康复训练对强直性脊柱炎功能恢复影响的临床研究

目的 探讨康复训练对强直性脊柱炎患者功能状态的影响.方法 将80例强直性脊柱炎患者随机分为康复组与对照组, 康复组采用药物治疗同时辅助功能训练, 对照组采用单纯药物治疗.在治疗前后,分别以国际通用的毕氏强直性脊柱炎功能指数表对两组患者功能状态进行评估.结果 康复组患者功能指数改善明显优于对照组.结论 康复训练对强直性脊柱炎患者功能恢复具有重要意义, 应加强对强直性脊柱炎患者功能恢复的系统训练.     

补肾强督法联合西药对强直性脊柱炎骶髂关节骨髓水肿及关节功能状态的影响

目的分析补肾强督法联合西药对强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)骶髂关节骨髓水肿及关节功能状态的影响。方法将2013年9月～2017年12月于本院就诊的104例AS患者按区化随机法设计分组,分别为观察组(n=54)与对照组(n=50),对照组给予西药(乐松+益赛普)治疗,观察组辅以补肾强督法治疗,对比两组炎症指标、疼痛情况、影像学及一般病情评价指标,并统计不良反应发生率。结果治疗后,两组血沉、C反应蛋白、脊柱痛评分、夜间痛评分及总体感觉评分、骶髂关节水肿SPARCC评分、BASDAI指数和BASFI指数、BASMI指数均有显著改善(P0.05),且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计意义(P0.05);但两组骶髂关节MRI SSS评分组内及组间差异、不良反应发生率比较均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论补肾强督法联合西药可有效改善AS炎症反应、临床症状及体征,并有效缓解骶髂关节骨髓水肿,但对关节结构性病变无明显影响。     

关节成形术治疗强直性脊柱炎晚期严重髋关节畸形

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎晚期严重髋关节畸形的术式选择。方法观察股骨头颈切除术、髋关节双金属杯成形术和全髋关节置换术的中、远期疗效。共计４０例患者,５８个够关节,术前屈髋畸形平均５１．３°,已呈纤维性或骨性强直者占８６．２％。结果随访时间平均５．９年。全髋关节置换术组疼痛指数平均改善１．１级,屈髓畸形平均改善４０．６°,术髋活动范围平均改善５８．４°,术后２４髋（６８．６％）可单腿负重。股骨头颈切除术组虽疼痛指数较术前加重,但屈髋畸形平均改善５８．９°,术髋活动范围平均改善７４．３°。双金属杯成形术组虽各项观察指标均劣于全髋关节置换术组,但仍可获得平均２５．６°的矫形效果和平均４７．２°的关节功能改善。结论对于屈髓畸形＜５０°,年龄大于３０岁的绝大多数ＡＳ患者,全髋关节置换术应作为首选术式。股骨头颈切除术和双金属杯成形术仍有其特定适应证,前者适用于屈髋畸形＞６０°,对关节活动范围有特殊职业需求者;后者可用于屈髋畸形＜３０°,年龄小于２０岁的年轻患者,以推迟初次接受全髋关节置换术的年龄。     

强直性脊柱炎的心理护理

强直性脊柱炎是关节病中最常见的疾病之一 ,必要的心理护理是强直性脊柱炎治疗的一个重要方面。本人在临床实践对强直性脊柱炎患者的心理护理有以下几点体会。1　劝导释疑 :强直性脊柱炎患者 ,尤其对病痛敏感的病人 ,往往对强直性脊柱炎可能致残、致瘫看得相当严重 ,对自己将来的生活能力估计过低 ,忧心忡忡 ,到处寻医问药 ,当服药效果不佳时则产生悲观失望情绪。因此 ,护理人员应采取说服开导的方法 ,耐心解释病情变化及预后情况 ,既要诱导病人正视现实 ,积极配合医护人员坚持治疗方案 ,又要使病人认识到强直性脊柱炎是一种常见的关节病 ,…     

髋膝四关节同时置换治疗晚期强直性脊柱炎

目的探讨髋膝四关节同时置换治疗晚期强直性脊柱炎髋膝关节高度屈曲强直的可行性及疗效。方法全身麻醉下一期双侧髋膝四关节行关节置换手术,术中术后监控各项指标及时调整,指导置换术后的关节功能康复。结果手术顺利完成,术后3个月,患者完全站立行走。结论髋膝四关节一期置换是治疗晚期强直性脊柱炎髋膝屈曲强直的有效方法。     

强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直的功能重建

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎合并双侧髋关节骨性强直时的全髋关节置换方法及其注意事项。方法对17例24～52岁强直性脊柱炎患者骨性强直的34侧髋关节行Zweimüller非骨水泥型全髋关节置换手术。髋关节强直在屈曲0°～100°(平均37°),其中超过90°强直者3例6髋。术前需助行器者7例。生活不能完全自理者9例。所有患者均在一次性经口腔(10例)或鼻腔(7例)气管插管麻醉下完成双侧手术。3例患者后期行脊柱后凸畸形矫正术。结果患者髋关节活动度由术前的0°改善为术后复查时的屈伸平均77°(55°～120°),屈伸、收展、内外旋总活动度平均为150°(105°～230°)。术中有1例因股骨颈截骨造成髋臼后壁缺损,经修补后恢复。术后近期无神经血管损伤、关节脱位、感染等并发症发生,随访18～47个月无假体松动、移位。除2例3髋长时间行走有轻微疼痛外,其余患者无疼痛,患者的生活质量明显提高,1例患者仍需助行器。结论手术技术熟练者可一次顺利完成强直性脊柱炎双髋骨性强直的双侧髋关节置换术,采用Watson-Jones入路可在完成骨性强直的髋关节置换的同时完成髋关节前方的软组织松解;术中注意神经、血管的保护可顺利完成90°以上屈曲骨性强直畸形髋关节的置换;术后康复的重点是锻炼患者的肌力和肌肉活动的协调性;采用自体血回输可以     

强直性脊柱炎患者消化功能的影响因素分析及临床意义

目的 :评估强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)患者的消化功能,探讨其消化功能紊乱的影响因素及临床意义。方法:2014年7月~2015年4月,101例AS患者纳入本研究,其中门诊患者84例、住院患者17例。收集患者年龄、病程、服用非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)和抗风湿药(DMARD)情况、烟酒嗜好、合并症等临床资料,记录血红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)等检查结果,在X线片上测量脊柱最大后凸Cobb角(global kyphosis,GK)。采用食品效益评估调查问卷(FBA)和功能性消化不良生存质量量表(FDDQL)评估患者消化功能。根据GK将患者分为轻度后凸组(GK60°,67例)和重度后凸组(GK≥60°,34例)。采用Spearman相关性分析和多元线性回归分析探讨AS患者消化功能的影响因素。结果:101例患者FBA评分为63.2±13.5分,FDDQL评分为77.4±13.1分,ESR 26.6±20.2mm/h,CRP 32.0±22.7mg/L,GK 52.1°±23.5°,48例有服用NSAIDs药物史,23例有服用DMARD药物史,52例有吸烟嗜好,40例有饮酒嗜好,3例合并有贫血。除了FDDQL"疾病控制"维度外,两组患者消化功能评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,轻度后凸组FBA总分与患者年龄、CRP和饮酒相关(均P0.05),FDDQL总分与CRP呈负相关(P0.05);重度后凸组FBA总分与各影响因素均无相关性(均P0.05),FDDQL总分与GK和贫血呈负相关(均P0.05);101例AS患者FBA总分与年龄、服用NSAIDs和饮酒相关(均P0.05),而与病程、ESR、CRP、GK、吸烟、服用DMARD、贫血无相关性(均P0.05);FDDQL总分与GK、服用NSAIDs、服用DMARD和贫血呈负相关(均P0.05),而与年龄、病程、ESR、CRP、吸烟和饮酒无相关性(均P0.05)。101例AS患者多元线性回归分析显示服用NSAIDs和饮酒致FBA总分减少;服用NSAIDs和贫血致FDDQL总分减少。结论 :轻、重度胸腰椎后凸畸形AS患者消化功能无明显差异。AS患者消化功能下降与年龄、脊柱最大后凸Cobb角、服用NSAIDs、服用DMARD、饮酒和贫血有关,而与病程、炎症活动程度和吸烟无相关性,服用NSAIDs、饮酒和贫血是AS患者消化功能紊乱的重要因素。     

Fractures of the Cervical Spine in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

Fractures of the cervical spine in six patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis are presented. Three patients had a hyperextension type of injury. These fractures were extremely unstable and combined with spinal cord damage. in the other cases the fracture was caused by a flexion mechanism. These fractures were stable and there was no damage to the spinal cord. Treatment modified according to the demands of the fractures is outlined.     

Fractures of the Cervical Spine in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

Fractures of the cervical spine in six patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis are presented. Three patients had a hyperextension type of injury. These fractures were extremely unstable and combined with spinal cord damage. in the other cases the fracture was caused by a flexion mechanism. These fractures were stable and there was no damage to the spinal cord. Treatment modified according to the demands of the fractures is outlined.     

人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变的临床疗效

目的 观察人工全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变的手术方法和临床效果.方法 对2001年3月至2009年6月26例(31髋)强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变患者行人工全髋关节置换并随访,置换前患者日常活动均明显受限或者严重疼痛,Harris评分平均(43.2±5.8)分,髋关节活动度平均51.8°±9.7°.记录术后末次随访的Harris评分,X线检查结果,观察假体有无松动、脱位及异位骨化. 结果 所有病例得到随访,平均随访24.9(8 ～125)个月.末次随访患者均疼痛消失,步态正常.Harris评分平均(82.4±4.7)分;髋关节活动度平均148.6°±7.4°;髋关节Harris评分及关节活动度均显著高于置换前(P＜0.05).2髋出现异位骨化,为Brooker分级Ⅰ、Ⅲ级.无脱位、骨折及假体松动下沉,无患者进行翻修. 结论 人工全髋关节置换是治疗强直性脊柱炎晚期髋关节病变的有效方法,可以恢复关节功能,缓解关节疼痛并改善患者生活质量.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变的效果。方法对20例(27髋)强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变患者行人工全髋关节置换手术。置换前患者日常活动均明显受限,其中需要使用助行器7例,生活完全不能自理4例,8例(11髋)关节强直。比较手术前后髋关节Harris评分和关节活动度及术后并发症。1例患者后期行脊柱后凸矫形术。结果全部病例获得随访,平均随访时间4.2年(1.2~7.8年)。最后一次随访,23髋(85.2%)疼痛完全消失;仅有1例仍需双拐辅助行走,其余患者均可不扶拐行走,步态正常。术前Harris评分平均14.9分,髋关节活动度平均40°。术后Harris评分平均82.9分,其中优8髋,良10髋,可7髋,差2髋,优良率74.1%;髋关节活动度平均190.5°;髋关节Harris评分及关节活动度均显著高于置换前(P0.05)。4髋(7.4%)出现异位骨化,分别为Brooker分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级。假体无菌性松动1例。结论全髋关节置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节病变的有效手段,可以缓解关节疼痛,恢复关节功能,改善患者生活质量。     

强直性脊柱炎的早期临床特征研究

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎的早期临床特征,为其早期初步诊断提供依据。方法对51例确诊为强直性脊柱炎早期患者的临床症状和体征按性别分别进行统计学分析。结果本组资料中有52％男性有休息痛和晨僵,女性为53．84％和46．15％;活动后疼痛缓解男女分别为80％和96．15％。骶髂关节检查的阳性率为80％,指地距离大于10cm者,男女分别为64％和42％,Schober试验阳性者男女分别为20％和3．84％;胸廓活动度小于5cm者,男性8％,女性3．84％。血沉和C反应蛋白的阳性率分别为21．57％和47．06％。结论晨僵和休息后疼痛加重以及活动后缓解是强直性脊柱炎早期重要的临床症状。骶髂关节检查和指地距离具有较高的阳性率。血沉和C反应蛋白有辅助诊断意义。     

Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: Long-Term Results

BackgroundAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory spondyloarthropathy with hip involvement in 40% of patients. With the recent interest in the hip-spine interplay, the purpose of this study was to define the long-term outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the setting of AS.Methods174 hips in patients with AS treated with revision THA from 1969 to 2016 were identified. Mean age at revision THA was 53 years and 76% were male. Cumulative incidences of any re-revision, reoperation, and dislocation were calculated using a competing risk analysis. Mean follow-up was 13 years.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of any re-revision after index revision THA was 7% at 5 years and 36% at 20 years. Cumulative incidence of any reoperation was 9% at 5 years and 38% at 20 years. Cumulative incidence of dislocation was 6% at 5 years and 8% at 20 years. Revision THAs performed with contemporary implants (2000-2016) had a lower but statistically nonsignificant cumulative incidence of any re-revision when compared with historical implants (before 2000) at 5 years (5% vs 8%), 10 years (11% vs 18%), and 15 years (11% vs 38%) (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.17-1.33; P = .016).ConclusionIn this large series of 174 revision THAs in patients with AS, the cumulative incidence of dislocation was 8% at 20 years. The 20-year cumulative incidence of any re-revision was 36%, which is similar to reported rates in patients with comparable demographic features without AS.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.     

强直性脊柱炎颈椎骨折手术治疗的特点

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎颈椎骨折或合并脱位的特点和外科治疗过程中应该注意的问题。方法回顾性分析1998年6月至2010年10月手术治疗累及颈椎的强直性脊柱炎合并颈椎骨折或脱位13例,采用美国脊柱损伤学会神经功能障碍评分评价神经功能,术前A级2例,B级6例,C级3例,D级2例。手术方式采用前路、后路、前后联合入路。结果应用前路3例,后路4例,前后联合入路6例。术后神经功能除2例A级随访无改善外,其余11例均有不同程度恢复。平均随访3.7年,术后平均3.5个月植骨获得融合,无内固定失败。围手术期并发症1例为食管瘘,无远期并发症。结论强直性脊柱炎累及颈椎时颈椎发生骨折和脱位的可能性较大,多数为不稳定型损伤,骨折可损伤食管引起食管瘘。早期减压植骨融合内固定、有效解除脊髓压迫是强直性脊柱炎颈椎骨折或脱位的合理治疗方式。     

基于时机理论的健康管理对强直性脊柱炎患者脊柱功能及自我管理能力的影响

目的:探讨时机理论的健康管理对强直性脊柱炎患者脊柱功能及自我管理行为的影响.方法:将70例强直性脊柱炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组35例.对照组给予常规健康管理,观察组在对照组常规健康管理基础上给予基于时机理论的健康管理.在干预前及干预1,3,6个月,采用Bath强直性脊柱炎病情活动指数(BASDAI)评分、Bat...     

格式化功能锻炼联合微信打卡对强直性脊柱炎患者生活质量的影响

目的:探讨格式化功能锻炼联合微信打卡对强直性脊柱炎患者生活质量的影响.方法:将60例强直性脊柱炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例.对照组采用常规治疗加责任护士健康教育法,观察组在对照组干预基础上增加格式化功能锻炼联合微信打卡.2组均干预3个月.比较2组干预前后功能锻炼依从性、强直性脊柱炎病情活动指数(BASDAI...     

Pedicle Morphology of Lower Thoracic and Lumbar Spine in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients with Thoracolumbar Kyphosis: A Comparison with Fracture Patients

ObjectiveThe pedicle morphology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)‐related thoracolumbar kyphosis patients may be different from that of individuals with normal spine due to the ectopic ossification and kyphotic deformity. However, there was no literature analyzing the pedicle morphology of AS patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the pedicle morphology of lower thoracic and lumbar spine (T9‐L5) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS)‐related thoracolumbar kyphosis patients.MethodsA retrospective review of AS patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis (AS group) and the patients with spinal or rib fracture (fracture group) who underwent CT scans of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine between February 2017 and September 2018 was performed. Patients with spinal tumor, spinal tuberculosis, severe degenerative spinal diseases including degenerative scoliosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis, degenerative spinal stenosis or history of previous spine surgery, or AS patients with pseudarthrosis which influenced the measurement of pedicle parameters were excluded. The measured parameters on CT images included transverse pedicle angle (TPA), transverse pedicle width (TPW), chord length (CL), pedicle length (PL), and sagittal pedicle angle (SPA). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the agreement of radiographic parameters between observers. The independent sample t test was applied for the comparison of pedicle parameters between the two groups. The gender distribution between the two groups were compared using the Fisher''s exact test.ResultsA total of 1444 pedicles of 53 AS‐related thoracolumbar kyphosis patients and 30 patients with fracture were analyzed. TPA was significantly smaller in AS group (p < 0.05). Significantly larger TPW was found in AS group in the lumbar spine (p < 0.05). TPW ≥ 7.5 mm was observed in 95.3%–98.1% of the pedicles at the levels of L3‐L5 in AS group. The CL and PL were significantly larger in AS group at the levels of T9‐L5 (p < 0.05). The CL ≥ 50 mm was found in 84.0%–96.2% of the pedicles in mid‐to‐lower lumbar spine in AS group. Significantly smaller SPA was found in AS group at the levels from L3 to L5 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPedicle screws with relatively large diameter of 7.5 mm and length of 50 mm could be used in mid‐to‐lower lumbar spine in the majority of AS‐related thoracolumbar kyphosis patients. Also, the insertion angle of pedicle screws in both the transverse and sagittal plane should be appropriately reduced in these patients. This study may help surgeons select the pedicle screws of appropriate size in AS patients.