SilverHawk斑块切除系统治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的初步临床应用

目的 评价SilverHawk直接斑块切除术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)的临床疗效及安全性.方法 应用SilverHawk斑块切除系统治疗7例ASO患者,管腔闭塞或狭窄≥80%,病变长度1.8～14.5 cm.临床表现(Fontaine分类):Ⅱb级4例、Ⅲ级1例、Ⅳ级2例.踝肱指数(ABI)0.28~0.65.术后随访观察疗效,观察指标包括临床症状、彩色超声或CTA检测管腔通畅情况.随访和观察指标用中位数表示,统计方法 用两样本的Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验.结果 7例患者的7个闭塞病变均经腔内开通成功(残余狭窄<30%).临床症状均消失或明显改善;Fontaine分类:Ⅰ级6例、Ⅱ a级1例.ABI为0.82～1.18,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.002).随访1~6个月,ABI仍为0.75～1.14,与术后比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.938),Fontaine分类同术后.结论 SiLverHawk直接斑块切除术是治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的一种安全有效的新方法.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficiency and seeurity of SilverHawk directional atherectomy device in treating arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremity.Methods Seyen patients with lower extremity ischemia were treated with SilverHawk directional atherectomy.The lesions length varied from 1.8 to 14.5 cm.Clinical symptoms(Fontaine classification)included 4 cases of grade Ⅱ b,1 case of grade Ⅲ,2 cases of grade Ⅳ.The ABI varied from 0.28 to 0.65.Patency was evaluated with color duplex sonography or CTA besides clinical examination during follow-up.Results Seven occlusive lesions were recanalizated successfully.The technical success(residual stenosis<30%)rate was 100%. Clinical symptoms were obviously improved or disappeared.The ABI varied from 0.82 to 1.18(P=0.002),and Fontaine classification included 6 cases of Ⅰ:1 case of Ⅱ a.Patency rate was 100%and the ABI varied from 0.75 to 1.14(P=0.938).Fontaine classifications keep consistent l-6 nonths after operation.Conclusion SilverHawk drectional atherectomy Was a safe and effective way for treatment of lower arteriosclerosis obliteran.     

介入治疗复杂下肢动脉硬化闭塞症技术与疗效分析

目的 探讨根据下肢动脉硬化闭塞症( ASO)复杂病变的影像特征进行个体化介入治疗的方法和效果.方法 回顾性分析78例下肢动脉ASO复杂病变患者的临床、影像和随访资料.68例为泛大西洋学会共识(TASC)ⅡC或D级病变,10例为影像特征较复杂的TASCⅡB级病变;共103处病变.临床表现Fontaine stageⅢ、Ⅳ型和较重的Ⅱ型.在具有较好的流出道血管及适用的穿刺入路基本条件下,将长段闭塞、平齐闭塞、多发闭塞、腘动脉闭塞、膝以下动脉闭塞以及主髂动脉闭塞等复杂病变均视为适应证,针对病变影像特点灵活选择穿刺入路,应用内膜下再通技术顺行开通或双向开通闭塞段.对术后踝臂指数(ABI)行t检验.结果 73例患者再通治疗获技术成功,未发生重要并发症.再通后肢体缺血症状立即减轻,平均ABI由术前0.45±0.07增加至0.76±0.11(t=- 19.78,P＜ 0.01).5例再通失败者未导致症状恶化.47例随访6～12个月,22例未见肢体缺血症状复发.结论 根据影像特征指导选择介入治疗方法能避免TASC分型指导适应证选择的局限性,使更多ASO病变通过非手术方法得到有效治疗.     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的血管腔内介入治疗

目的探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)的腔内介入治疗方法和疗效。方法对21例下肢ASO患者行经皮血管成形术(PTA)和PTA后选择性支架置入术,观察术前和术后7天踝肱指数(ABI)的变化,随访6～24个月观察疗效。结果 21例的23条肢体有20条腔内介入治疗成功,单纯PTA12条,PTA后支架置入8条,术后死亡1例。介入治疗成功者术后7天ABI均较术前明显升高。有随访结果的16例,14例达到保肢目的,平均临床疗效评分结果介于较好到好之间。结论腔内介入治疗能安全、有效地改善下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的缺血症状,在各项临床治疗手段中占有重要地位。精细的介入操作、全面的围手术期处理和术后随访有助提高腔内介入治疗的成功率和中、远期疗效。     

外周斑块切除系统治疗髂外动脉硬化斑块一例

我院于2009年7月利用外周斑块切除系统(Silver HawkTM斑块切除系统)对1例髂外动脉完全硬化闭塞患者实施血管腔内硬化斑块切除术,取得成功,现报道如下.     

低温球囊治疗下肢动脉狭窄与闭塞的初步临床研究

目的 观察低温球囊治疗下肢动脉狭窄、闭塞的近期疗效及安全性。方法 纳入25例下肢动脉狭窄、闭塞的患者（共27条动脉）,按随机数字表分为低温球囊组及普通球囊组,分别行下肢动脉球囊成形术。低温球囊组10例,病变长度(6.7±0.9)cm,狭窄程度(91±6)％,Fontaine分级Ⅱ级7例、Ⅲ级3例,按泛大西洋介人学会协议(TASC)分型A型8例、B型2例,踝肱指数(ABI)0.46±0.07;普通球囊组15例,病变长度(6.5±0.7)cm,狭窄程度(89±7)％,Fontaine分级,Ⅱ级13例、Ⅲ级2例;TASC分型,A型13例、B型2例,ABI 0.48±0.08,两组患者一般临床症状和体征比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。按Rutherford治疗后肢体状态7级评估法,评估术后临床变化。采用重复测量方差分析比较两组术后2d及30 d疗效。结果 低温球囊组10例技术成功,术中未发生血管壁损伤,术后30 d临床症状显著改善8例,中度改善2例;ABI 0.84 ±0.04;狭窄程度(29±4)％。普通球囊组15例技术操作均成功,其中1例发生血管壁夹层,术后30 d临床症状显著改善13例,中度改善2例;ABI 0.84 ±0.05;狭窄程度(32±4)％。两组术前与术后的ABI(P ＜0.01)、狭窄程度(P＜0.01)差异均有统计学意义;两组之间的ABI(P ＝0.20)、狭窄程度(P＝0.55)差异无统计学意义。结论 低温球囊治疗下肢动脉狭窄闭塞安全并具有较好的近期疗效。     

顺行穿刺腔内治疗膝下动脉硬化闭塞症的疗效评估

目的 探讨并评估顺行穿刺腔内治疗在膝下动脉硬化闭塞症中的应用价值及疗效.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月至2012年1月接受腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗的下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者59例,随访3个月至2年.对术前及术后的Fontaine分期,踝肱指数(ABI)等资料进行分析比较.结果 本组手术技术成功率为81.4％ (48/59),FontaineⅡ期组27例,成功率为92.6％(25/27),其中20例临床症状得到改善,缓解率为80.0％(20/25);Ⅲ期组为83.3％(15/18)和86.7％(13/15)及Ⅳ期组57.1％(8/14),其中4例(4/8)症状改善.Ⅱ期技术成功率明显高于Ⅲ期及Ⅳ期组(P＜0.03);Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期组的临床症状缓解率高于Ⅳ期组,(P＜0.05).ABI由术前的0.36±0.15提升至术后的0.79±0.16,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).技术成功患者的随访率为85.4％(41/48),术后第3、6、12和24个月分别有2例、3例、6例和4例复发;期间行截肢(足)手术4例,截肢率6.8％ (4/59).截肢平面在膝关节以上1例,膝下平面截肢1例,2例行跖骨截除.结论 膝下动脉硬化闭塞症患者的血管腔内治疗安全、有效,能改善患者的临床症状.近期及中期疗效较满意,远期疗效的评估有待进一步随访.     

阳和汤配合介入治疗在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症中的应用

目的:探讨阳和汤配合介入治疗对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床价值。方法:34例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者随机分为治疗组(17例)和对照组(17例),对照组给予基础治疗和介入治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗方案基础上加用阳和汤口服;治疗时间均为介入术后3个月;2组于治疗前及治疗后3个月测踝肱指数(ankle/brachial index,ABI),治疗后3个月随访2组临床症状体征改善情况,并比较有效率。结果:与治疗前相比,介入治疗后3个月2组ABI均明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组增加程度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后3个月2组间治疗有效率及间歇性跛行、静息痛治疗有效率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组皮肤苍白、皮肤温度改善程度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阳和汤可增加下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入治疗术后ABI,改善临床症状体征,是介入治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的有力补充。     

血管腔内技术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞疾病

目的:评价经皮血管腔内球囊扩张成形术( PTA)和支架置入(PTAS),治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(LEAOD)的临床效果和应用价值.方法:169例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症接受了经皮血管腔内PTA和PTAS.结果:全组治疗成功率97.63%(149/169),除4例LEAOD患者支架置入失败外,其余病例均治疗成功,临床症状消失或好转,踝/肱指数(ABI)由0.1～0 59,平均(0.37±0.19)上升为0.69～1.16(平均0.88±0.17),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后随访3 ～60个月,仅统计6、12、36、60个月的通畅率,68例髂动脉为:98.53%、92.65%、91.18%、89.71%;60例股浅动脉中、上2/3段阻塞为:91.67%、86.67%、81.67%、73.33%;41例股浅动脉下1/3 段阻塞为:85.37%、78.05%、68.29%、56.09%.结论:经皮血管腔内PTA和PTAS治疗LEAOD,可使闭塞血管得到长期的有效开通,显著提高血流动力学指标,是安全有效的治疗方法.     

超声消融术治疗动静脉阻塞性疾病的临床体会

为探讨治疗动静脉阻塞性疾病微创、有效的新方法 ,采用腔内超声消融术治疗 7例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症 (ASO)和 15例下肢深静脉血栓 (DVT) ,并对手术适应证、术中注意事项、术后处理方法进行总结。结果 7例ASO患者超声消融术后血管造影示动脉狭窄由(93±12 ) %减少到 (12± 6 ) % ,肢体缺血症状明显改善 ,未出现穿孔 ;15例DVT患者超声消融术后血管均再通 ,静脉狭窄由 10 0 %减少到 (8±2 ) % ,肢体肿胀消失。说明超声消融术是治疗动静脉阻塞性疾病安全、高效、微创的新方法     

基于踝臂指数构建下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入围术期护理方案的探讨

【摘要】 目的 探讨基于踝臂指数（ABI）构建下肢动脉硬化闭塞症（ASO）介入围术期护理方案的临床应用价值。方法 便利抽样法纳入2018年5月至2020年12月南京市第一医院介入科80例下肢ASO患者,对照组40例,实施常规护理方案;试验组40例,依据ABI量化分析结果构建并落实预见性分层次护理方案。结果 两组组内术后不同时点ABI比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）;两组ABI（第12周）、无痛行走距离（第12周）、最大行走距离（第4周、第12周）差异均有统计意义（均P＜0.05）。结论 ASO围术期规范采集ABI能够客观、有效反映术后患肢循环改善程度。基于ABI量化分析构建适合个体的围术期护理方案,有利于预防术后患肢高灌注损伤,改善远期患肢步行距离,提高整体运动能力。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.