体外模拟干细胞微环境培养扩增脐血及脐带基质源性间充质干细胞

背景：建立稳健的扩增体系,在体外扩增时最大限度地获得治疗剂量的干细胞数,同时保存干细胞的特性是临床实验室亟待解决的问题。目的：建立体外模拟干细胞微环境细胞外基质扩增脐血间充质干细胞及脐带间充质干细胞的方法,并与传统的2-D培养体系比较。方法：建立体外模拟干细胞微环境细胞外基质,体外分离脐血间充质干细胞及脐带间充质干细胞后分别接种到细胞外基质及传统的2-D塑料培养体系,分别从细胞计数及细胞表面标志物的变化,评估两种扩增体系对脐血间充质干细胞及脐带间充质干细胞体外扩增的优劣。结果与结论：使用骨髓源性的细胞外基质培养体系单位时间脐血间充质干细胞及脐带间充质干细胞产量是2-D体系的4～6倍,并且流式细胞仪检测显示细胞外基质体系能更好地保持干细胞的表面标记。因此,3-D较2-D培养系更接近生理环境,已建立的骨髓源性细胞外基质培养体系能保持间充质干细胞的特性,为短时间内快速获取更大数目同质、高活性的间充质干细胞提供了可能。     

人骨髓间充质干细胞与脐血CD34+细胞体外扩增

为了研究骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)及细胞因子对脐血CD34 造血祖细胞体外扩增的作用,及其扩增作用 对细胞黏附分子的影响,用免疫磁珠富集脐血CD34 细胞,然后接种到含有或不含有MSC和细胞因子的24孔培 养板,体外培养1周,观察不同指标并进行组间比较。结果表明:①SDF-1α SCF TPO FL因子组合与SCF TPO FL因子组合对脐血CD34 细胞的扩增作用无显著性差异(无论有无MSC细胞层存在)(P>0.05);②MSC 与上述细胞因子共存的培养体系优于相应的单纯细胞因子培养体系(P<0.05);③扩增前与扩增后脐血造血祖 细胞黏附分子CD44的表达没有明显变化。结论:趋化因子SDF-1α对SCF TPO FL因子组合的扩增作用无显 著影响;MSC增加细胞因子的脐血细胞体外扩增的作用;体外扩增不影响跻血细胞黏附分子CD44的表达。     

利用层粘连蛋白扩增罗曼鹤鸡骨髓间充质干细胞

背景：鸡骨髓间充质干细胞是胚胎发育学、免疫学和肿瘤学研究重要的细胞模型,但如何大规模扩增并使其保持良好的未分化潜能是鸡骨髓间充质干细胞应用中亟待解决的难题。 目的：建立扩增鸡骨髓间充质干细胞的层粘连蛋白培养体系。 方法：将体外分离得到的鸡骨髓间充质干细胞分别接种在包被层粘连蛋白培养皿和传统二维培养皿上。经过体外扩增,比较两种培养体系下,鸡骨髓间充质干细胞的形态特征、表面标志物、扩增性能和成脂分化潜能。结果与结论：层粘连蛋白培养体系和常规培养体系中骨髓间充质干细胞的形态学特征和表面标志物表达没有显著差异,但层粘连蛋白培养体系获得的骨髓间充质干细胞增殖能力和分化潜能都明显优于传统培养体系。可见层粘连蛋白培养体系能快速地扩增出大量增殖能力强和未分化性能良好的鸡骨髓间充质干细胞,为鸡骨髓间充质干细胞的进一步深入研究和应用提供生物学基础。     

人角膜基质间充质干细胞的分离培养及表型鉴定

目的 建立人角膜基质间充质干细胞(HCS-MSC)体外分离培养、传代和鉴定等方法。方法 无菌条件下,取眼科临床角膜移植术后剩余的供体角膜缘组织,去除上皮和内皮组织,将基质组织切成1mm×2mm的组织块,采用无动物源性血清的间充质干细胞培养液进行组织块贴壁法培养,倒置显微镜下动态观察细胞的生长形态及贴壁状态,将传代培养后的第三代细胞采用流式细胞分析法进行表型鉴定,液氮冷冻保存。结果 采用人角膜缘基质组织块贴壁法培养,于培养后第7天开始向周围呈放射状长出细胞,14天左右长满培养皿,细胞形态呈均一梭形; 传代培养后生长快速,于 2～4天达90%融合; 连续传代3次,其生长特性和形态不变,CD90,CD29和CD105阳性率>95%,CD34和CD-HLA-dr阳性率<3%。结论 采用人角膜缘基质组织可分离培养出间充质干细胞,为角膜组织修复、重建及对抗免疫排斥反应等奠定基础。     

人脂肪间充质干细胞的分离培养及其鉴定

背景:人脂肪间充质干细胞在不同的条件下被成功诱导分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞、骨骼肌细胞、肝脏细胞等中胚层细胞,同时也可以向其他胚层分化,证明脂肪间充质干细胞是多分化潜能干细胞. 目的:探讨人脂肪间充质干细胞的分离、鉴定方法.方法:整形外科吸脂术获得腹部皮下脂肪,0.075%Ⅰ型胶原酶消化,贴壁培养获得人脂肪间充质干细胞,绘制细胞增殖曲线,进行流式细胞、细胞周期、免疫荧光等检测,并验证其是否具有多功能分化潜能.结果与结论:获得形态较均一的长梭形的人脂肪间充质干细胞,细胞增殖良好,有明显的指数生长期,体外能长期培养存活,并保持不分化状态;流式检测细胞高表达CD105、CD90,低表达CD34、CD45;多数细胞周期检测G0/G1期占80%以上.能向成脂、成骨诱导分化.结果表明,实验分离获得的细胞是具有脂肪间充质干细胞特性的细胞,为深入研究人脂肪间充质干细胞打下基础.     

脐带间充质干细胞对脐血CD34＋细胞体外扩增的影响

背景:体外扩增是目前解决脐带血干细胞移植所面临的单份脐血造血干祖细胞数不足问题的丰要手段.已有许多关于不同来源的间充质干细胞联合不同细胞因子支持脐血造血干祖细胞体外扩增的报道,而单独应用间充质干细胞对人脐血CD34+细胞体外扩增的报道仍很少.目的:观察应用脐带源间充质干细胞作基质层的体外培养体系对脐血CD34+细胞体外扩增的支持作用.设计、时间及地点:对比观察实验,于2006-03/2007-05在中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学血液学研究所、实验血液学国家重点实验室完成.材料:经产妇知情同意,采集健康足月分娩胎儿脐带9份.方法:应用贴壁培养的方法从正常足月出生儿脐带中分离培养间充质干细胞,通过细胞形态学、免疫表型、分化实验进行鉴定.利用免疫磁珠分离法从正常足月出生儿脐带血中分离CD34+细胞.应用3种不同培养体系进行脐血CD34+细胞的体外扩增:单独应用脐带源间充质干细胞作基质层、细胞因子培养体系和间充质干细胞联合细胞因子培养体系.主要观察指标:应用细胞计数法、集落培养计数法和流式细胞学检测法对扩增后细胞数量、集落形成能力和免疫表型进行分析比较.RT-PCR检测间充质干细胞中细胞因子的表达情况.结果:培养第14天后,间充质干细胞组的CD34+细胞比例明显高于细胞因子联合间充质干细胞组;CD34+细胞总数为培养前的(4.19±1.37)倍,明显高于细胞因子组.培养第7天和第14天,间充质干细胞组的CD34+CD38-细胞亚群比例均高于另两组.RT-PCR结果显示,脐带源间充质干细胞体外可表达干细胞因子和血小板生成素早期干细胞效应因子.结论:单独应用脐带源间危质干细胞可有效地对脐血CD34+细胞进行体外扩增,更有利于保持较早期干、祖细胞的扩增.     

不同无血清培养体系对人脐带间充质干细胞生物学功能的影响

目的 探讨3种不同无血清培养体系对人脐带间充质干细胞（hUC-MSC）体外培养的生物学功能的影响。方法 取3株脐带组织,各分3组实验组,经贴壁法分别置于3组不同无血清培养体系（A组：纯化学成分合成的无血清培养体系,B组：血小板裂解物+基础培养基的无血清培养体系,C组：纤维蛋白原包被+含重组人蛋白质的无血清培养体系）中培养至第3代,比较其细胞增殖能力、细胞表型、三系分化能力以及免疫调节功能。结果 3组实验组细胞均呈长而扁平的梭形,贴壁生长,大小均一。其增殖曲线趋势相似,A组和B组P2、P3代次的增殖能力优于C组（P均<0.05）。3组实验组细胞均符合国际干细胞协会对hUC-MSC细胞表面标志物鉴定的要求,A组和B组P3代次的CD29和CD90的表达量均高于C组（P均<0.05）,并且3组实验组均具有三系分化能力。3组实验组中P3代次的T淋巴细胞增殖率、Th1和Th17细胞亚群分泌的细胞因子比例均低于对照组,调节性T细胞（CD4+CD25+FOXP3+）比例均高于对照组,而3组实验组之间两两比较差异无统计学意义（P均> 0.05）。结论 3种不同无血清培养体系的hUC-M...     

体外诱导成人脂肪间充质干细胞分化为心肌样细胞

背景:目前对脂肪间充质干细胞在临床应用前还有许多问题需要解决,如脂肪间充质干细胞是否可以分化为完全意义上的心肌细胞,是否具备心肌细胞所特有的功能。如何提高脂肪间充质干细胞向心肌细胞的分化率,如何提高在移植后的归巢和存活率等问题的解决对于指导干细胞的临床应用有重要的意义。目的:观察体外培养并诱导成人脂肪间充质干细胞分化为心肌样细胞。设计:随机对照观察。单位:解放军总医院心内科实验室。材料:脂肪取自解放军总医院普外科腹部手术患者(均知情同意);IMDM(Hyclon公司),Ⅰ型胶原酶(Gibco公司),5-aza(Sigma),抗心肌特异性肌钙蛋白T(TnT)多克隆抗体(福建迈新生物技术公司),抗CD44、抗CD45、抗CD34、HLA2DR、Ⅷ因子单克隆抗体、抗结蛋白(Desmin),抗α-横纹肌肌动蛋白、抗肌球蛋白重链购自北京中杉金桥生物技术有限公司,DAB染色剂由北京中杉金桥生物技术有限公司提供,RT-PCR试剂盒由Invitrogen公司提供,心房利钠肽放免试剂盒(中国人民解放军总医院科技开发中心放免研究所)。方法:实验于2005-03/2006-04在解放军总医院心内科实验室完成。细胞培养:采用消化法和贴壁培养法分离培养脂肪间充质干细胞。干预及检测:对第3代细胞进行细胞表面分子CD44,CD13,CD105,CD45,CD34,HLA-DR,factorⅧ的免疫细胞化学鉴定,并用5-氮杂胞苷(5-aza)进行诱导,于诱导后第7,14,21,28天采用RT-PCR法检测心肌化基因GATA4和Nkx2.5的表达,应用放射免疫法测定心房利钠肽含量。主要观察指标:①细胞表面标志鉴定结果。②心肌化基因GATA4和Nkx2.5的表达。③心房利钠肽含量。结果:①细胞表面标志鉴定:原代细胞CD13、CD44、CD105阳性表达,CD45、CD34、HLA2DR、Ⅷ因子阴性表达。诱导后7d,所有细胞Desmin,α-横纹肌肌动蛋白、抗肌球蛋白重链和抗心肌特异性肌钙蛋白T呈阴性反应,大多数细胞CD44阳性表达。诱导后14d少量细胞出现Desmin、α-横纹肌肌动蛋白和抗肌球蛋白重链抗原阳性表达,TnT阴性表达,部分细胞CD44呈阳性表达。诱导后21d,多数细胞Desmin、α-横纹肌肌动蛋白、抗肌球蛋白重链和抗心肌特异性肌钙蛋白T呈阳性反应,CD44呈阴性表达。②心肌化基因GATA4和Nkx2.5的表达:诱导后14d出现GATA4和Nkx2.5cDNA的表达。③心房利钠肽含量:诱导后14d心房利钠肽含量为(0.022±0.01)ng/L,与诱导后7d比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),诱导后21d和诱导后28d分别为(7.92±0.21)和(8.12±0.50)ng/L,与诱导后7d比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05),但两者之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:成人脂肪组织中含有间充质干细胞,且可在5-氮杂胞苷诱导21d后分化为心肌样细胞。     

脂肪间充质干细胞的研究进展

脂肪来源的间充质干细胞具有和骨髓来源的间充质干细胞相似的表型和多向分化能力,脂肪组织来源丰富,取材方便,在细胞治疗和组织工程方面具有广泛的临床应用前景。     

人脂肪间充质干细胞的分离培养与生物学特性

背景：脂肪来源间充质干细胞取材于吸脂手术所获得的脂肪抽吸物,可反复取材,原料来源充足.目的：建立一种体外分离培养人脂肪来源间充质干细胞的方法,并分析其生物学特性.方法：采用胶原酶消化法分离获取人脂肪来源间充质干细胞并进行体外培养,倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞形态;观察分析传代第3,7,10 代细胞生长曲线;采用流式细胞仪检测传代第5 代细胞表面标志表达.取传代第4代细胞行体外成骨细胞诱导和成脂诱导,采用碱性磷酸酶染色及油红O染色鉴定.冻存传代细胞,分别于 2,6 个月后复苏,锥虫蓝染色计数复苏后细胞存活率.结果与结论：原代细胞3 d 贴壁,6 d 后开始快速增长并形成集落,11 d左右达80%~90%融合,多呈纤维样;传代后细胞维持纤维样形态.传代细胞潜伏期24~48 h,对数增殖期三四天,对数增殖期后第五六天进入平台期.间充质干细胞表面CD34、CD14、HLA-DR 呈阴性表达,CD44、CD105、CD13呈阳性表达,HLA-ABC呈弱阳性表达.具有向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞分化的能力,冻存复苏后细胞存活率达 90% 以上,且与未冻存传代细胞具有相同的生长特性.     

人骨髓来源细胞外基质对人牙周膜干细胞增殖的影响简

背景：研究发现人来源的骨髓细胞外基质能促进人牙周膜干细胞增殖并保持干细胞的特性。目的：初步观察人骨髓来源的细胞外基质对人牙周膜干细胞增殖能力影响。方法：分离人正常牙周膜细胞及颌骨骨髓细胞,制备骨髓细胞外基质膜片。采用有限稀释法克隆培养纯化人牙周膜干细胞,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构。取P2代人牙周膜干细胞与骨髓细胞来源细胞外基质共同培养,以普通培养基对照,采用CCK8法及细胞周期流式技术检测人骨髓细胞来源细胞外基质对人牙周膜干细胞增殖能力的影响。结果与结论：实验组人牙周膜干细胞较对照组相比细胞增殖能力显著增强（P＜0.05）,且细胞符合其生物学形态及生物学特性,生长状态良好。说明实验建立起的骨髓细胞外基质能够促进牙周膜干细胞的增殖,是一种扩增干细胞的有效方法。     

Influence of culture conditions and extracellular matrix alignment on human mesenchymal stem cells invasion into decellularized engineered tissues

The variables that influence the in vitro recellularization potential of decellularized engineered tissues, such as cell culture conditions and scaffold alignment, have yet to be explored. The goal of this work was to explore the influence of insulin and ascorbic acid and extracellular matrix (ECM) alignment on the recellularization of decellularized engineered tissue by human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Aligned and non‐aligned tissues were created by specifying the geometry and associated mechanical constraints to fibroblast‐mediated fibrin gel contraction and remodelling using circular and C‐shaped moulds. Decellularized tissues (matrices) of the same alignment were created by decellularization with detergents. Ascorbic acid promoted the invasion of hMSCs into the matrices due to a stimulated increase in motility and proliferation. Invasion correlated with hyaluronic acid secretion, α‐smooth muscle actin expression and decreased matrix thickness. Furthermore, hMSCs invasion into aligned and non‐aligned matrices was not different, although there was a difference in cell orientation. Finally, we show that hMSCs on the matrix surface appear to differentiate toward a smooth muscle cell or myofibroblast phenotype with ascorbic acid treatment. These results inform the strategy of recellularizing decellularized engineered tissue with hMSCs. © 2015 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

人血小板裂解液替代胎牛血清大规模扩增人脐带间充质干细胞

背景：目前国内外大多数实验仍采用经典的培养基和胎牛血清进行脐带间充质干细胞培养,血清培养潜在的不安全因素限制了未来临床应用的可行性。目的：以人血小板裂解液替代胎牛血清培养、鉴定人间充质干细胞,以期进一步应用于临床低密度扩增人间充质干细胞。方法：人血小板裂解液通过反复冻融、离心、过滤、浓缩等方法制备。以 IMDM 为基础培养基,添加5%浓缩血小板裂解液作为实验组培养基;以添加体积分数10%胎牛血清为对照组培养基。采用酶消化法分离培养人脐带间充质干细胞,以3000/cm2的浓度进行传代培养,待细胞扩增至P5代后,进行细胞形态与直径、免疫表型、成骨成脂分化、克隆形成率等细胞生物学特性检测,并比较两者之间的差别。结果与结论：人血小板裂解液扩增的脐带间充质干细胞形态细长,有更高的细胞累积群倍数;克隆形成检测结果显示两者形成的克隆效率差异无显著性意义,流式细胞术检测结果显示两者有相似的细胞表型,体外诱导分化显示两者都具有成骨、成脂分化能力,但人血小板裂解液扩增的间充质干细胞成骨分化能力更强。提示人血小板裂解液可以取代胎牛血清用于临床低密度扩增人间充质干细胞。     

Decellularized extracellular matrix gelloids support mesenchymal stem cell growth and function in vitro

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries are irrecoverable due to a significant loss of regenerative elements, persistent inflammation, extensive fibrosis, and functional impairment. When used in isolation, previous stem cell and biomaterial‐based therapies have failed to regenerate skeletal muscle at clinically relevant levels. The extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment is crucial for the viability, stemness, and differentiation of stem cells. Decellularized‐ECM (D‐ECM) scaffolds are at the forefront of ongoing research to develop a viable therapy for VML. Due to the retention of key ECM components, D‐ECM scaffolds provide an excellent substrate for the adhesion and migration of several cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess regenerative and immunomodulatory properties and are currently under investigation in clinical trials for a wide range of medical conditions. However, a major limitation to the use of MSCs in clinical applications is their poor viability at the site of transplantation. In this study, we have fabricated spherical scaffolds composed of gelatin and skeletal muscle D‐ECM for the adhesion and delivery of MSCs to the site of VML injury. These spherical scaffolds termed “gelloids” supported MSC survival, expansion, trophic factor secretion, immunomodulation, and myogenic protein expression in vitro. Future studies would determine the therapeutic efficacy of this approach in a murine model of VML injury.     

脂肪干细胞的三维球形培养简

背景：大多哺乳类细胞在正常生理状态下多以三维结构存在,为还原细胞本身在体内的自然状态,很多研究者开始尝试在体外对细胞进行三维培养,球形培养是一种常见的三维培养模式。目的：尝试用3种不同的方法在体外对人脂肪干细胞进行球形培养,并观察其生物学特征。 方法：对提取的脂肪来源细胞进行表面 Marker 流式检测以及成脂成骨诱导鉴定后,证实为脂肪干细胞。先后用低黏附培养法、hanging-drop培养法和Eppendorf管培养法3种方法在体外对脂肪干细胞进行球形培养,对3种方法形成球形的特点进行比较分析,并通过 Imagej 软件计算出3组多细胞球体的平均面积,利用Viability/Cytotoxicity Assay Kit for Animal Live＆amp;Dead Cel s试剂盒对3组多细胞球体进行活力检测。结果与结论：①通过流式细胞术鉴定细胞表型标志物,其中CD29,CD44,CD59完全阳性,同时成脂成骨诱导也为阳性,证实提取的细胞为脂肪干细胞。3代以内脂肪干细胞多呈长梭形,并克隆状生长。②低黏附培养法、hanging-drop 培养法、Eppendorf 管培养法均可使脂肪干细胞聚集成球形生长,但所成多细胞球形有所差异。低黏附培养法所形成的细胞球形大小不一,不易控制;而hanging-drop培养法和Eppendorf管培养法均可使脂肪干细胞形成大小均一的球形,但在大小和形成时间上有所不同。③3种不同方法所形成的球形细胞均保持较好的细胞活力。     

微骨折与自体骨髓间充质干细胞外基质支架修复猪膝关节软骨缺损

背景：微骨折术方法简单,操作方便,是治疗关节软骨缺损有效的方法之一,但仍然存在再生软骨为纤维软骨、再生软骨退化等问题。现在学者们主要致力于使用各种方法改良微骨折修复软骨缺损的效果。 目的：探索微骨折处理软骨缺损区域后植入自体骨髓间充质干细胞外基质支架治疗猪膝关节软骨缺损的疗效。 方法：分离并原代培养猪骨髓间充质干细胞,收集其分泌的细胞外基质膜,采用交联、冻干技术将收集的基质膜制备成三维多孔支架。选取小型成年猪,制备双膝股骨髁、股骨滑车部全层软骨缺损模型,深2 mm,直径6 mm;采用自体左右对照模式,右膝作为对照组,使用单纯微骨折治疗软骨缺损,左膝作为实验组,采用微骨折处理软骨缺损区域后,植入预先制备的支架。术后6个月使用番红固绿染色、Masson 染色等评价软骨再生情况,使用Wakitani评分整体评估再生软骨,并测定再生组织糖胺聚糖、DNA含量。 结果与结论：术后6个月,实验组股骨滑车和股骨髁处均可见软骨修复,表面光滑,对照组股骨滑车修复组织表面较平整,股骨髁未见明显修复。实验组股骨滑车和股骨髁再生软骨经番红固绿染色、Masson染色均显示软骨层基质含量丰富,软骨下骨骨小梁密集,对照组软骨层染色不明显,软骨下骨修复欠佳。实验组Wakitani评分、糖胺聚糖含量高于对照组,DNA含量低于对照组（P＆lt;0.05）。结果可见微骨折结合自体骨髓间充质干细胞外基质支架修复软骨效果良好,股骨滑车和股骨髁治疗效果无显著差异。     

Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to retinal pigmented epithelium in defined conditions using purified extracellular matrix proteins

A potential application of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is the generation of retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) to treat age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), a common but incurable retinal disease. RPE cells derived from hESCs (hESC‐RPEs) and iPSCs (iPSC‐RPEs) express essential RPE markers and can rescue visual function in animal models. However, standard differentiation protocols yield RPE cells at low frequency, especially from iPSC lines, and the common use of Matrigel and xenogeneic feeder cells is not compatible with clinical applications. The extracellular matrix (ECM) can affect differentiation, and therefore changes in ECM composition may improve the frequency of stem cell‐RPE differentiation. We selected several purified ECM proteins and substrates, based on the in vivo RPE ECM environment, and tested their ability to support iPSC‐RPE differentiation and maintenance. iPSCs differentiated on nearly all tested substrates developed pigmented regions, with Matrigel and mouse laminin‐111 supporting the highest pigmentation frequencies. Although iPSC‐RPEs cultured on the majority of the tested substrates expressed key RPE genes, only six substrates supported development of confluent monolayers with normal RPE morphology, including Matrigel and mouse laminin‐111. iPSCs differentiated on mouse laminin‐111 produced iPSC‐RPEs expressing RPE proteins, and hESCs differentiated on mouse laminin‐111 resulted in high yields of functional hESC‐RPEs. This identification of key ECM proteins may assist with future scaffold designs and provide peptide sequences for use in synthetic, xeno‐free, GMP‐compliant generation of RPE from human pluripotent stem cells relevant to clinical translation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Artificial extracellular matrices of collagen and sulphated hyaluronan enhance the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of dexamethasone

In this study we investigated the potential of artificial extracellular matrix (aECM) coatings containing collagen II and two types of glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) with different degrees of sulphation to promote human bone formation in biomedical applications. To this end their impact on growth and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was assessed. The cell proliferation was found to be significantly retarded in the first 14 days of culture on surfaces coated with collagen II and GAGs (coll‐II/GAG) as compared to tissue culture polystyrol (TCPS) and those coated with collagen II. At later time points it only tended to be retarded on coll‐II/sHya3.1. Heat‐inactivation of the serum significantly reduced cell numbers on collagen II and coll‐II/sHya3.1. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition, on the other hand, were higher for coatings containing sHya3.1 and were not significantly changed by heat‐inactivation of the serum. Expression levels of the bone matrix proteins bone sialoprotein (BSP‐II) and osteopontin (OP) were also increased on aECM coatings as compared to TCPS, which further validated the differentiation of hMSCs towards the osteogenic lineage. These observations reveal that aECM coatings, in particular those containing sHya3.1, are suitable to promote the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

体外分离培养人源性脂肪间充质干细胞及其鉴定

目的 体外分离培养人皮下脂肪来源的细胞群,依据国际标准规定通过形态观察、免疫表型检测及多种分化潜能的鉴定证实体外获得的细胞群为脂肪来源的间充质干细胞.方法 采用0.1％胶原酶Ⅰ及0.25％胰酶双消化法进行细胞的体外分离,LG-DMEM培养基加入体积分数为10％胎牛血清,于37℃、5％ CO2的饱和湿度条件下培养,待细胞生长至70％ ～ 80％融合时消化传代扩增.通过倒置显微镜观察细胞形态;流式细胞仪检测细胞免疫表型表达;取第3代细胞,于培养基中分别加入成骨及成脂诱导剂进行定向诱导分化,并对诱导后的细胞染色鉴定.结果 分离培养的细胞群呈长梭状,漩涡样贴壁生长;流式细胞仪检测P2代细胞,其中CD73,CD105,C90,CD44,CD29及CD49d呈阳性表达,而CD14,CD34,CD45,HLA-DR及CD106呈阴性表达;成骨诱导3周后,茜素红染色、VON-KOSSA染色及细胞碱性磷酸酶染色都呈阳性;成脂诱导2周后,细胞内有小脂滴出现,油红O染色呈阳性.结论 胶原酶胰酶双消化法从脂肪组织中分离获得的细胞可贴壁生长;流式细胞仪检测证实细胞表达与间充质干细胞相符的免疫表型;定向诱导后具有成骨及成脂分化能力;符合间充质干细胞的特性.     

Cultured cell‐derived extracellular matrices to enhance the osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic properties of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

Cell‐derived extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a complex assembly of fibrillary proteins, matrix macromolecules, and associated growth factors that mimic the composition and organization of native ECM micro‐environment. Therefore, cultured cell‐derived ECM has been used as a scaffold for tissue engineering settings to create a biomimetic micro‐environment, providing physical, chemical, and mechanical cues to cells, and support cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Here, we present a new strategy to produce different combinations of decellularized cultured cell‐derived ECM (dECM) obtained from different cultured cell types, namely, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), as well as the coculture of MSC:HUVEC and investigate the effects of its various compositions on cell metabolic activity, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic properties of human bone marrow (BM)‐derived MSCs, vital features for adult bone tissue regeneration and repair. Our findings demonstrate that dECM presented higher cell metabolic activity compared with tissue culture polystyrene. More importantly, we show that MSC:HUVEC ECM enhanced the osteogenic and angiogenic potential of BM MSCs, as assessed by in vitro assays. Interestingly, MSC:HUVEC (1:3) ECM demonstrated the best angiogenic response of MSCs in the conditions tested. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates that dECM derived from a coculture of MSC:HUVEC impacts the osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities of BM MSCs, suggesting the potential use of MSC:HUVEC ECM as a therapeutic product to improve clinical outcomes in bone regeneration.