冬凌草甲素抑制人肝癌BEL-7402细胞生长及诱导细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的探讨冬凌草甲素体外对肝癌BEL-7402细胞生长抑制作用及诱导细胞凋亡作用机制。方法以8、16、24、32μmol/L冬凌草甲素作用于体外培养的BEL-7402细胞,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率,应用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Hoechst33258荧光染色法和DNA凝胶电泳观察细胞凋亡时的形态学变化。应用Westernblotting观察caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达变化。结果冬凌草甲素可显著地抑制BEL-7402细胞的生长,诱导细胞发生凋亡,并呈现出明显的量-效与时-效关系。冬凌草甲素作用60h后,在Hoechst33258荧光染色图片上可见核浓缩及核碎裂等典型的细胞凋亡特征,同时Westernblotting显示32000的caspase-3酶原蛋白的激活,出现20000的亚单位,凋亡过程中伴有Bcl-2蛋白表达的降低和Bax蛋白上调。结论冬凌草甲素能通过降低Bcl-2蛋白表达和上调Bax蛋白诱导细胞发生凋亡,抑制BEL-7402细胞的生长;冬凌草甲素可能成为一种潜在的抗肝癌药物。     

冬凌草甲素对急性白血病原代细胞的增殖抑制作用

目的研究冬凌草甲素对急性白血病原代细胞的增殖抑制作用。方法以人急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)患者的骨髓原代细胞为研究对象,以不同浓度的冬凌草甲素作用于体外培养的白血病细胞,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率,应用流式细胞仪、台盼蓝染色及Hoechst33258荧光染色法观察细胞凋亡。结果冬凌草甲素体外可明显地抑制白血病原代细胞的增殖,并能诱导细胞发生凋亡,而且呈现出明显的量-效与时-效关系。结论冬凌草甲素能有效地抑制APL细胞的生长及诱导细胞发生凋亡,是一种潜在的抗白血病药物。     

芸香苷诱导K562细胞凋亡机制

目的研究芸香苷诱导白血病K 562细胞凋亡过程中caspase-3基因及细胞色素C的表达。方法体外培养白血病K 562细胞,M TT法观察细胞毒作用,测定IC50,Hoechst 33342/P I双荧光染色后,荧光显微镜下观察细胞核形态,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,TR IZOL试剂提取K 562细胞RNA,核酸定量仪检测纯度,RT-PCR扩增,紫外透射检测扩增产物,扩增产物测序,观察caspase-3的表达,4×1-0 5m o l/L药物处理细胞后,分离细胞线粒体和胞浆,经SDS-PAGE电泳分离蛋白,W estern b lotting检测线粒体、细胞浆细胞色素C表达。结果芸香苷浓度为2×1-0 5、4×10-5、8×10-5m o l/L时,细胞生长受到显著抑制,并呈剂量依赖性;不同浓度芸香苷处理K 562细胞44h后,应用M TT比色法计算IC50为4×1-0 5m o l/L;4×10-5m o l/L芸香苷处理细胞24 h后,Hoechest 33342/P I双荧光染色可观察到明显核固缩、凝集等细胞凋亡表现;流式细胞仪检测芸香苷处理后G2期细胞显著增多(64.7%),DNA合成受抑,凋亡率增加;PCR产物经过琼脂糖凝胶电泳,紫外透射仪下明显观察到500 bp条带,产物经过序列测定证实芸香苷处理细胞诱导caspase-3基因的表达;W estern B lotting检测线粒体细胞色素C表达水平下调,细胞浆出现明显细胞色素C蛋白条带。结论芸香苷诱导K 562细胞caspase-3基因表达,细胞色素C通过线粒体膜进入胞浆,导致细胞线粒体功能异常,细胞发生凋亡,线粒体途径诱导白血病细胞凋亡是其作用机制之一。     

冬凌草甲素通过线粒体途径诱导人胆囊癌GBC-SD细胞凋亡

目的 研究冬凌草甲素诱导人胆囊癌GBC-SD细胞的凋亡作用及其机制.方法 MTS法检测冬凌草甲素对GBC-SD细胞的生长抑制作用;瑞氏染色法观察细胞的形态学变化;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率、线粒体膜电位改变、caspase-3活性变化;Western blot检测caspase-9活化情况.结果 冬凌草甲素能显著抑制GBC-SD细胞增殖,呈时间剂量依赖性(P＜0.05).细胞形态学观察可见冬凌草甲素可诱导细胞发生凋亡.流式细胞仪检测结果显示28 μmol/L药物处理GBC-SD细胞24h后,细胞凋亡率为51.28％±2.65％.随着药物浓度增加,GBC-SD细胞线粒体膜电位逐渐下降而caspase-3活性逐渐增强,56μmol/L组caspase-3活性是对照组的11倍.Western blot分析结果显示caspase-9酶原被激活,且活化条带随药物浓度的增加而增强.结论 冬凌草甲素可能通过细胞线粒体膜电位下降激活caspase-3并最终诱导GBC-SD细胞凋亡.     

冬凌草甲素对Raji细胞的增殖抑制作用及其机制

目的探讨冬凌草甲素对B淋巴细胞白血病细胞株Raji细胞的增殖抑制作用及其机制。方法以不同浓度的冬凌草甲素作用于体外培养的Raji细胞，MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率，应用流式细胞仪、Hoechst 33258荧光染色法观察细胞凋亡，TRAP-PCR-ELISA法检测细胞凋亡前后的端粒酶活性。结果冬凌草甲素可显著降低Raji细胞的端粒酶活性，抑制细胞的生长，诱导细胞发生凋亡，并呈现出明显的剂量-效应与时间-效应关系。结论冬凌草甲素对B淋巴细胞白血病具有明显的体外抗白血病作用，降低细胞端粒酶活性，诱导细胞发生凋亡，可能是其重要作用机制。     

冬凌草甲素通过线粒体途径诱导入黑色素瘤A375—S2细胞凋亡

目的　研究冬凌草甲素诱导人黑色素瘤 A375 - S2细胞凋亡的作用机制。方法　 MTT法检测冬凌草甲素对 A375 - S2细胞生长的影响及各种 Caspase抑制剂、佛波酯 (PMA)、PKC抑制剂 H- 7对冬凌草甲素作用的影响 ;DNA凝胶电泳法检测细胞凋亡 ;L DH法测定乳酸脱氢酶 (L DH)活力。结果　冬凌草甲素对 A375 - S2细胞生长有显著抑制作用 ,并能显著诱导 A375 - S2细胞发生凋亡 ,其作用呈明显的量效关系和时间依赖性。形态学观察可见凋亡小体的形成 ,琼脂糖凝胶电泳可见凋亡典型的 DNA梯带 ;Caspase家族抑制剂 ,Caspase- 9抑制剂能显著抑制冬凌草甲素诱导 A375 - S2细胞的凋亡。大剂量 PMA(4 0 0 ng/m L)显著抑制 34.3μmol/L 冬凌草甲素诱导 A375 - S2细胞凋亡 ,而小剂量 PMA(10 ng/m L)与冬凌草甲素有协同杀死细胞的作用 ,且 PKC抑制剂 H- 7也可下调这种凋亡作用。 Caspase- 3的抑制剂可抑制 Caspase- 3的活力升高。结论　适宜浓度的冬凌草甲素 (34.3μm ol/L )诱导A375 - S2细胞凋亡 ,这种作用是通过线粒体调节 Caspase的激活来实现的。     

冬凌草甲素对膀胱癌T24细胞生长抑制作用的研究

目的探讨冬凌草甲素对膀胱癌T24细胞的生长抑制作用及机制。方法以不同浓度的冬凌草甲素作用于体外培养的T24细胞,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率,并应用Hoechst33258荧光染色法以流式细胞仪观察细胞凋亡情况。结果冬凌草甲素可显著抑制T24细胞的生长,诱导细胞凋亡,并呈现出明显的剂量-效应与时间-效应关系。结论冬凌草甲素对膀胱癌具有明显的体外抗肿瘤作用,诱导细胞凋亡可能是其重要作用机制。     

黄芩素对人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞生长的抑制作用

目的:探讨黄芩素对人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞生长的抑制作用及可能机制。方法:采用磺酰罗丹明B(SRB)法检测黄芩素对HeLa细胞生长的抑制作用;Hoechst 33258荧光染色法观察黄芩素对HeLa细胞凋亡的诱导作用;比色法测定黄芩素对HeLa细胞内caspase-3活性的影响。结果:不同浓度黄芩素作用24、36、48h后均可抑制HeLa细胞生长(P<0.05~P<0.01);黄芩素作用24h后,HeLa细胞凋亡率增加(P<0.01),细胞内caspase-3活性增强(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:黄芩素能抑制HeLa细胞生长,其机制可能与诱导细胞凋亡及增强caspase-3活性有关。     

白花丹醌诱导人白血病细胞-NB4凋亡的实验研究

目的:探讨白花丹醌诱导人白血病细胞-NB4的凋亡途径.方法:取白花丹醌终浓度10μmol/L作用于人白血病细胞-NB4不同时间,比色法测定半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3,-8,-9(caspase-3,-8,-9)的活性;westenblot显示死亡受体凋亡途径中重要蛋白:caspase-8和Bid的裂解;流式分析caspase酶抑制剂作用下白花丹醌诱导NB4细胞凋亡的改变.结果:白花丹醌通过激活包括caspase-8和Bid在内的caspase依赖途径诱导NB4细胞凋亡.结论:caspase-8是白花丹醌抗白血病作用的重要环节.死亡受体途径可能在白花丹醌诱导白血病细胞凋亡过程中具有重要作用.     

冬凌草甲素对骨肉瘤细胞的凋亡诱导效应的研究

目的：考察冬凌草甲素是否能诱导MG-63细胞凋亡。方法：用不同浓度的冬凌草甲素作用于MG-63细胞,用Hochest33258染色鉴定MG-63细胞凋亡的形态学特征;用流式细胞仪分析MG-63早期凋亡细胞的百分率;用Caspase-8蛋白印迹分析证明MG-63细胞凋亡发生的分子特征。结果：凋亡细胞形态学鉴定、流式细胞仪检测均有力证明冬凌草甲素能以浓度依赖性方式诱导MG-63细胞凋亡;冬凌草甲素诱导MG-63细胞凋亡伴有Caspase-8蛋白表达上调和裂解激活。结论：冬凌草甲素能以浓度依赖性方式诱导MG-63细胞凋亡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.