咔唑生物碱及其二聚体的抗疟原虫活性

芸香科Murraya属的热带植物已被广泛用于治疗湿疹、风湿和水肿。大量植化研究发现该属植物中广泛存在的二级代谢物咔唑生物碱及其二聚体，如murrayafolineA和bismurrayaquinoneA。但到目前为止与该属植物药理性质相关的活性成分尚不清楚。作者最近发现某些合成的咔唑生物碱及其二聚体在体外具有抗恶性疟原虫的活性。因此，作者进一步合成了一系列类似物并报道了豆叶九里香M．euchrestifolia及天然和合成咔唑类似物的有关抗疟活性测试的结果。豆叶九里香干燥枝、叶、根皮分别研碎，冷冻干燥，在室温下用丙酮辅以超声苹取，蒸干溶剂，所得萃…     

月光花属植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展

月光花属Calonyction Choisy植物是具有民族特色的药用植物,其中含有生物碱、挥发油、苯丙素等化学成分,药理实验研究表明其生物碱类成分具有较强的抗菌、消炎、镇痛等药理活性。本文综述了月光花属植物的化学成分及药理作用方面的研究进展,以期促进该属植物的开发利用。     

冬青属药用植物资源、化学成分及药理作用研究进展

以国内外相关文献为基础,综述了冬青属药用植物资源的分布及近几年来冬青属植物化学成分和药理活性研究主要进展概况.冬青属植物主要分布于秦岭以南及长江流域以南各省区,而西南及华南的种类最为丰富,其中多种植物可供药用.冬青属植物中含有三萜类、黄酮类等化学成分,具有对心血管、抗肿瘤、抗炎、降压、降脂等多种活性作用.今后应扩展冬青属植物物种资源的研究范围;对有较强药用价值的植物进行系统的化学成分、药理活性及质量标准控制等多方面的研究;对冬青属药用植物的化学成分进行系统的研究.     

九里香化学及抗生育作用研究概况

综述近１０年来九里香的化学，尤其是九里香抗生育有效物质的分离，纯化和合成，以及抗生育作用的药理研究概况，提示九里香中可能存在２种以上不同结构的抗生育活性成分，以皮分离物的作用效果最佳。     

紫堇属植物生物碱类化学成分与药理作用

紫堇属植物分布广泛,且多种作为药用,其所含有的生物碱类化学成分主要为异喹啉类生物碱。本属植物及其提取物具有抗心律失常、抗菌、保肝等药理活性,深入研究后可开发为天然药物。     

天然聚乙炔醇的研究进展

含聚乙炔醇的多种植物为传统药用植物,长期应用于中医药临床治疗。近年来国内外对聚乙炔醇开展了多方面的深入研究,其提取分离方法、鉴定、合成途径等均得到改进和优化,同时发现其具有神经保护、神经营养、抗肿瘤、抗炎、肝保护等多种药理活性。结合近期对聚乙炔醇药理研究的结果,对其化学、药理及其作用机制等的研究进行综述,以期为聚乙炔醇的进一步研究提供参考。     

菊三七属植物化学成分和药理作用研究进展

菊科菊三七属植物中含有生物碱、香豆素类、黄酮类、苯并呋喃及苯并吡喃衍生物等活性成分,具有良好的镇痛、止血、抗凝血、抗疟、抗炎、降血糖、抗肿瘤等药理活性。以国内外文献为依据,主要介绍了菊三七属植物的化学及药理研究状况,为进一步开展该属植物的化学成分和药理研究提供参考。     

苦参碱类生物碱的研究进展及临床应用

苦参碱类生物碱广泛存在于苦参、苦豆子、广豆根等豆种植物中，是一组化学结构近似的生物碱，包括苦参碱、氧苦参碱、槐果碱、槐定碱等多种单体。本文综述这一类生物碱的成分分析、药理活性、临床应用及其药代动力学的研究。     

风轮菜属药用植物的研究进展

风轮菜属药用植物在我国分布广泛,药用价值前景良好。目前研究发现该属植物中主要含有黄酮和皂苷类成分,现代药理学研究表明其主要具有止血、抗菌、抗炎、降血糖、抗肿瘤、抗辐射等生物活性。主要对近年来该属植物的化学成分和药理活性进行综述,为该属植物的开发利用提供科学依据。     

蒺藜及其同属植物的化学与药理学研究进展

蒺藜是传统中医药和印度阿育吠陀医疗体系药用植物,富含甾体皂苷,具有降压、调血脂、降血糖、镇痛、利尿、催欲、抗癌和抗菌等多种药理活性。综述了近年来对蒺藜及同属植物翅蒺藜、长翅蒺藜、细刺疾藜、五蕊蒺藜的化学与药理研究进展。     

Pharmacological properties of Datura stramonium L. as a potential medicinal tree: An overview

India has a great wealth of various naturally occurring plant drugs which have great potential pharmacological activities. Datura stramonium (D. stramonium) is one of the widely well known folklore medicinal herbs. The troublesome weed, D. stramonium is a plant with both poisonous and medicinal properties and has been proven to have great pharmacological potential with a great utility and usage in folklore medicine. D. stromonium has been scientifically proven to contain alkaloids, tannins, carbohydrates and proteins. This plant has contributed various pharmacological actions in the scientific field of Indian systems of medicines like analgesic and antiasthmatic activities. The present paper presents an exclusive review work on the ethnomedical, phytochemical, pharmacological activities of this plant.     

白花丹参丙酮酸脱羧酶基因的克隆和表达分析

家独行菜是世界多个地区的传统药物,从中分离的化学成分主要有生物碱、黄酮类、萜烯和芥子油苷等,现代药理学研究表明家独行菜具有降血糖、降血压、治疗胃肠病和骨折等活性。综述了家独行菜的化学成分和药理作用,为明确其药效成分以及作用物质基础提供参考和依据。     

吡咯里西啶生物碱的细胞毒性及致毒机制研究进展

吡咯里西啶生物碱广泛分布于6 000多种高等植物中，是一类肝毒性很强的天然产物。吡咯里西啶生物碱在肝脏代谢成活性代谢物吡咯后产生肝毒性。利用体外细胞毒性研究方法评价吡咯里西啶生物碱的毒性，对于阐明吡咯里西啶生物碱的致毒机制，研究开发拮抗其毒性的药物及保证临床用药安全具有重要意义。本文对吡咯里西啶生物碱的细胞毒性及致毒机制的研究进展进行综述。     

冬凌草化学成分和药理活性研究进展

早在20世纪70年代,冬凌草良好的抗癌活性就引起了人们关注,进一步研究发现,冬凌草中含有萜类、生物碱、甾体、黄酮、挥发油、氨基酸、有机酸、单糖等成分,并具有抗肿瘤、抗菌消炎、免疫增强、抗氧化、抗突变、降压等药理作用。本文对冬凌草的化学成分、药理作用进行了综述,为该植物的进一步开发奠定基础。     

含笑属植物所含化学成分与其生物活性的综述

属木兰科的含笑属植物大约有80多个种类,它们大都分布在南亚国家。这些植物被当地人用于治疗各种疾病,如发烧、绞痛、麻风病、眼疾、炎症以及解蝎子毒。从9种含笑属植物中分离出94种化合物,例如倍半萜烯、类固醇、黄酮类、阿扑啡类、苯酚、酯类、生物碱和苯环型化合物等,它们具有抗菌、抗癌以及抗疟原虫活性。本文详细地论述了含笑属植物所含化学成分的生物及化学性能。     

Plant profile,phytochemistry and pharmacology of Cordia dichotoma (Indian cherry): A review

More than half of the world''s population relies on the traditional medicine and major role of the traditional medicine including the use of plant extract and their active constituents. Among them, Cordia dichotoma Forst., a small to moderate size plant of family Boragenaceae, commonly called bhokar, lasura, gonda, Indian cherry and shlesmataka. Plant parts such as leaves, fruit, bark and seed have been reported for possessing antidiabetic, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulator and analgesic activity. Screening of fruit, leaves and seed shows the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and sterols. Present review focuses on details of geographical distribution, physicochemical parameters, phytoconstituents and pharmacological properties of Cordia dichotoma reported so far.     

Hallucinogenic plant poisoning in children

Datura is a hallucinogenic plant found in urban or rural areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia KSA. It grows wildly in many parts of the country. Its taste and shape makes it unattractive to both man and animals, though deliberate use by young adults for its hallucinogenic effects have been widely reported for the past 30 years. Datura contains 3 main toxic alkaloids: atropine, scopolamine and hyoscamine. Consumption of any part of the plant can result in severe anticholinergic toxicity. Clinical symptoms are those seen in atropine poisoning, particularly mydriasis and hallucinations. Children have a special susceptibility to atropine toxicity; even small amount may produce central nervous system manifestations. Hospitalization is required for agitation and combative behavior although symptomatic treatment is usually sufficient. We report a case of acute Datura stramonium intoxication in a 6-year-old boy from Khamis Mushayt, KSA, who presented with restlessness, hallucinations and mydriasis 8 hours after ingesting the seeds of Datura plant.     

Astible Rivularis: Bioactive Compounds and Pharmacological Functions

Astilbe rivularis Buch. Ham., a rhizomatous perennial herb of the Saxifragaceae family, has been listed in rare species. In traditional medicine the plant has been used for the treatment of ulcer, bleeding during child birth, inflammation, body ache, diarrhea, and dysentery. This article reviews and analyses the traditional use, pharmacological activities of the corresponding bioactive compounds, and toxicological data on A. rivularis species. A. rivularis has been used across Indian subcontinent to treat various human ailments. Its extract consists of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and glycosides. These extracts as well as isolated bioactive compounds demonstrated various biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-peptic ulcer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Toxicological studies of the extract on brine shrimp larvae demonstrated mild toxicity; however no acute toxicity in mice. Although the pharmacological effect of A. rivularis has been poorly explored, the available data validated its use in ethnomedicine. To reveal the cryptic therapeutic potential of the species, research should focus on identification and mechanistic studies of the bioactive compounds.     

Ethno botanical and Phytophrmacological potential of Abrus precatorius L.: A review

Medicinal plants are being widely used, either as a single drug or in combination in health care delivery system. Medicinal plants can be important source of previously unknown chemical substances with potential therapeutic effects. Abrus precatorius L. is commonly known as Gunja or Jequirity and abundantly found all throughout the plains of India, from Himalaya down to Southern India and Ceylon. This plant is having medicinal potential to cure various diseases. The roots, leaves and seeds of this plant are used for different medicinal purpose. It principally contains flavonoids, triterpene glycosides, abrin and alkaloids. The plant have been reported for neuromuscular effects, neuro-protective, abortifacient, antiepileptic, anti-viral, anti-malarial, antifertility, nephroprotective, immunomodulator, immunostimulatory properties, anti-inflammatory activity, antidiabetic effect, etc. As this is a potential medicinal plant, present review reveals chemical constituents of leaf, root and seeds of Abrus precatorius. The plant is considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines against various diseases and also for the development of industrial products.     

远志化学及药理作用研究进展

远志（Polygala tenuifolia Willd.）,又名细叶远志,是传统中药远志最重要的基源植物,具有益智安神、消痰驱肿之功效。远志中化学成分主要包含三萜皂苷类、糖酯类、■酮类,也含有少量的生物碱、香豆素、木质素等。研究表明,远志在抗痴呆、脑保护、镇静、抗惊厥、抗抑郁、祛痰镇咳、保护心脑血管等方面具有良好活性。同时,远志具有刺激性及毒性,但通过炮制、配伍能够使其刺激性及毒性降低。本文主要对远志的化学成分及其药理活性进行总结,为远志的研究与应用提供参考。