选择性散光轴切口对白内障超声乳化术后角膜散光的影响

目的 探讨根据患者术前角膜散光不同,在不同部位选择性预设散光轴透明角膜切口行白内障超声乳化联合后房型折叠式人工晶状体植入术,对术后患者角膜散光的影响.方法 收集老年性白内障患者102例150只眼,分为选择性散光轴位的透明角膜切口(A组)、颞侧透明角膜切口(B组)和11点方位透明角膜切口(C组)3组,施行超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术,比较术后视力及角膜散光的变化情况.结果 术后3月视力≥1.0,A组67%,B组56%,C组50%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);A组术后3个月平均角膜散光低于B、C组(P＜0.05),较术前平均减少了0.32D(P＜0.05);且A组中19例术前角膜散光度≥1.00D的患者,术后3个月角膜散光度减少了0.71D(P＜0.05).术后3个月平均SLA,A组最小(P＜0.05).结论 选择在患者角膜屈光力最大轴向上行个体化的透明角膜切口,能减少患者术后角膜散光,有效控制白内障超声乳化手术源性角膜散光,进一步提高患者术后视力,尤其适用于术前角膜散光在≥1.00D的白内障患者.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the surgically induced refractive change after phacoemulsification with selective maximum astigmatic axis clear incision. Methods Phacoemulsification was performed on 102 cases of 150 eyes with senile cataract through a clear corneal incision without suture. The changes of corneal astigmatism before and after operation in group A (incision at the maximum astigmatic axis) or B (incision at the temporal) and C (incision at the 11:00) were compared. Results Three months after the opera tion, the Best correction visual acuity more than 1.0, were 67% in group A, 56% in group B and 50% in group C (P ＜0.01). The mean postoperative astigmatism of group A decreased 0.32 D than the preoperative one (P ＜0.05) and was less than the postoperative one of group B or C. Postoperatively, the mean astigmatism of 19 patients who preoperative astigmatism more than 1.00D in group A decreased 0.71 D (P ＜0.05). Among the three groups, the mean postoperative surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) of group A was minimum (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The incision placed on the maximum astigmatic axis in phacoemulsification is worth to be recommended, because of the corneal astigmatism can be significantly reduced postoperatively, the SIA can be controlled effectively and patients can get a better visual acuity, especially to patients preoprative astigmatism more than 1.00D.     

IOL Master引导下白内障术后散光和视力影响

Objective To study and analyze the impact on corneal astigmatism and visual acuity during individualized phaeoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation guided by IOL Master. Methods Thirty-eight patients (50 eyes) were treated with phacoemulsification through 3.0mm clear corneal incision with the steepest meridian according to IOL Master (group A) or auto-refractor/A-scan (group B). All patients were divided randomly and equally. The corneal astigmatism and visual acuity between group A and B were compared after the operation. Results The astigmatism of group A, B were (1.01± 0.10)D and (0.95 ± 0.13)D before operation, (1.33± 0.13)D and (1. 25 ± 0.15)D 1 day after operation, (1.15± 0.14)D and (1.07 ± 0.13) D after 1 week, (0.90 ± 0.13)D and (0.87 ± 0.12)D after 1 month, (0.89± 0.12)D and (0.80± 0.11)D after 3 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in the estimated values of astigmatism before and after operation (P ＞0.05), so between the methods of IOL Master and auto- refractor (P ＞0.05). In group A the naked visual acuity above 0.8 were 8 eyes 1 month, and 10 eyes 3 months after operation, better than group B with 2 eyes and 3 eyes. There was significant difference in the estimated values of visual acuity between the methods of IOL Master and A-scan (P ＜0.05). Conclusions Individualized phaeoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation guided by IOL Master can reduce corneal astigmatism and improve the visual impact.     

非球面和球面人工晶状体植入术后视功能观察

目的 分析白内障患者术前角膜散光情况评估经不同位置透明角膜切口行超声乳化术后的角膜散光变化情况.方法 218例(295只眼)白内障患者分为三组,第一组选择颞侧切口,第二组选择颞上方切口,第三组选择上方切口,三组患者通过透明角膜切口行白内障超声乳化及折叠式后房型人工晶体植入术.术前及术后一周、一月、三月分别检测患者角膜散光情况,并通过Holladay-Cravy-Koch方法 计算术源性散光.结果 术前角膜散光0.5至1.5D的占60.68%,大于等于1.5D的占11.86%,顺归散光占29.49%,逆归散光占51.19%,其余为斜轴散光.术后三次随访颞侧切口组的术源性散光最低,上方切口组的术源性散光最高,具有统计学差异(P<0.05).另外,在上方切口组中发现患者术后角膜散光有向逆归散光转变的趋势.结论 白内障患者术前大多存在小于1.5D的角膜散光.在白内障术后早期阶段,颞侧透明角膜切口引起的术源性散光较小,而上方透明角膜切口不仅可引起较显著的术源性散光,并且术后角膜散光有向逆归散光转变的趋势.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the corneal astigmatism before cataract surgery and evaluate the astigmatism changes after cataract surgery performed using clear corneal incisions with different locations.Methods: This randomized prospective clinical study comprised 295 eyes of 218 patients having phacoemulsification and implantation of foldable intraocular lens through a corneal tunnel incision. Patients were randomly divided into three groups depending on the different locations of the incision: temporal, superotemporal and superior. Corneal topography was performed preoperatively and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Surgically induced changes were calculated by vector analyses using the Holladay-Cravy-Koch method. Results: Preoperatively, in 60.68% of eyes, corneal astigmatism was between 0.5 and 1.5 diopters (D) and in 11.86%, it was 1.5 D or higher. Meanwhile, about 29.49 percent of eyes had with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism, while 51.19% had against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism, and the others had oblique astigmatism. At three follow-up visits postoperatively, the mean magnitude of surgically-induced astigmatism (SIA) was lowest in the temporal incision group and highest in the superior incision group. In addition, an ATR shift was found in the superior incision group. Conclusions: Corneal astigmatism less than 1.5 D was present in most cataract surgery candidates. Cataract surgery using temporal clear corneal incision induced significantly less SIA in the early postoperative period. Superior incision may lead to an ATR astigmatism shift.     

翼状胬肉切除联合准分子激光治疗性角膜切削术与角膜缘干细胞移植术疗效对比观察

目的 对比观察两种治疗翼状胬肉的手术效果.方法 翼状胬肉患者123例124只眼,随机分为A组,(60只眼),行翼状胬肉切除联合准分子激光治疗性角膜切削术(PTK);B组,(64只眼),行翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术.比较其复发率、术后角膜修复情况、手术前后泪膜恢复及散光和矫正视力提高情况.结果 术后复发率两组差异无统计学意义,A组患者术后早期角膜修复情况、泪膜破裂时间的提高优于B组(P＜0.01).矫正视力的提高及散光减少在早期二者差异无统计学意义,晚期A组略高于B组(P＜0.05).结论 单纯胬肉切除联合准分子激光治疗性角膜切削术优于胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术.

Abstract：

Objective To explore a safe and simple method ofpterygium surgery to reduce recurrence rate and side effect.Methods All 123 patients (124 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups:PTK surgery group (group A,60 eyes) and corneal limbal stem cells autograft transplantation surgery group (group B,64 eyes),then compared the recurrence rate,satisfaction rate,reparation of cornea,and tear function,astigmatism,beast corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after surgery.Results The recurrence rate of two groups was similar.There were statistically significant different of the reparation of cornea and tear function (BUT) after surgery in early days,P ＜0.001.No significant difference was found in eyesight raise and astigmatism decrease in early stage,but in later stage group A were raised compared group B,P ＜0.05.Conclusions Pterygium excision surgery with phototherapeutic keratectomy is a method which can achieve good effect and decrease surgery complication maximality.     

Clinical evaluation of surgery-induced astigmatism in cataract surgery using 2.2 mm or 1.8 mm clear corneal micro-incisions

AIM: To evaluate corneal astigmatism after phacoemulsification using 2.2 mm or 1.8 mm clear corneal micro-incisions and its effects on visual function. METHODS: Sixty cases (60 eyes) with cataract were randomly divided into groups A (n=30) and B (n=30) respectively underwent 2.2 mm and 1.8 mm clear corneal tunnel incision phacoemulsification combined with folding intraocular lens implantation from the time direction of 11:00. On day 1 and at 1, 4, and 6wk after operation, patients’ vision was measured and both the corneal curvature and corneal thickness (CT) were recorded using Pentacam. RESULTS: The measured surgery-induced astigmatism (SIA) in both groups A and B peaked on day 1 after operation, and then gradually decreased and eventually stabilized in week 4. No statistically significant difference was found in corneal astigmatism between two groups (P>0.05). The measured corneal astigmatism at 4wk and 6wk postoperatively were 0.28±0.09 D and 0.27±0.10 D for groups A and 0.27±0.09 D and 0.25±0.10 D for groups B without statistically significant difference (P>0.05). In addition, no significant differences in visual acuity and CT were found between groups A and B before or after operation. CONCLUSION: Both 2.2 mm and 1.8 mm micro-incision cataract surgeries result in relatively small SIA with no difference in visual function and corneal astigmatism between two surgery approaches. Thus, the two types of surgical systems are safe and efficient for cataract treatment, by which satisfactory uncorrected visual acuity can be regained early postoperatively.     

The Comprehensive Control of Astigmatism during and Following Intraocular Lens Implantation.

The operating corneoloscope and Terry operative keratometer were used respectively in 29 and 34 eyes during the intraocular lens implantation to measure the corneal astigmatism qualitatively or quantitatively,so that the tension of incision closure could be adjusted. The surgically induced astigmatism in qualitative group two weeks after the operation was 3. 5 ± 1. 70 D and that in quantitative group was 2. 56±1. 60 D. There were 55.17% and 38. 24% of the eyes with over 2. 00 D corneal astigmatism in qualitative and quantitative group two months after the surgery. The astigmatism of both groups at the early stage after the operation was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0. 05). Argon laser, Nd: YAG laser or razor-blade were used to cut 1 to 3 limbal sutures in 64 eyes with over with-the-rule astigmatism 2. 25 D at the early stage (2 months) after the operation. One hour after suture cutting, the with-the-rule corneal astigmatism reduced significantly with an average of 2.61 D. The     

Objective visual quality one year after toric IOL implantation for correction of moderate and high corneal astigmatism

AIM:To compare the objective visual quality after implantation of a toric intraocular lens(IOL)in order to correct moderate or high corneal astigmatism at the one year postoperative follow-up.METHODS:From December 2017 to June 2018,66 patients(90 eyes)with simple age-related cataract with regular corneal astigmatism greater than 1.5 D were enrolled in this prospective self-control study.The patients were implanted with Proming?toric IOL(model:AT3 BH-AT6 BH).The subjects were divided into moderate astigmatism group(46 eyes,1.5-2.5 D)and high astigmatism group(44 eyes,>2.5 D).The uncorrected distance visual acuity,residual astigmatism and axial position of IOL were observed before operation,3,6 mo and 1 y after operation.Modulation transfer function cutoff(MTF cutoff),Strehl ratio(SR),object scatter index(OSI)were observed by OQAS II to evaluate the objective visual quality of patients.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in UCVA,residual astigmatism,axial deviation,MTF cutoff,SR and OSI between moderate and high astigmatism group(all P>0.05).After 3 mo,UCVA,MTF cutoff and SR were significantly increased(all P<0.05),residual astigmatism and OSI were significantly decreased(all P<0.05).After 3 mo,all the indexes remained stable.CONCLUSION:Proming toric IOL can effectively treat age-related cataract patients with moderate-to-high regular corneal astigmatism,correcting corneal astigmatism,improving UCVA,ensuring long-term stability in the capsule,and providing patients with better visual quality.     

Astigmatism following Small Incision Cataract Extraction through Superotemporal Incision

 PURPOSE:To investigate the occurrence of corneal incision-induced astigmatism following small incision extracapsular cataract extraction through a superotemporal incision combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: A total of 255 cases (301 eyes) who received small incision extracapsular cataract extraction through a superotemporal incision with IOL implantation in the Department of Ophthalmology, Yuyan District Hospital of Guiyang were enrolled in this clinical trial. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and astigmatism were measured. The patients underwent 24-week follow-up. RESULTS: In total, 166 patients (65.1%, 166 eyes) completed follow-up. Astigmatism gradually declined between 1 and 12-week postoperatively, and stabilized after 12 weeks. Among 166 patients, 125 (75.3%) had astigmatism > 0.5 D at 24 weeks post-operatively, showing mostly with-the-rule astigmatism. Visual acuity steadily improved up to 12 weeks, and tended to stabilize subsequently. Over the period of 24-week postoperatively, visual acuity was negatively correlated with astigmatism (r = - 0.691, P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Superotemporal small incision extracapsular extraction combined with IOL implantation is associated with modest astigmatism which declines over the post-operative period.     

Comparative evaluation of rotational stability of toric IOLs with four-eyelet vs two-eyelet capsular tension rings in eyes with high myopia

AIM:To compare the rotational stability of Toric intraocular lens(IOLs)implantation combined with foureyelet or two-eyelet capsular tension rings(CTRs)in eyes with high myopia and cataract.METHODS:This prospective randomized controlled interventional study in cluded 33 eyes which had preoperative corneal astigmatism≥1.5 D and ocular axial length≥25.5 mm.These eyes were randomly divided into two groups to undergo phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation with either four-eyelet CTR implantation(group A,n=16)or two-eyelet CTR implantation(group B,n=17).Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),phoropter examination results,and toric IOL rotation degrees were tested 6 mo after the surgery.RESULTS:In both groups,the toric IOL was in the capsular sac 6 mo after surgery.The difference between the two groups in terms of visual outcome was not found to be statistically significant(P>0.05)at a follow-up of 6 mo.The mean residual astigmatism values were 0.56±0.22 D and 0.92±0.24 D in A and B groups,respectively(P<0.001).The mean rotation degree of IOL was 1.00°±0.73°in group A and 3.53°±1.46°in group B(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:In cataract patients with high myopia and astigmatism,four-eyelet CTR can effectively increase the rotation stability of toric IOLs,achieving the desired goal of correcting corneal astigmatism.     

Visual and optical performance of eyes with different corneal spherical aberration implanted with aspheric intraocular lens

AIM: To compare the visual and optical performance of eyes with different corneal spherical aberration (SA) implanted with spherical aberration-free intraocular lens (IOLs). METHODS: Thirty-six patients with different corneal SA had phacoemulsification with implantation of spherical aberration-free IOLs. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the value of preoperative corneal SA. Eyes with corneal SA <0.10μm were assigned to group A, those with 0.10 ≤corneal SA <0.20μm to Group B, and those with 0.20≤ corneal SA <0.35μm to Group C. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, corneal SA, total ocular aberrations, and depth of focus were recorded 3 months postoperatively. Distance-corrected near and intermediate visual acuity was studied to measure depth of focus. RESULTS: BCVA and contrast sensitivity were similar between groups. There were no significant differences in distance-corrected near or intermediate visual acuity. Corneal SA was similar before and 3 months after surgery in the 3 groups. With a 5.0mm pupil diameter, root mean square values for total ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were lower in groups A and B than in group C. Total ocular SA was lower in group A than in groups B and C. SA was also lower in group B than in group C. Coma and trefoil were similar between the groups. CONCLUSION: Implantation of spherical aberration-free IOLs in eyes with different corneal SA results in similar visual performance at BCVA, contrast sensitivity and depth of focus.     

不同透明角膜切口对白内障超声乳化术后角膜散光影响

目的 研究不同部位、不同方式的透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合后房型折叠式人工晶状体植入术对角膜散光的影响.方法 回顾性临床自身对照研究.将2009年3月至12月在广州医学院第二附属医院眼科就诊的96例(112只眼)白内障患者随机分为3组:A组颞侧透明角膜切口34例(39只眼);B组11:00钟方位透明角膜切口26例(31只眼);C组角膜曲率引导下透明角膜切口(切口位于角膜最大屈光轴方向)36例(42只眼).比较3组病人术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月的视力及角膜散光度变化.结果 术前、术后1周、3组间裸眼视力的差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);而术后1个月和3个月C组裸眼视力显著优于A、B组(P值均<0.05),而A组与B组间的差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).C组在术后1个月和3个月的角膜散光度显著小于A、B组(P值<0.05).结论 角膜曲率引导下位于角膜最大屈光轴方向的切口对白内障手术术后角膜散光影响最小,并有利于术后视力较快恢复.     

角膜地形图引导下的角膜切口白内障手术矫正角膜散光的研究

目的 观察角膜地形图引导下的透明角膜切口白内障手术对术前及术后散光度的影响.方法 透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化术240只眼,随机分成三组,每组80只眼.A组:切口位于角膜最大屈光轴方向;B组:切口位于90°方向;C组:切口位于180°方向.观察术前、术后1周、1月、3月角膜散光度和视力变化.结果 (1)A组术后1周、1月和3月裸眼视力＞ 0. 7者多于B组和C组(P ＜ 0. 05);三组患者术后最佳矫正视力＞ 0. 6者基本相同.(2)A组患者术后1周、1月及3月与术前相比,散光度明显减小(P＜0.01);术后1周与术后1月、3月相比,散光度也减小(P＜0.05);而术后1月与3月相比,散光度基本相似(P＞0.05).(3)A组与B组相比,术后1周、1月及3月时的散光度均明显减小(P＜0.05);A组与C组相比,术后1周、1月及3月时的散光度也明显减小(P＜0.05).结论 角膜地形图引导下位于角膜最大屈光轴方向的切口有助于减小术前及术后散光,术后获得较好的裸眼视力.     

IOL Master引导下白内障术后散光和视力影响

目的 观察IOL Master引导下个性化角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术术后散光和视力的变化.方法 选择行3.0mm透明角膜最大屈光轴切口方向白内障超声乳化术术共50只眼,随机分成IOL Master引导下(A组)和自动验光仪及A超引导下(B组)两组,每组25只眼.检测术前、术后1d、1周、1月、3月角膜散光和视力变化.结果 A组术前、术后1d、1周、1月、3月角膜散光度分别为(1.01±0.10)D、(1.33±0.13)D、(1.15±0.14)D、(0.90±0.13)D及(0.89±0.12)D;B组为(0.95±0.13)D、(1.25±0.15)D、(1.07±0.13)D、(0.87±0.12)D及(0.82±0.11)D.术后1d及3月与术前比散光度差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A、B两组术后1d及3月散光度变化量相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A、B两组术后1d、1周、1月及3月顺规性散光百分率较术前均有所增多,但比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A、B两组术后1月和3月裸眼视力＞0.8者分别为8只眼和10只眼、2只眼和3只眼,两者相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 IOL Master引导下角膜个性化切口白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术有助于患者减少术后角膜散光及视力恢复,且方便可行性高.     

不同切口位置白内障超声乳化吸出术后角膜散光变化的分析

目的:比较不同位置的透明角膜切口对白内障超声乳化吸出术后角膜散光及视力的影响。方法:将白内障患者44例(64眼)分成两组,A组患者采用上方10∶00～11∶00方位透明角膜切口,B组根据角膜最大屈光度子午线轴向方位透明角膜切口,所有患者均行白内障超声乳化吸出术联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术,分别于术后1wk;1,3mo随访患者,检查裸眼视力及行角膜地形图检查。结果:B组患者术后1wk;1,3mo视力好于A组。B组患者术后角膜散光度及术源性散光度在术后1wk;1,3mo时均小于A组。结论:根据角膜最大屈光度子午线轴向方位做透明角膜切口的白内障超声乳化吸出术,术后对角膜散光影响小,并可在一定程度上矫正术前已存在的角膜散光,能够使患者在术后更快、更好地恢复视力。     

透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化术后角膜前表面波前像差的改变

目的 比较白内障超声乳化术中透明角膜切口位置对角膜前表面波前像差和散光的影响.方法 前瞻性病例对照研究.选择2007年8月至2008年1月期间因年龄相关性白内障行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化手术患者46例（62眼）,根据透明角膜切口位置的选择分为两组：在最大角膜屈光度子午线方位做透明角膜切口的为试验组,24例（32眼）;不论散光轴向在哪个方位均做上方11点方位透明角膜切口的为对照组,22例（30眼）.在术前及术后1周、1个月、3个月行医学验光及角膜地形图检查,对视力、散光、像差等数据行重复设计的方差分析.结果 两组患者的最佳矫正视力在术后1周、1个月和3个月3个时间点的比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.试验组术后l周、1个月和3个月角膜散光量明显小于术前（P＜0.05）.试验组术后1周5.0 mm及6.0 mm角膜分析直径的前表面球差与术前相比明显变小（P＜0.05）;术后1个月,4.0 mm、5.0 mm及6.0 mm角膜分析直径的前表面总高阶像差、彗差及三叶草像差,5.0 mm及6.0 mm角膜分析直径的前表面球差与术后1周相比明显变大（P＜0.05）;术后3个月,4.0 mm、5.0 mm及6.0 mm角膜分析直径的角膜前表面三叶草像差与术后1个月相比明显变小（P＜0.05）.在4.0 mm、5.0 mm及6.0 mm角膜分析直径,试验组术后1个月角膜前表面彗差轴向、术后1个月及术后3个月三叶草像差轴向,对照组术后3个月彗差轴向、术后1个月及3个月三叶草像差轴向与术前相比,均明显向角膜切口方位旋转（P＜0.05）.结论 按最大角膜屈光度子午线方位做透明角膜切口可以减少角膜散光.早期角膜前表面球差变小,3个月时,各项高阶像差均恢复至术前水平,但彗差和三叶草像差轴向向切口方向旋转.     

角膜切口矫正白内障合并低度角膜散光的光学质量评价

目的 评价角膜地形图引导下2.6 mm最大曲率子午线轴向透明角膜切口矫正年龄相关性白内障合并低度角膜散光(0.50～1.50 D)的光学质量和效果.方法 试验组为角膜地形图引导下2.6 mm最大曲率子午线轴向透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术患者15例(21眼),对照组为常规颞侧2.6 mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术患者18例(21眼).比较术前、术后3个月角膜散光和5 mm瞳孔直径下手术诱导的角膜各高阶像差以及角膜点扩散函数.结果 随访3个月,试验组术眼裸眼视力≥0.8者15眼,对照组8眼(X2=4.709,P＜0.05);试验组矫正视力≥1.0者17眼,对照组14眼(X2=1.109,P＞0.05).试验组平均角膜散光度较术前减少(0.29±0.27)D,对照组较术前增加(0.03±0.53)D(t=0.018,P＜0.05).手术诱导的角膜各高阶像差在试验组和对照组之间.差异无统计学意义(t=1.540,P＞0.05);试验组和对照组手术诱导的总高级散光像差分别为(-0.33±0.59)μm和(0.10±0.21)μm,差异有统计学意义(z=2.568,P＜0.05);试验组和对照组术后角膜点扩散函数Strehl ratio值分别为0.023±0.043和0.008±0.012(z=-2.069,P＜0.05).结论 角膜地形图引导下2.6 mm最大曲率子午线轴向透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术后的角膜光学质量优于常规颞侧角膜切口,是治疗年龄相关性白内障合并低度角膜散光的理想术式(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2008,8:354-356)     

角膜地形图引导下白内障手术切口对角膜散光的矫正

目的:比较不同位置和形态的手术切口对白内障摘除术后角膜散光及裸眼视力的影响。方法:选取术前角膜散光值>1.00D的白内障患者43例52眼,将患者随机分成两组,A组患者采用超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,手术切口为位于上方10∶30～11∶30的透明角膜隧道切口。B组患者采用手法碎核白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,其中角膜散光值为1.00～2.00D的患者,切口为位于角膜最大屈光度径线的直线形巩膜隧道切口,长度为6.0～7.0mm,角膜散光值>2.00D的患者,在上述直线形切口对侧角膜缘处,另作一弧形板层松解切口。分别于术后2wk,3mo随访患者,检查裸眼视力及行角膜地形图检查。结果:B组患者术后2wk,3mo裸眼视力好于A组。B组患者术后角膜散光度在术后2wk,3mo时均小于A组。结论:位于角膜最大屈光度径线的6.0～7.0mm直线形巩膜隧道切口,及此切口联合作对侧弧形板层松解切口均能有效矫正白内障术前存在的角膜散光,能够使患者获得更好的术后裸眼视力。     

透明角膜小切口白内障手术后角膜散光变化

目的　评价透明角膜小切口超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术后角膜散光的变化。方法　将62例(78只眼)白内障患者,按照切口位置位于颞上方及鼻上方或角膜曲率最大子午线轴位分为A、B两组,行透明角膜小切口超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术,比较术后角膜散光的变化情况。结果　A、B两组术后3个月平均手术性角膜散光度分别为（0.83±0.65）D和（0.72±0.55）D,差异无显著性(P>0.05);平均角膜散光度分别较术前减少0.11D和0.39D,两者比较差异有显著性（P<0.05）。结论　以透明角膜小切口行超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术,术后角膜散光度小;结合散光轴位选择切口位置,术后可明显减小角膜散光度。     

切口位置对小切口非超声乳化术后角膜散光影响的观察

目的 比较小切口非超声乳化术不同位置的切口对角膜散光的影响.方法 将60例(60只眼)欲行小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的白内障患者随机分两组各30只眼,A组顺规散光者切口选在上方,逆规散光者切口选在颞侧;B组:切口全部选在上方.均采用距角巩膜缘2mm水平6.5mm的巩膜隧道切口,不缝合.观察术前及术后3个月的视力、角膜散光及手术源性散光的情况.结果 A组、B组手术源性散光分别是:(0.94±0.12)D、(0.98±0.12)D,差异无统计学意义.A组术前和术后3月散光为:(1.24±0.46)D、(0.24±0.26)D;B组为(1.25±0.36)D、(2.54±0.45)D;A组视力≥0.5:26只眼(87%):B组:19只眼(64%),A、B组差异有统计学意义.结论 白内障手术切口选在角膜曲率最大的子午线上.可矫正术前已有散光并获得更好地术后视力.     

多焦点IOL植入联合角膜松解切口矫正白内障合并角膜散光的分析

目的:比较多焦点IOL植入联合角膜切口矫正散光与单焦点IOL植入术治疗白内障合并低度散光患者的视觉质量差异。方法:选取老年性白内障合并低度散光患者80例100眼,按随机原则分为对照组及干预组,各40例50眼。干预组行最陡角膜散光轴向上做一对透明角膜松解切口,同时按常规行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化+多焦点IOL植入术;而对照组仅行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化+单焦点IOL植入术。分别于术后1d;1wk;1,3mo观察两组术眼的角膜散光情况及裸眼远视力(uncorrected distance visual acuity,UCDVA),裸眼近视力(uncorrected near visual acuity,UCNVA);3mo时最佳矫正远视力(best corrected distance visual acuity,BCDVA)、最佳矫正近视力(best corrected near visual acuity,BCNVA)及最佳矫正远视力下最佳矫正近视力(distant corrected near visual acuity,DCNVA)并进行统计分析。结果:术后UCDVA和UCNVA干预组均高于对照组,而各时期角膜散光干预组均低于对照组。两组患者术后3d均有明显改善。术后1wk;1,3mo,UCDVA和UCNVA及3mo时BCDVA,BCNVA无显著差异。结论:多焦点IOL植入联合透明角膜松解切口可有效矫正白内障术前散光,提高全程视力,从而扩大多焦点IOL适用人群。