月季花中总黄酮含量测定

目的 建立月季花中总黄酮含量的测定方法。方法 以芦丁为对照品，利用紫外分光光度法于510nm处测定月季花中总黄酮的含量。结果 芦丁在5—50μg／ml范围内呈现良好的线性关系，回归方程为：Y=0．084A-0．002 0，r=0．9996，总黄酮平均回收率为99．97％。月季花中总黄酮含量为0．930％，RSD=0．6％。结论 比色法简便、快速、准确、灵敏，可作为测定月季花中总黄酮含量的方法。     

蒙药复方森登-4中总黄酮含量的测定

目的：建立测定森登-4中总黄酮含量的方法。方法：采用紫外可见分光光度法测定,检测波长为525nm。结果：槲皮素在浓度6．657-33．285μg,／mL范围内,呈良好线性关系。回归方程Y=12382X＋00068（r=0．9996）。线性关系良好,加样回收率为99．75％,RSD为1．09％。结论：该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于森登-4中总黄酮的含量测定。     

紫外可见分光光度法测定猕猴桃根中总黄酮含量

目的：采用紫外可见分光光度法测定猕猴桃根中总黄酮的含量。方法：药材粉末经70％乙醇回流提取1h后,采用紫外可见分光光度法（检测波长为510nm）对猕猴桃根中总黄酮的含量进行测定。结果：采用该方法可以准确测定猕猴桃根中总黄酮的含量,在0．1514～0．6562mg范围内峰吸光度与浓度呈现良好的线性关系（r=0．99901,n=6）,回归方程为：C=9．243×10^-2A-4．616×10^-3,样品平均回收率为99．76％,RSD=2．61％。结论：该法简便、快速、准确、灵敏、重现性好、操作简便,可作为测定猕猴桃根中总黄酮含量的方法。     

余甘子叶提取物总黄酮的含量测定

目的：建立余甘子叶提取物中总黄酮含量的测定方法。方法：以槲皮素为对照品,利用紫外可见分光光度法通过测定吸光度计算余甘子叶提取物中总黄酮的含量。结果：槲皮素在2．375-38μg／mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为：A=0．0303C-0．0182,r=0．9999,测得余甘子叶提取物中总黄酮平均含量为51．60％。结论：紫外可见分光光度法简单、快捷、准确、灵敏,可作为测定余甘子叶提取物中总黄酮含量的方法。     

天龙咳喘灵中总黄酮和槲皮素含量测定简

目的：测定名医验方天龙咳喘灵复方制剂中总黄酮和槲皮素的含量。方法：采用紫外一可见分光光度法测定天龙咳喘灵中总黄酮的含量;RP—HPLC测定其槲皮素的含量。结果：分光光度法测定总黄酮时,其在0．008-0．048mg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好（r=1）,平均回收率为98．98％,RSD为1．65％;RP—HPLc测定槲皮素时,其在0．0168-4）．0840mg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好（r=O．9999）,平均回收率为99．83％,RSD为2．03％。结论：确定了复方天龙咳喘灵总黄酮和槲皮素的含量,建立了可靠、稳定易行并且重复性较好的测定方法,可作为该方剂的质量控制标准。     

紫外分光光度法测定海红果中总黄酮的含量

目的建立海红果中总黄酮含量的测定方法。方法以芦丁为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法在波长500nm处测定海红果中的总黄酮。结果芦丁在0．011-0．055mg／ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,总黄酮平均回收率为100．35％,RSD1．3％（n=6）。海红干果中总黄酮含量为0．2760％。结论该方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏,可作为测定海红果中总黄酮含量的方法。     

泸州桑叶中总黄酮的含量测定

目的：建立桑叶中总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法：采用UV法测定总黄酮。结果：总黄酮在0．02-0.08mg／ml范围内具有良好的线性关系（R=0．9998）,回收率为98．52％,RSD为0．74％。结论：该方法操作简便、快速、有效、灵敏、准确、具有良好的重复性和回收率,可作为桑叶总黄酮的含量测定方法。     

紫外分光光度法测定益寿地仙颗粒中总黄酮含量的分析

目的建立紫外分光光度法测定益寿地仙颗粒总黄酮含量的方法。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定益寿地仙颗粒总黄酮的含量。结果总黄酮在0．0052-0．0416mg/ml与吸光度线性关系良好,回归方程为y=12．15x＋0．0035,r2=0．995,总黄酮含量为5．86％;样品在测定的100min内稳定、重现性良好;RSD为1．24％,回收率平均为95．51％,准确性相对偏差为0．9396％。结论方法简便可行,重现性好,为益寿地仙颗粒的质量控制提供了方法。     

印楝叶总黄酮的提取工艺研究及含量测定

目的：优选印楝叶总黄酮的提取工艺条件,并建立总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法：通过正交试验,考察溶剂浓度、回流时间和回流次数对提取工艺的影响。采用分光光度法,以芦丁为对照品,在波长500nm处测定药材总黄酮含量。结果：最佳提取条件为80％的乙醇,回流提取3次,每次1h。总黄酮在0．020～0．080mg／mL范围内线性关系良好（R=0．9992）,平均加样回收率为96．67％,RSD为0．96％。结论：优选出的最佳工艺条件经验证其结果稳定;总黄酮含量测定方法简便、快速、稳定,可用于测定印楝叶中总黄酮的含量。     

紫外分光光度法测定蜘蛛香中总黄酮的含量

目的：建立蜘蛛香中总黄酮含量测定方法。方法：以橙皮苷为标样,对蜘蛛香中黄酮类化合物采用甲醇超声提取,用紫外分光光度法,在284nm处测定吸光度。结果：总黄酮在5．10-25．50mg·L。范围内线性关系良好,其回归方程为：A=0．0325C-0．0023（r=0．9998）;平均加样回收率为97．0％（RSD为1．10％）。结论：该实验方法简便、快速、准确,可控制质量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.