Registerstudien bei Diabetes mellitus Typ?2

Diabetes type 2 is a chronic disease with an increasing socioeconomic impact. Healthcare for diabetes type 2 and related complications is often not in accordance with current guideline recommendations. Registries can be used to collect data on the epidemiological situation as well as to improve screening, diagnosis and treatment. Using registries treatment of diabetic patients can be improved on an individual and on a societal level. Given the perspective of the statutory health insurance it is of major importance to collect valid data to evaluate epidemiological and health economic questions. To perform an evaluation based on registry data, different study designs, such as cohort studies, case control studies and surveys are available. Methods of diabetes registries depend on the preferred study design but also on financial aspects, structural resources and personnel.     

Bewegung als Therapie bei Diabetes mellitus Typ?2

The beneficial role of physical exercise on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been confirmed by several controlled trials including both aerobic and resistance exercise protocols. Exercise has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, lower blood sugar levels, reduce body fat and improve physical fitness. Grade A scientific evidence has been assigned to the effect of regular physical activity on glycemic control for both endurance and resistance exercise.The recommendations for endurance exercise are: aerobic physical activity of moderate intensity (40-60% of VO(2)max or 50-70% of maximum heart rate) for at least 150?min/week and/or at least 90?min/week of vigorous aerobic exercise (>?60% of VO(2)max or >?70% of maximum heart rate). The physical activity should be distributed over at least 3 days/week and with no more than 2 consecutive days without physical activity. The recommendations for resistance exercise are: resistance exercise should be performed at least 3 times a week, including all major muscle groups, progressing to 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions at a weight that cannot be lifted >?8-10 times.     

Insulintherapie bei Diabetes Typ 1

Intensified conventional treatment (ICT) and pump treatment are the standard of care in insulin treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1. ICT is based on physiological demand, taking into account the variations and pharmacodynamics of the insulin preparations available on the market. A structured educational program specifically for the target group ensures treatment success and focusses on the quality of life of the patient.     

Pr?vention des Diabetes mellitus Typ?2

The practical implementation of effective prevention against type 2 diabetes represents a central challenge for the health care system in Germany. Evidence is excellent for the effectiveness and efficiency of diabetes prevention. Several heath-economic and health policy studies see successful diabetes prevention as the only possibility to sustainably ensure public health and health care financing. Evidence for diabetes prevention comes mainly from clinically controlled trials. The challenge lies is transferring the efforts made in the studies to concrete clinical practice, as well as in the adequate implementation of these measures in terms of both structure and content while achieving similar results. To this end, an understanding of both the pathophysiological processes of diabetes onset and the pathophysiological basics of preventive processes is essential. At the same time, regional and national structural aspects of health care and the health-economic reality are the general parameters for the implementation of novel prevention programmes. Efficient and effective prevention of type 2 diabetes is possible. The medical know-how and the basis for a network of the various protagonists in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome are available in Germany. Comprehensive and successful prevention represents a realistic goal and the conditions in Germany, as well as within the European Union, are very favourable.     

Primärprävention beim Diabetes mellitus Typ 2

The increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes constitutes a considerable individual and socio-economic risk, therefore preventive concepts are urgently needed. Three prospective studies show that a “life-style-intervention” as well as drugs can prevent the development of diabetes as well as cardiovascular complications:The Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) evaluated the influence of a “life-style-intervention”. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) additionally examined the effect of metformin. In the Stop-NIDDM-Study acarbose was used for diabetes prevention and cardiovascular endpoints were also evaluated. The incidence of type 2 diabetes can be significantly reduced by a “life-style-intervention” and also by the administration of metformin or acarbose. With acarbose cardiovascular events are reduced significantly and comparably to a therapy with statins in primary prevention.     

Kardiovaskul?rer Nutzen von k?rperlichem Training bei Diabetes mellitus Typ?2

Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease and is associated with accelerated disease progression and adverse prognosis. Multifactorial intervention, including a low-fat diet, glucose and arterial blood pressure control, smoking cessation and regular physical exercise, emerges as a promising strategy since it leads to an improvement of the modifiable risk factors, exercise tolerance and quality of life. In recent decades, aerobic endurance training and increasingly strength training have become cornerstones of diabetes treatment. Both training methods have beneficial effects on various cardiovascular risk factors including body weight, body fat percentage, and arterial hypertension, as well improved physical fitness and muscle build-up. Physical training represents an effective and economic therapeutic option, which must be used as a complement to other therapies. Without physical training, the treatment of type 2 diabetes does not conform with current guidelines.     

Körperliche Aktivität und Diabetes mellitus Typ 2

Die Diabetologie - Sport und Bewegung bringen gute Effekte für die Gesundheit und können helfen, Diabetes und Folgeerkrankungen zu bekämpfen. Mittels Analyse der Daten aus aktuellen...     

Oxidativer Stress im Endothel und bei Diabetes Typ?2

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important signaling molecules in human cells. At physiological concentrations, they can for instance protect against apoptosis and act as secondary messengers in many different signaling pathways. Disturbance of redox homeostasis, i.e., the physiological balance between ROS generation and degradation, leads to not only increased ROS levels, so-called oxidative stress, but also results in damage to macromolecules and promotes the development of diseases and accelerates the aging process. The organism has various enzyme systems at hand to eliminate excess ROS. Their inactivation or degradation under conditions of oxidative stress is tightly linked to endothelial dysfunction due to endothelial cell apoptosis, a loss of telomerase activity, and telomere shortening. Restricted endothelial function causes cardiovascular diseases and diabetes type?2.     

Lebererkrankungen bei Diabetes mellitus – Fallberichte

Die Diabetologie - Lebererkrankungen gehören seit Jahrzehnten zum Alltag von Allgemeinmedizinern und Internisten, sie sind bei Diabetes mellitus häufig, werden aber oft wenig beachtet....