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随着人们生活水平的提高,人们膳食结构发生了很大的改变,疾病谱也随之改变,这说明需要人们采取合理的膳食营养。而对于我们内科来说,冠心病的发病率已逐年上升。冠心病即冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病,是由于冠状动脉粥样硬化而引起管腔狭窄或阻塞,从而导致心肌缺血、缺氧状态的一种疾病。当病情轻微或发展较缓慢时对冠状动脉血流量影响不大或冠 相似文献
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目的分析上海市西北地区冠心病(coronary heart disease, CHD)营养指标的特点,探讨CHD病变严重程度与营养指标的关系。方法将同济大学附属同济医院心血管内科2021年9月—2022年5月130例确诊冠心病患者为研究对象纳入CHD组,分为亚组Ⅰ(50%≤内径狭窄<75%)74例,亚组Ⅱ(75%≤内径狭窄<100%)45例,亚组Ⅲ(完全闭塞梗死)11例;同期排除冠心病的128例体检者作为对照组。比较两组基线特征及营养指标,并探讨冠心病不同病变严重程度与基线特征及营养指标之间的相关性。结果CHD组男性占比及肱三头肌皮褶厚度(triceps skin-fold thickness, TSF)、体重指数(body mass index, BMI)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B, Apo-B)、脂蛋白a[lipoprotein(a), LP(a)]、丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)水平较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),CHD组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A(apolipoprotein A, Apo-A)水平比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在CHD组中,亚组Ⅰ、亚组Ⅱ与亚组Ⅲ TC、HDL和LP(a)水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),TC、Lp(a)、HDL-C与冠心病病变程度相关(P<0.05),OR(95%CI)分别为1.54(1.065~2.152)、1.759(1.212~2.552)、0.325(0.154~0.673)。结论高水平的TC、Lp(a)是上海市西北地区冠心病病变的危险因素,HDL-C是上海市西北地区冠心病病变的保护因子,CHD应加强营养防治。 相似文献
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目的 探讨相位角与冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)患者术前营养状况相关性。方法 收集2021年4-7月在该院心内科拟行PCI手术的120例冠心病住院患者为研究对象。术前采用营养风险筛查表(NRS-2002)、一般情况及膳食情况调查问卷行营养评估,测定人体成分,收集相关营养指标及病情指标,分析相位角与相关指标的相关性。结果 相位角与NRS-2002评分、N末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、细胞内外水分比(ECW/TBW)呈负相关(P<0.05),与血红蛋白、BMI、白蛋白、前白蛋白呈正相关(P<0.05)。以NRS-2002评分作为预测患者营养风险标准,相位角在预测患者短期营养风险的特异度为82.5%,灵敏度为93.1%。能量、蛋白质、钾、Vb1、Vb2、镁、钙、锌、硒等摄入不足(P<0.001),脂肪、钠、铁、铜、锰、磷等摄入超量(P<0.001)。结论 冠心病PCI术前应用相位角评估其营养状况有助于精准指导该类患者围术期的营养治疗。 相似文献
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心血管病发生的绝大部分原因是膳食和营养因素,因此可以预防.不合理的膳食结构使营养摄入不平衡,导致高血压及脑卒中发病率和死亡率居高不下.脂类摄入的不平衡也导致肥胖症、冠心病死亡率、缺血型脑卒中发病率等逐年上升.国际营养学界对膳食指南认识上的方向性转变是:从以营养素为基础的膳食指南转向以食物为基础的膳食指南,并提出膳食、营养与心血管病的预防建议. 相似文献
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同型半胱氨酸与冠心病 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
随着人们生活水平的提高和平均寿命的延长 ,我国冠心病的患病率也逐年上升 ,已成为严重危害人民健康的常见病。积极消除冠心病的危险因素 ,可有效防止冠心病的发生、发展。除了高血脂、高血压、吸烟、糖尿病、肥胖等常见的冠心病易患因素外 ,新近研究提示血浆同型半胱氨酸 (homocysteine ;HCY)水平升高也是冠心病一个独立的危险因素[1] 。现就血浆HCY与冠心病的关系综述如下。1 HCY的存在形式 在血浆中 ,HCY以蛋白结合型 (约占 70 % )和游离型 (约占3 0 % )的形式存在 ,后者又包括还原型HCY和游离氧化型两种… 相似文献
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I. McLean Baird 《Postgraduate medical journal》1971,47(543):30-32
Firstly, the incidence of obesity in the United Kingdom is not accurately known at the present time. Secondly, regional studies indicate that approximately half the population is overweight. The relationship of major degrees of obesity with sudden death and angina is established. The reversibility of the rise in coronary heart disease in obese subjects after weight reduction suggests that this is an important prophylactic measure particularly in middle-aged men. Thirdly, the prospective role of exercise in preventing coronary heart disease particularly in obese subjects deserves further investigation. 相似文献
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Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease risk 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
CONTEXT: Research has suggested a relationship between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease (CHD), but data on the association between these 2 common conditions are inconclusive due to the possibility of confounding. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of CHD in persons with periodontitis, gingivitis, or no periodontal disease. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, conducted in 1982-1984, 1986, 1987, and 1992. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 8032 dentate adults aged 25 to 74 years with no reported history of cardiovascular disease, including 1859 individuals with periodontitis, 2421 with gingivitis, and 3752 with healthy periodontal tissues. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: First occurrence of death from CHD or hospitalization due to CHD, or revascularization procedures, obtained from death certificates and medical records, by baseline periodontal status. RESULTS: During follow-up, 1265 individuals had at least 1 CHD event, including CHD fatality (n = 468) or at least 1 hospitalization with a diagnosis of CHD (n = 1022), including coronary revascularization procedures (n = 155). After adjustment for known cardiovascular risk factors, gingivitis was not associated with CHD (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.26), while periodontitis was associated with a nonsignificant increased risk for CHD event (hazard ratio, 1. 14; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.36). CONCLUSION: This study did not find convincing evidence of a causal association between periodontal disease and CHD risk. JAMA. 2000;284:1406-1410. 相似文献
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