不同开窍药对神经中枢系统兴奋-镇静作用的影响

目的:探讨石菖蒲、冰片、麝香及苏合香的有效成分(β-细辛醚、冰片、麝香酮及苏合香挥发油)对小鼠中枢神经系统兴奋-镇静作用的影响。方法:50只昆明小鼠雌雄各半,随机平均分为5组:β-细辛醚组、冰片组、麝香酮组、苏合香组、空白组,灌胃给药7 d,分别进行自主活动实验、睡眠实验、中枢兴奋实验、耐缺氧实验,并记录自主活动情况、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠时间、惊厥次数、惊厥潜伏期、惊厥率、死亡率和抗耐缺氧存活时间。结果:①β-细辛醚、冰片和苏合香能减少小鼠自主活动,起到镇静作用(P0.05);②β-细辛醚、冰片及苏合香挥发油能缩短戊巴比妥钠睡眠持续时间,以冰片的作用最强(P0.05);③β-细辛醚、冰片、麝香酮及苏合香挥发油均对抗苦味毒及士的宁兴奋中枢神经系统,起镇静抗惊厥作用(P0.05);④β-细辛醚、冰片能延长小鼠耐缺氧存活时间,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:石菖蒲、麝香、冰片及苏合香的有效成分(β-细辛醚、冰片、麝香酮及苏合香挥发油)对兴奋性中枢神经系统有较强的双向调节作用。     

静神颗粒镇静、安神、抗惊厥作用研究

静神颗粒60和30g／kg能明显减少正常小鼠和苯丙胺兴奋小鼠的自主活动，延长戊巴比妥钠引起的睡眠时间，缩短催眠潜伏期，和戊巴比妥阈下催眠剂量具有明显的协同作用，并明显延长中枢兴奋剂回苏灵和尼可刹米所致小鼠惊厥的潜伏期，并明显抑制尼可刹米致惊厥小鼠的死亡率，提高尼可刹米半数致死剂量。结果提示静神颗粒具有明显的中枢镇静、安神和抗惊厥作用。     

伪麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠中枢作用的研究

目的 了解伪麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠中枢神经系统的作用。方法 采用行为药理学实验观察伪麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠一般行为、自主活动、对戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠潜伏期、睡眠持续时间以及戊四氮、烟碱和印防己毒素诱导惊厥作用的影响。结果 12．5、25．0、50．0、100．0mg／kg伪麻黄碱水杨酸腹腔注射后,小鼠外观行为表现为兴奋,但自主活动被抑制;以上4个剂量的伪麻黄碱水杨酸可显著抑制戊巴比妥钠诱导的催眠作用;100．0mg／kg伪麻黄碱水杨酸对戊四氮、烟碱及印防己毒素诱导的惊厥具有协同作用。结论 伪麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠中枢具有兴奋作用。     

同仁安神丸主要药效学实验研究

目的对同仁安神丸主要治疗作用进行药效学研究。方法灌胃给予同仁安神丸原粉(不含蜜),观察其对小鼠抗尼可刹米诱发惊厥发作的作用,对睡眠、学习记忆、自主活动及对小鼠失血性贫血作用的影响。结果同仁安神丸能明显延长小鼠抗尼可刹米诱发惊厥发作潜伏期(P<0.05);能延长小鼠死亡时间,但无统计学意义;可明显延长小鼠服用戊巴比妥钠后睡眠时间(P<0.05),缩短入睡潜伏期(P<0.05);明显增加戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量小鼠入睡只数(P<0.003);明显减少小鼠的自主活动次数(P<0.05);明显增加失血小鼠血红蛋白(Hb)含量(P<0.05);但对小鼠学习记忆行为无明显影响。结论同仁安神丸具有镇静安神养血的作用,与传统临床应用效果一致。     

麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠中枢兴奋作用的研究

目的：研究麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠中枢的兴奋作用。方法：实验小鼠给予不同剂量的麻黄碱水杨酸后，用GJ-1型光电计数仪记录小鼠一般行为、自主活动的改变，观察戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠潜伏期和睡眠持续时间的改变及观察对戊四氮、烟碱和印防己毒素诱导惊厥和小鼠死亡的影响。结果：12．5、25．0、50．0、100mg／kg麻黄碱水杨酸腹腔注射后，小鼠外观行为表现为兴奋，但自主活动被抑制；以上4个剂量的麻黄碱水杨酸可显著抑制戊巴比妥钠诱导的催眠作用；100mg/kg麻黄碱水杨酸对戊四氮、烟碱及印防己毒素诱导的惊厥具有协同作用。结论：麻黄碱水杨酸对小鼠中枢具有兴奋作用。     

养心安神汤镇静催眠作用实验研究

目的：养心安神汤系云南中医学院杨国祥教授多年从事中医临床工作的经验方，具有养心安神之功效，为印证该方的临床效果，选择镇静催眠指标进行实验。方法：养心安神汤对小鼠自发性活动的影响（抖笼法）；对小鼠入睡个数的影响，对中枢兴奋药所致小鼠惊厥的影响。结果：养心安神汤能减少小鼠自发性活动；与戊巴比妥钠有明显的协同作用，增加小鼠睡个数，对中枢兴奋剂回苏林所致的小鼠惊厥，具有延长惊厥潜伏期及死亡时间的作用，结论：养心安汤具有镇静催眠的作用。     

熟地黄及其多糖中枢抑制作用研究

目的:研究熟地黄及其多糖的中枢抑制作用.方法:通过小鼠自发活动实验、抗惊厥实验、镇静催眠实验观察熟地黄及其多糖对中枢的抑制作用.结果:熟地黄煎液、熟地黄多糖均能够抑制小鼠的自发活动;缩短阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期,延长睡眠时间;延缓异烟肼惊厥的发作潜伏期,减少动物死亡数.结论:熟地黄煎液、熟地黄多糖对中枢神经系统具有抑制作用.     

龙香散对中枢神经系统的抑制效应

药理实验结果表明，龙香散可明显对抗脑闩下注射微量青霉素G－K而引发的大鼠王叉神经痛样反应；明显对抗中枢兴奋药利他林所致的动物兴奋效应；明显对抗咖啡因、回苏灵、最大电休克而致的小鼠惊厥。结果提示龙香散对中枢的明显抑制效应，为该方药在中医临床的应用提供了实验依据。     

养阴镇静片对中枢神经系统作用研究

目的：通过动物模型观察养阴镇静片对中枢神经系统的作用,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法：昆明种小鼠,ig给药养阴镇静片0．55,1．10,2．20g.kg^-1（相当生药1．3,2．6,5．2g.kg^-1),观察养阴镇静片对小鼠自主活动次数,戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间,苯甲酸钠咖啡因致小鼠惊厥的持续时间的影响。结果：养阴镇静片明显减少小鼠自主活动次数,延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间,缩短苯甲酸钠咖啡因致小鼠惊厥的持续时间,降低惊厥率,且有明显的剂量依赖关系。结论：养阴镇静片具有中枢抑制作用。     

安神宁胶囊对小鼠镇静、催眠和失血性贫血的影响

目的：观察安神宁胶囊对小鼠镇静、催眠和失血性贫血的影响。方法：观察安神宁胶囊对小鼠自主活动情况、与戊巴比妥钠的协同作用、对小鼠失血前后红细胞数和血红蛋白含量变化的影响。结果：安神宁胶囊能显著减少小鼠自主活动,缩短阈上催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠的睡眠潜伏期及延长睡眠时间,增加戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量入睡动物只数,升高失血性贫血小鼠外周血中红细胞数和血红蛋白含量。结论：安神宁胶囊具有镇静、催眠和补血的作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.