气相色谱法测定姜黄挥发油中月桂烯、2-壬酮、异龙脑、莪术醇含量

目的:以气相色谱法测量姜黄挥发油中月桂烯、2-壬酮、异龙脑、莪术醇的含量,拟建立其含量测定方法,为姜黄质量控制提供依据。方法:采用气相色谱法,Elite-WAX ETR(0.25μm×0.25 mm×30 m)柱;程序升温:初始温度40℃,以7℃/min升至130℃,再以10℃/min升至200℃,保持15 min;载气为高纯氮气(≥99.999%),载气流量2 mL/min,分流比为10∶1;检测器:FID,检测器温度280℃,进样口温度250℃。结果:四种物质的方法学考察均符合要求,准确测定了10个批次姜黄挥发油样品中月桂烯、2-壬酮、异龙脑、莪术醇的含量。结论:气相色谱法测定姜黄挥发油中月桂烯、2-壬酮、异龙脑、莪术醇的含量简便、快捷,可用于控制姜黄的质量。     

气相色谱法测定马兰挥发油中β-石竹烯的含量

目的:建立气相色谱法测定马兰挥发油中β-石竹烯含量的方法。方法:使用挥发油提取器提取马兰挥发油,采用气相色谱法测定挥发油中β-石竹烯含量。采用HP-5石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)为分析柱,柱箱初始温度为143℃,保持10 min,再以20℃·min~(-1)升温至225℃。检测器为FID,进样口温度为250℃,载气为氮气,流速为1.8 mL·min~(-1)。结果:马兰中所含β-石竹烯的进样量在0.13231～1.45546g·L~(-1)(r=0.9996)范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率为98.21%(N=6,RSD=2.90%)。结论:该制备方法简单、准确、快捷,可为马兰质量标准的建立提供实验依据。     

GC法测定柴胡挥发油中3种成分的含量

目的:建立柴胡挥发油中α-蒎烯、对伞花烃和萜品油烯含量的测定方法。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法与盐析法提取柴胡中的挥发油,毛细管气相色谱法测定柴胡中的挥发油。色谱条件:HP-5毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm);采用程序升温:初始温度70℃,以1.5℃/min升至130℃;进样器温度:250℃,检测器(FID)温度:250℃;分流比15∶1。结果:在本色谱条件下,柴胡挥发油中α-蒎烯、对伞花烃和萜品油烯与其他组分能得到良好分离;α-蒎烯、对伞花烃和萜品油烯分别在1.32×10~(-2)~10.56×10~(-2) mg/mL(r=0.991 0)、1.74×10~(-2)~13.92×10~(-2) mg/mL(r=0.993 5)和1.37×10~(-2)~11.04×10~(-2) mg/mL(r=0.995 0)范围呈良好线性,加样回收率分别为97.50%、98.81%、98.17%。结论:该法简便、准确,可用于柴胡中挥发油的含量测定。     

气相色谱法测定山蜡梅叶挥发油β-CD包合物的含量

目的：建立用气相色谱法测定山蜡梅叶挥发油β-CD包合物中桉叶素的方法。方法：色谱条件：HP-5弹性石英毛细管柱30m×0.32mm;柱温：程序升温,初始温度60℃,以5℃/min的速率升至230℃;FID检测器：进样口温度250℃,检测器温度280℃;分流比为5：1。结果：气相色谱法测定山蜡梅叶挥发油线性范围0.0366-0.1830mg/ml,r=0.9995;加样回收率为100.23%,RSD=2.01（n=6）。结论：本方法简单、快速、精密度、重现性好,可以作为山蜡梅叶挥发油β-CD包合物质量控制方法。     

气相色谱法同时测定广西莪术挥发油中莰烯、吉马酮、-榄香烯的含量

目的准确测量广西莪术挥发油中莰烯、吉马酮、-榄香烯的含量。方法采用气相色谱法(GC),Elite-WAX ETR(0.25 m×0.25mm×30m)柱;流速为2.0 mL/min,进样量为1 L,进样温度为250℃,分流比为20∶1;FID检测器温度为280℃,氢气流量为45.0 mL/min,空气流量为450 mL/min;程序升温:65℃保持恒温2 min,然后以5℃/min的速率上升到90℃后保持恒温3 min,然后以7℃/min的速率上升到105℃后保持恒温7 min,最后以6℃/min的速率上升到190℃后保持恒温20 min。结果三种物质的方法学考察均符合要求,准确测定了3个批次广西莪术挥发油样品中莰烯、吉马酮、-榄香烯的含量。结论 GC法测定广西莪术挥发油中莰烯、吉马酮、-榄香烯的含量简便、快捷。     

莪术挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

目的对莪术挥发性成分进行定性分析,探究莪术挥发油的主要组成。方法采用气相-质谱联用色谱法进行定性分析,使用Agilent 19091S-433:93.92873 HP-5MS 5%Phenyl Methyl silox-60℃-325℃(325℃)(0.25μm×0.25 mm×30 m)色谱柱;程序升温:初始温度68℃,保持3 min,以5℃/min升至160℃,以7℃/min升至220℃,保持15 min;载气流量2.0 mL/min;分流进样,进样口温度:250℃,进样量1μL;GC-MS用载气为高纯氦气(≥99.999%),质谱条件为EI源,轰击电压70eV,正离子模式,质量扫描范围50～550 amu,离子源温度230℃。结果分析5个批次的莪术挥发油样品后,鉴定出了44种成分。结论莪术挥发油成分复杂,其中主要组成成分为烯酮、烯烃、芳香烃类物质,其中表莪术呋喃烯酮、莪术二酮、吉马酮、莪术烯、β-榄香烯含量较为丰富,可为莪术挥发油及其相关制剂的质量控制研究提供科学基础。     

莪术挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

目的对莪术挥发性成分进行定性分析,探究莪术挥发油的主要组成。方法采用气相-质谱联用色谱法进行定性分析,使用Agilent 19091S-433:93.92873 HP-5MS 5%Phenyl Methyl silox-60℃-325℃(325℃)(0.25μm×0.25 mm×30 m)色谱柱;程序升温:初始温度68℃,保持3 min,以5℃/min升至160℃,以7℃/min升至220℃,保持15 min;载气流量2.0 mL/min;分流进样,进样口温度:250℃,进样量1μL;GC-MS用载气为高纯氦气(≥99.999%),质谱条件为EI源,轰击电压70eV,正离子模式,质量扫描范围50～550 amu,离子源温度230℃。结果分析5个批次的莪术挥发油样品后,鉴定出了44种成分。结论莪术挥发油成分复杂,其中主要组成成分为烯酮、烯烃、芳香烃类物质,其中表莪术呋喃烯酮、莪术二酮、吉马酮、莪术烯、β-榄香烯含量较为丰富,可为莪术挥发油及其相关制剂的质量控制研究提供科学基础。     

气相色谱法测定新复方大青叶片中对乙酰氨基酚的含量

目的 建立测定新复方大青叶片中对乙酰氨基酚含量的方法.方法 采用毛细管气相色谱法,气化室温度:280℃,进样量:1μL,分流比(5∶1),色谱柱:DB-1弹性石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.53 mm×1.5μm),载气:氦气(3 mL/min),柱温:250℃,检测器:FID,检测器温度:280℃,尾吹:氮气(22mL/min).结果 新复方大青叶片中对乙酰氨基酚在0.5～2.5 mg/mL范围内呈良好线性( r=0.9994).平均回收率为100.04％.结论气相色谱法可用于新复方大青叶片中对乙酰氨基酚含量的测定.     

气相色谱法测定柑橘类果皮挥发油柠檬烯含量的方法研究

目的 建立柑橘类果皮挥发油测定柠檬烯含量的方法。方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取柑橘果皮中的挥发油,气相色谱法测定挥发油中柠檬烯含量。色谱条件:色谱柱HP-5(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25 μm);氢火焰离子化检测器(flame inoization detector, FID);进样口温度250 ℃;检测器温度250 ℃。程序升温:起始温度70 ℃,保留16 min,以30 ℃/min升温至250 ℃,保留1 min。载气氮气的流速1 mL/min;分流比100∶1,进样量1 μL。结果 柠檬烯在0~17.6 mg/mL范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系(r²=0.999 0),平均加样回收率为103.4%(n=9),峰面积相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为2.10%(n=9)。结论 本实验方法重复性好、灵敏度和准确性高,可用于柑橘类果皮挥发油中柠檬烯含量的评价方法。     

气相色谱法测定新疆昆仑雪菊挥发油中柠檬烯的含量

目的建立新疆昆仑雪菊中柠檬烯含量的测定方法。方法采用气相色谱法,Rtx-5石英毛细管柱（30m×0．25mm,0．25μm）;程序升温：50℃保持5min,以10℃／min升至230℃,保持10min;载气流量：18．30mL／min;柱压：100kPa;进样口温度：250℃;分流比：10：1;进样量：1μL。结果柠檬烯在41.90～251．40μg／mL范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9996,n=6）,平均回收率为102．72％,RSD为1．35％（n=9）。结论本实验方法可靠,重复性好,专属性强．可用于雪菊挥发油中柠檬烯的含量测定,以控制雪菊挥发油的质量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.