低浓度乙型肝炎表面抗原三种检测方法的比较与分析

目的比较金标记免疫层析法(GICA)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和电化学发光免疫分析法(ECLIA)检测乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的敏感度。方法对平时收集的用化学发光微粒子免疫分析法(CMIA)检测的0.05 IU/ml相似文献   

HAV-IgM 3种方法检测结果比较

目的探讨3种方法对HAV-IgM的定性和定量检测的结果并进行对比分析。方法采用临床上常用的胶体金方法、酶联免疫吸附实验法(ELISA法)、化学发光微粒子免疫分析法(CMIA法)对100例标本进行HAV-IgM检测,分别计算ELISA法、CMIA法、胶体金法检测结果的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度。结果CMIA方法检测HAV-IgM的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度高于ELISA法和胶体金法。结论 CMIA法检测HAV-IgM特异性强、灵敏度高,具有很高的临床应用价值。     

三种方法检测乙肝表面抗原的结果分析

目的探讨三种方法对乙肝表面抗原的定性和定量检测的结果并进行对比分析。方法采用临床上常用的胶体金方法、酶联免疫吸附实验法(ELISA法)、化学发光微粒子免疫分析法(CMIA法)对400例标本进行乙肝表面抗原检测,分别计算ELISA法、CMIA法、胶体金法检测结果的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度。结果 CMIA方法检测乙肝表面抗原的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度高于ELISA法和胶体金法。结论 CMIA法检测乙肝病毒标志物特异性强、灵敏度高,具有很高的临床应用价值。     

梅毒螺旋体抗体三种检测方法的价值比较

目的比较三种血清梅毒螺旋体抗体(TPHA)检测方法,优选一种简便、准确的TPHA检测方法。方法采用临床上常用的胶体金法、酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA法)、化学发光微粒子免疫分析法(CMIA法)对400例标本进行TPHA检测,分别计算ELISA法、CMIA法、胶体金法检测结果的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度。结果 CMIA法检测TPHA的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度分别为74.50%、99.67%和100%;胶体金法的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度分别为41.25%、55.18%和100%;ELISA法的阳性率、灵敏度和特异度分别为60.25%、80.60%和93.46%。CMIA法检测阳性率和敏感性明显高于ELISA法和胶体金法(P<0.05),而特异性高于ELISA法(P<0.05)。结论CMIA法检测TPHA特异性强、灵敏度高,具有很高的临床应用价值。     

不同检测方法对儿童肺炎支原体感染诊断价值分析

目的探讨间接免疫荧光法(IFA)、被动凝集法、化学发光法对儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2019年1—3月沈阳市儿童医院收治的162例呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料。依据检测方法将患儿分为A组(IFA检测)、B组(被动凝集法检测)及C组(化学发光法检测),每组各54例。比较3种检测方法的免疫球蛋白M(IgM)阳性检出率,以及诊断MP感染的灵敏度、特异度、准确度。结果 A组、B组检测的IgM阳性率明显高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而A、B两组检测的IgM阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A、B两组检测MP感染的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于C组,且A组检测MP感染的特异度高于B、C两组,B组检测MP感染的灵敏度高于A、C两组,组间两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与化学发光法相比较,IFA法、被动凝集法对儿童MP感染的诊断价值更高。IFA法、被动凝集法联合检测,同时结合临床症状、体征观察,或可提高儿童MP感染的早期诊断率。     

微粒子化学发光法和梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集试验检测梅毒抗体的一致性比较

目的评价微粒子化学发光免疫技术(chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay,CMIA)检测临床血清标本梅毒螺旋体抗体的敏感性和特异性。方法用梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集试验(treponema pallidum particle agglutination test,TP-PA)法作为对照标准,采用CMIA法检测4686例血清标本,并用Kappa检验评价两种检测方法对同一个样本的化验结果的一致性。结果 4686例血清标本中用CMIA法检出阳性率5.48%,TPPA法检出阳性率5.14%。以TPPA为金标准,CMIA法敏感性为99.17%,特异性为99.60%。其中CMIA法检测血清S/CO值>4.00的215例,用TPPA确认214例阳性,阳性预测值(PPV)为99.53%。结论 CMIA法可替代TPPA法进行梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体检测,对于CMIA法检测S/CO值1.0～4.0的需进一步复检。     

化学发光酶免疫分析法与酶联免疫吸附法检测乙肝病毒标志物比较

目的探讨化学发光酶免疫分析法(CLEIA)与酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测乙肝病毒标志物的作用评价。方法选取铁岭市中心医院感染科自2015年1月至2018年1月收治的的300例疑似乙肝体检者为研究对象。所有体检者分别采用CLEIA、ELISA法检测乙肝病毒标志物。结果经CLEIA法检测的乙肝表面抗原(HBs Ag)、乙肝e抗体(HBe Ab)阳性检出率分别为60. 3%(181/300)、46. 3%(139/300),均明显高于ELISA法检出的56. 7%(170/300)、42. 7%(128/300),两种检测结果比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05);而CLEIA法在乙肝表面抗体(HBs Ab)、乙肝e抗原(HBe Ag)、乙肝核心抗体(HBc Ab)的阳性检出率分别为47. 3%(142/300)、21. 7%(65/300)、59. 7%(179/300),均略高于ELISA法,但两种检测结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论在乙肝病毒标志物检测中,CLEIA应用价值明显高于ELISA,CLEIA法能够较好的保证测定效果,检测分析结果更为精准。     

电化学发光法与放射性受体分析法检测促甲状腺激素受体抗体的对比研究

目的 比较电化学发光( ECLIA)与放射性受体分析(RRA)两种方法测定血清促甲状腺激素受体抗体(TRAb)水平的差异,探讨ECLIA法检测TRAb的可行性与临床应用价值.方法 75例患者,根据临床表现及实验室检查分为格雷夫斯病(GD)症状组32例、GD缓解组23例、对照组20例,采用ECLIA和RRA两种方法分别检测各受检组血清TRAb水平.结果 ①GD症状组用ECLIA与RRA两种方法测定的TRAb值均显著高于其他两组(F=11.814,F=3.404,均P＜0.05).②两种检测方法阳性符合率为95.7％,阴性符合率为73％,总符合率为80％.对于GD症状组和对照组,两种方法的阳性率的差异都没有统计学意义(x2=3.691,x2=1.026,均P＞0.05);而在GD缓解组中,ECLIA法阳性检出率显著高于RRA法(x2=5.440,P＜0.05).③两种方法所测TRAb值有明显的相关性( r=0.705,P＜0.01),但ECLIA法的检测值低于RRA法(Z=-4.399,P＜0.01).结论 与RRA法相比,ECLIA法具有全自动化、简便、省时、灵敏度高等优点,更适合于对临床GD患者TRAb水平的监测.     

全自动微粒子酶免检测法与微粒子化学发光法的比较研究

 目的 比较雅培公司的AxSYM全自动微粒子酶免分析仪与i2000微粒子化学发光分析仪在检测患者标本HBc-Ab浓度中的应用.方法 同时用两种仪器检测154例患者标本中的HBc-Ab浓度.结果 154例标本中有86例用两种仪器检测均为阴性,66例均为阳性.有2例标本AxSyM 仪器测定为阳性,i2000微粒子化学发光分析仪测定为阴性.两种仪器测定结果 阳性符合率为100%,阴性符合率为95 % .结论 全自动微粒子酶免检测法与微粒子化学发光法在检测HBc-Ab浓度方面一致性较好.     

电化学发光免疫法与放射免疫法检测血清皮质醇的对比研究

目的采用电化学发光免疫（ECLIA）法与放射免疫（RIA）法测定血清皮质醇水平,对其结果进行对比分析。 方法采用简单随机抽样法抽取我院健康体检者、门诊和住院患者共188例血清样本,利用ECLIA法和RIA法同时进行检测并进行统计学分析。将质控血清进行两两对比分析,计算两种方法批内、批间差异系数（CV）,评价其精确性;将质控血清加入低、中、高（100.2、201.9、310.7 nmol/L）已知浓度的皮质醇血清中,测定回收率。对样本测定结果的相关性作回归性分析。 结果ECLIA法检测血清皮质醇表达水平的灵敏度和特异度均高于RIA法。ECLIA法检测的批内与批间CV均低于RIA法,但两种方法回收率相当。两种方法检测结果具有高度相关性（r=0.991,P < 0.01）。 结论在检测血清皮质醇水平上,两种方法各有优势,ECLIA法自动化程度高,RIA法技术成熟、价格低廉。随着技术的发展,ECLIA法要更具优势,但ECLIA法在检测皮质醇方面是否可以完全替代RIA法,还有待进一步的探讨。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.