《中国临床药理学杂志》发展概况

本文对《中国临床药理学杂志》从1985年创刊至今的报道内容进行了概述。本文折射出我国临床药理学的发展，也反应了我国新药政策在管理执行中对我国临床药理学科和中国临床药理学杂志发展的促进作用。     

日本临床药理学的概况

日本临床药理学的概况峰下哲，王黎曼（日本东京医科齿科大学难治疾患研究所）自神农氏身背竹篮、爬山涉水尝百草开始，至１１世纪Ａｒａｂ医生—阿比森那提倡在动物实验基础上开展人体试验对照，临床药理学有了突飞猛进的发展。就我国而言，自１９７４年本大学临床药理教...     

临床药理学讲座 药效学与临床用药

药理学由药效动力学和药代动力学组成,主要研究药物与机体之间的相互作用。本文重点从药效动力学的角度阐述它与临床用药的关系。1 与药效学有关的基本理论1.1 何谓药效动力学 药效动力学(简称药效学)主要研究药物是如何影响人体的,即药物在人体产生的生理、生化效应及其机制。在理论上,它是药理学的理论基础;在实践上它可指导合理用药,发挥药物的最佳疗效,防止药物的不良反应。1.2 药物作用及作用机理     

我国量子药理学研究概况

<正> 量子药理学(Quantum Pharmaco-logy)是应用量子力学原理和方法研究药理学的一门边缘学科,是从原子和分子中的电子行为出发去探索药理学的本质问题,所以它是研究药物作用机理和创制新药的重要基础理论。现就我国量子药理学的研究概况作一扼要介绍。 我国量子药理学的研究起步较晚,1979年5月在南京药学院(中国药科大学前身)举办的药物设计学习班上首次出现     

药理学及临床药理学教学区分之我见

临床药理学是近几十年来迅速发展起来的一门新兴学科，是药理学科的分支，是研究药物在人体内作用规律和人体与药物间相互作用过程的一门交叉学科。它将药理学的基本理论和知识推向临床应用，将药理效应转化为临床疗效，在此意义上，可将临床药理学看作为药理学的后续部分或最后的综合阶段。     

中国药学会《中国临床药理学杂志》简介北大核心CSCD

《中国临床药理杂志》（The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology）是由中国科学技术协会主管、中国药学会主办、北京大学临床药理研究所承办的学术刊物,1985年1月创刊,现为半月刊,每月17,28日出版,国内刊号：CN 11-2220/R,国际刊号：ISSN 1001-6821。国内外公开发行。本刊第十一届编委会由全国著名医药院、所的从事临床医学、临床药理学、临床药学、新药审评、创新药物、医药统计以及管理学的137名专家教授组成。本刊主编为中国科学院院士韩启德教授,常务副主编为单爱莲教授,副主编由医学、临床药理、临床药学和新药审评共四部分组成。其中,医学副主编由吕媛教授、孙铁英教授、李海燕教授组成.     

在新药评价中临床药理学和药理学与临床医学的关系

<正> 临床药理学是药理学的一门分支学科。它将药理学与临床医学紧密结合,主要研究药物在人体内作用规律及人体与药物之间相互作用过程,是以评价药物在人体内的安全有效性为主要任务的一门新兴学科。由此可见临床药理学和药物评价与新药审批有着十分密切的关系,新药的临床药理评价与市场药物再评价已成为新药审批和药品管理的主要科学依据。     

非处方药分类管理制度与临床药理学的发展

本文论述了临床药理学在建立和实施处方药与非处方药分类管理制度中的作用，以及OTC分类管理制度对临床药理发展的迫切要求，表明了临床药理学进一步发展所面临的新机遇。     

临床药理学教学方法的分析与探讨

临床药理学是基础与临床的交叉学科,是医学专业和药学专业的基础主干课程,临床药理学的教学工作对学生学业收获及后期职业发展均十分重要。该文总结了目前临床药理学教学的方法和技巧,供广大教师参考。对所述教学方法的综合应用将有助于提高教师教授临床药理学的教学水平和教学质量,有助于提高学生学习临床药理学的兴趣和效果。     

浅谈临床药理学教学中的几点体会

临床药理学是临床医学生在开始临床实践活动前所接触的一门实用课程。为了提高临床药理学教学质量,培养具有扎实理论基础和一定临床工作能力的实用型医学人才,笔者通过总结在临床药理学教学中的经验与感受,就如何提高教学质量,培养学生学习的积极性和自主性,谈谈几点教学中的体会。     

Systolic time intervals in clinical pharmacology

Conclusion Heart rate-corrected STI integrate and reflect changes in ventricular inotropy, preload and afterload. STI represent a global method for the evaluation of cardiovascular performance, provided very well controlled study designs, including positive and negative controls and strictly standardised conditions are followed. STI are accurate, economic, reproducable and are very sensitive. They represent a useful non-invasive tool in clinical pharmacology for assessing the influence of drugs, their dose-effect relationships, and the time course of their effects on the cardiovascular system.     

我院临床药学工作现状与展望

介绍本院临床药学工作开展情况和展望。从临床药师查房、药品不良反应（事件）监测工作、药物咨询和合理用药宣传、抗菌药物合理使用监控、参与医院临床会诊、带教工作等方面,叙述了临床药学具体的工作内容。进一步开展上市药物的再评价、临床药学科研、临床中药师的培养工作。本院临床药学已经有了较好的开端,但是还要进一步努力。临床药学工作应该进一步与临床紧密结合,促进临床合理用药。     

Merck fellowships contribute to the continued growth of clinical pharmacology in Sweden

Since 1990, Merck, Sharpe & Dohme, Sweden, has created fellowships for physicians embarking upon a career in clinical pharmacology at Swedish medical schools. The fellowship has provided full salary at the level of a resident in clinical medicine for an average period of 1–2 years. Between 1992 and 2004, 22 fellows representing all six medical schools were selected for a fellowship. Of these, 20 have received specialties in clinical pharmacology, 11 now (2006) have positions as physicians in clinical pharmacology in university hospitals, 7 in the pharmaceutical industry, and 2 in a drug control agency. Two have not yet completed their training. The fellowships have been granted on the basis of excellence in clinical pharmacological problem-oriented research. The peer review of the applications has been performed by academic professors in clinical pharmacology and the chairperson of the Swedish Society of Clinical Pharmacology. The importance of having a donor with serious dedication to training and research and a scholarship organization that can prioritize these goals in an unbiased way are underlined. The Swedish MSD fellowships are a valuable complement to the resources provided by society to support the development of clinical pharmacology, i.e. the health care organizations, the faculties in medicine, and various research foundations.     

The chemistry,pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of diflunisal

Summary

Studies are reviewed on diflunisal, a new analgesic agent with an improved therapeutic index, compared with acetylsalicylic acid, in animals and humans. Pharmacokinetic data indicate that a twice-daily dosage regimen of diflunisal is adequate for therapeutic purposes. Diflunisal inhibits prostaglandin E synthesis, but in humans at clinically effective doses it does not alter bleeding time or platelet aggregation. Diflunisal is uricosuric at clinically effective doses. No clinically important drug interactions with diflunisal have been found to date, although some slight alterations in blood and urine drug levels have been noted. The slight increase in prothrombin time seen when diflunisal and acenocoumarol were co-administered is not considered to be of major clinical importance.     

The clinical pharmacology of acamprosate

Acamprosate is one of the few medications licensed for prevention of relapse in alcohol dependence, and over time it has proved to be significantly, if moderately, effective, safe and tolerable. Its use is now being extended into other addictions and neurodevelopmental disorders. The mechanism of action of acamprosate has been less clear, but in the decade or more that has elapsed since its licensing, a body of translational evidence has accumulated, in which preclinical findings are replicated in clinical populations. Acamprosate modulates N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor transmission and may have indirect effects on γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor transmission. It is known to decrease brain glutamate and increase β-endorphins in rodents and man. Acamprosate diminishes reinstatement in ethanolized rodents and promotes abstinence in humans. Although acamprosate has been called an anticraving drug, its subjective effects are subtle and relate to diminished arousal, anxiety and insomnia, which parallel preclinical findings of decreased withdrawal symptoms in animals treated with acamprosate. Further understanding of the pharmacology of acamprosate will allow appropriate targeting of therapy in individuals with alcohol dependence and extension of its use to other addictions.