性股动脉假性动脉瘤较好的方法。     

注射毒品致假性股动脉瘤破裂出血的治疗

目的探讨注射毒品致假性股动脉瘤破裂出血的治疗。方法对13例注射毒品致假性股动脉瘤破裂出血的临床治疗进行回顾性分析。4例未行手术治疗；9例行手术治疗，其中8例行股动脉结扎术，1例行股动脉人工血管重建术。结果4例未做手术患者均死亡，9例手术患者均保肢成功，痊愈出院。结论手术治疗是该类患者的唯一治疗方法，手术方式应根据具体情况选择，结扎股动脉是可行的首选方法。     

结扎股动脉治疗注射毒品所致假性股动脉瘤体会

目的：探讨结扎股动脉在治疗注射毒品所致假性股动脉瘤中的优缺点方法：运用结扎股动脉术对16例注射毒品所警假性股动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾分析结果：16例患者全部保肢成功,术后复查彩色多普勒显示远端血管充盈。结论：在患者不能采用合适的自体大隐静脉移植及人造血管移植时,股动脉结扎术是治疗注射毒品所致假性股动脉瘤的有效方法之一。     

注射毒品致股动脉假性动脉瘤外科治疗11例分析

目的:探讨注射毒品致股动脉假性动脉瘤(PFA)的特点、外科手术方法.方法:回顾性分析1999年6月～2008年12月11例因注射毒品致PFA行血管重建治疗的经过.采用PFA近心端(髂动脉)、远心端(股浅动脉)阻断,彻底清创PFA病灶,缝扎股动脉残端,采用人造血管绕开感染灶行旁路移植、股动脉重建,病灶开放引流,Ⅱ期缝合;1例行股动脉结扎,未行股动脉重建.结果:所有患者均康复出院,无手术死亡,无人工血管感染;1例行股动脉结扎患者,足背动脉搏动消失,但皮肤温度正常,能行走,患者自觉患侧肢体力度较健侧差.所有患者于出院前、出院后3个月复查彩色多普勒显示:移植重建后股动脉通畅,无血栓形成,无PFA复发.结论:采用人造血管绕开PFA感染灶、旁路移植行股动脉重建,病灶开放引流,Ⅱ期缝合,是治疗注射毒品致PFA较好的方法.     

毒品注射致假性动脉瘤并感染的外科治疗

目的探讨毒品注射所致假性动脉瘤伴感染的外科治疗处理方法。方法回顾性分析因毒品注射所致假性动脉瘤患者27例共28条肢体的临床资料。1例为肱动脉假性动脉瘤,余26例为股动脉假性动脉瘤。2例未行手术,23例24条肢体行瘤体切除、瘤腔清创及人工血管移植术,2例行动脉破口修补术。结果死亡2例;4例出现移植物感染,3例行移植物取出并结扎动脉,1例行扩创引流加换药后保肢成功;其余手术患者术后均无肢体血供障碍,3个月后16例行彩超检查示人工血管通畅。结论彻底清创、血管重建、控制感染是治疗吸毒所致假性动脉瘤的有效方法,移植物感染通过结扎动脉或建立通畅的引流能避免截肢。     

感染性假性动脉瘤血管处理方式的选择

目的探讨对于注射吸毒导致的感染性假性动脉瘤血管手术方式的选择。方法对我院2005年8月~2008年2月收治的17例注射吸毒导致的假性动脉瘤患者进行总结。全部患者均行手术治疗,血管处理的方法有：8例行人工血管旁路转流,4例自体大隐静脉原位转流,1例动脉修补,4例股动脉结扎。结果17例中有1例死亡。1例术后并发动脉吻合口瘘,再次手术修复吻合口成功。术后随访15例：人工血管阻塞2例,其中有1例出现下肢缺血症状。动脉结扎的病例有1例手术后2月出现下肢坏死而截肢。至少6例在术后出现毒品复吸。结论注射吸毒所致的感染性假性动脉瘤的血管处理须依据多种因素综合判断而定,总体疗效满意。     

注射海洛因致假性股动脉瘤的治疗(附6例报告)

目的：探讨注射毒品海洛因致假性股动脉瘤的手术治疗方法。方法：对6例注射海洛英致假性股动脉瘤的患者的临床资料进行总结分析。其中3例患者行假性动脉瘤近端和远端结扎术，2例行血管旁路移植术，1例患者行动脉成形术。结果：术后全部患者均无肢体血运障碍。但术后4例发生淋巴瘘。结论：注射海洛因所致的假性动脉瘤病史一般较长，且大多合并感染，人造血管移植手术有较大风险，应根据瘤体局部情况及肢体远端血运情况选择适当的手术。     

注射毒品后股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤的治疗

目的讨论注射毒品后股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤的外科治疗。方法对3例注射毒品致感染性假性股动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果3例中男1例,女2例,年龄27～36岁,均在腹股沟区注射毒品1年以上。动脉瘤大小分别为9cm×10cm、30cm×20cm、12cm×15cm。1例行人造血管移植术,2例行股动脉破裂修补术。手术后均恢复了下肢血供,但存在创口感染。结论长期在腹股沟区注射不洁毒品,是发生股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤的原因。诊断明确后急诊外科手术仍是治疗首选,彻底清创和血管重建是治疗股动脉感染性假性动脉瘤的有效方法。     

急诊人工血管移植治疗吸毒者假性股动脉瘤疗效观察

目的 探讨急诊条件下人工血管移植治疗吸毒所致感染性假性股动脉瘤的可行性及临床效果.方法 在急诊条件下,对5例感染并大出血的假性股动脉瘤吸毒患者,采用切除瘤体及周围炎性组织彻底清创后行人工血管移植治疗,观察移植效果及并发症发生情况.结果 手术顺利,5例患者均保肢成功,经3～24个月随访,移植血管通畅,未发生并发症.结论 吸毒所致感染性假性股动脉瘤并发大出血时,可在急诊条件下,彻底清创后,采用人工血管移植治疗.     

Management of infected femoral pseudoaneurysms in intravenous drug abusers: a review of 57 cases

BACKGROUND: The present study was carried out to evaluate the clinical characteristics and surgical methods used for the management of infected femoral pseudoaneurysms secondary to illegal drug injections. METHODS: Fifty seven consecutive patients who presented with infected pseudoaneurysm of the lower limb and were admitted to the emergency department of Sina Hospital during a 5-year period were enrolled in this study. Surgical methods performed consisted of vein angioplasty, simple ligation of femoral artery, and emergent or delayed revascularization. RESULTS: All participating patients were males with a mean age of 36.7 years. Three (5.3%) and two (3.5%) patients underwent primary repair and emergent vascular bypass, respectively; whereas delayed revascularization was performed in only eight (14%) cases. Forty four (77.2%) patients achieved a normal lifestyle without any vascular bypass. Early critical ischemia and late claudication was reported in two (3.5%) and eight (14%) patients, respectively. Other complications such as amputation and mortality were rarely reported. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, simple ligation of the external iliac or femoral artery was the most frequent management method for treating infected femoral pseudoaneurysms. Simple ligation of the external iliac or femoral artery seems to be a safe procedure in drug abusers presenting with infected femoral pseudoaneurysms.     

Revascularization for Iliac-femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm with Greater Saphenous Vein

Objective To investigate the role of revascularization procedures with autologous greater saphenous vein in surgical management of iliac-femoral artery pseudoaneurysm in parenteral drug abusers. Methods Twenty-one patients with iliac-femoral artery pseudoaneurysm caused by parenteral drug abuse from 2004 to 2007 were enrolled. Among them,15 patients were male and 6 were female; their average age was 31.3 years. The size of pseudoaneurysms ranged from 3.0 cm to 7.5 cm. Common femoral artery and distal external iliac artery were often involved. We performed arterial reconstruction on these patients with autologous greater saphenous vein as a graft after excising iliac-femoral artery pseudoaneurysm through a single curved inguinal incision. All patients were followed up,and the complications were recorded. Results The surgical procedures were finished without intraoperative mortality or perioperative complications. All patients were free of claudication symptoms after the surgery except one case with preoperative popliteal artery stenosis. One case of infection and wound tissue fistula was found later. One case had inguinal incisional hematoma and another complained of numbness in thigh skin. Conclusions The use of autologous greater saphenous venous grafts for arterial reconstruction after pseudoaneurysm excision in drug abusers is safe and effective. This technique offers more advantages than arterial ligation alone without revascularization. An optimal greater saphenous venous graft is a prerequisite for revascularization.     

Infected femoral pseudoaneurysms in intravenous drug abusers: a decade of experience from a Singapore tertiary centre

INTRODUCTIONA pseudoaneurysm (or false aneurysm) is a haematoma that communicates with an artery through a disruption in the arterial wall. The femoral artery is the most common injection site among drug users, and infected femoral pseudoaneurysms are the most common vascular complications.METHODSA retrospective review of medical records of intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) who presented with infected femoral pseudoaneurysms from January 2006 to December 2016 was carried out. Patients who had pseudoaneurysms due to other aetiologies or trauma were excluded.RESULTSA total of 27 patients with infected femoral pseudoaneurysms were identified. The majority were male (92.6%) and of Malay ethnicity (55.6%). Median age was 50 (range 31–62) years. Commonly abused drugs were buprenorphine (or Subutex; 59.3%) and midazolam (or Dormicum; 51.9%). Groin pain and swelling (100.0%), fever (66.7%) and presence of a pulsatile mass (51.9%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Diagnosis was confirmed via computed tomography angiography in all patients. 25 patients underwent upfront arterial ligation with debridement, among whom three patients required concurrent surgical revascularisation. Only two patients underwent ultrasonography-guided thrombin injection – one eventually required surgery and the other was lost to follow-up. Postoperative complications included wound infection (42.3%), bleeding (11.5%) and necrotising fasciitis eventually resulting in limb loss (3.8%). There were no associated mortalities.CONCLUSIONInfected pseudoaneurysms in IVDAs pose a unique challenge to vascular surgeons. We found that simple ligation and debridement was a safe and effective option for such patients.