鼻咽癌中细胞周期蛋白E与细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子p27kip1的相关性分析

目的: 研究鼻咽癌中细胞周期蛋白E(cyclin E)和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子(p27kip1)的表达及相关性.方法: 以抗cyclin E抗体、抗p27kip1抗体为标记物,采用免疫组织化学方法(Elivision法)对37例鼻咽癌、17例慢性鼻咽炎石蜡标本进行检测,并结合临床资料进行分析.结果: 37例鼻咽癌组织中cyclin E和p27kip1阳性表达率分别为51.4%和45.9%,17例慢性鼻咽炎中cyclin E和p27kip1阳性表达率分别为5.9%和88.2%,两者比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).Cyclin E阳性表达与病理分型、临床分期、淋巴结转移、颅神经侵犯无关(P＞0.05),但与3年生存率有关(P＜0.05);p27kip1阳性表达与病理分型、临床分期、淋巴结转移无关(P＞0.05),但与颅神经侵犯及3年生存率有关(P＜0.05).Cyclin E与p27kip1二者的表达有负相关性(r=-0.509,χ2=9.745,P=0.002).结论: cyclin E和p27kip1表达可能是判断鼻咽癌生物学行为的指标.     

p27kipl和cyclinE蛋白及PCNA在非小细胞肺癌中表达及意义

目的：探讨p27^kipl、cyclinE蛋白及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的表达及临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化法检测70例NSCLC患者p27^kipl、cyclinE蛋白及PCNA的表达。结果：(1)p27^kipl在NSCLC中阳性表达率为47．14％(33／70)，显著低于癌旁正常支气管上皮的92．0％(23／25)；cyclinE蛋白在NSCLC中阳性表达率为37．14％(26／70)，显著高于癌旁正常支气管上皮的12．0％(3／25)；PCNAⅢ-Ⅳ级在NSCLC中阳性表达率41．43％(29／70)，也显著高于正常支气管上皮(0％)；(2)p27^kipl阳性，cyclinE和PCNA低表达者生存期分别较p27^kipl阴性。cyclinE和PCNA高表达者长，且与淋巴结转移呈负相关；(3)p27^kipl与cyclinE和PCNA的表达呈负相关，cyclinE与PCNA的表达呈正相关。结论：p27^kipl低表达，cyclinE和PCNA高表达与NSCLC的发生、发展密切相关，可作为综合判断预后的指标。     

宫颈腺癌组织中细胞周期素D1和P27蛋白的表达

目的：检测人宫颈腺癌组织中细胞周期素D1（CyclinD1）和P27蛋白的表达。方法：采用免疫组织化学sP法检测56例宫颈腺癌组织、30例宫颈腺上皮内肿瘤（CGIN）和24例正常宫颈腺上皮组织中CyclinD1和P27蛋白的表达;分析其与富颈腺癌组织学分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移的关系。结果：宫颈腺癌、CGIN和正常宫颈腺上皮组织中CyclinD1的阳性表达率分别为62．50％、26．67％和0.3组间相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。上述3种组织中P27的阳性表达率分别为30．36％、53．33％和91．67％,3组间相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。宫颈腺癌组织中CyclinD1与P27的异常表达与组织学分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移有关（P均〈0．05）。宫颈腺癌组织中CyclinD1与p27的表达呈负相关（rn=-0．451,P〈0．05）。结论：CyclinD1的高表达和P27的低表达与宫颈腺癌的发生、发展密切相关。     

细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子p27^kip1在骨肉瘤中表达的研究

目的：探讨细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子p27^kip1在骨肉瘤发生中的作用。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法（S－P法）检测27例传统骨肉瘤、4例皮质旁骨肉瘤和12例良性骨肉瘤中p27^kip1的表达,表达程度采用半定量方式判定。结果：骨肉瘤中p27^kip1表达的阳性率为100％,良性骨肿瘤中表达的阳性率为75％,两者间有非常显著性差异（P＜0．01）。骨肉瘤不同分化与阳性半定量间无相关性（P＞0．05）。结论：p27^kip1蛋白表达与骨肉瘤的发生有关,但与骨肉瘤的分化程度无关。     

cyclinE、P27、Ki-67蛋白在大肠癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨细胞周期调控因子蛋白表达在大肠癌发生、发展中的作用及对预后的影响。方法采用免疫组化染色对64例大肠癌和12例正常大肠黏膜eyclinE、P27、Ki-67进行检测。结果大肠癌与正常大肠黏膜相比cy-clinE、Ki-67阳性表达率明显增高,P27阳性表达率明显降低（均P〈0．05）。Duke’s A期cyclinE阳性表达率明显高于Duke’s B、C、D期（P〈O．05）,无淋巴结转移明显高于有淋巴结转移者（P〈0．05）;cyclin E的表达与大肠癌患者的预后无关。P27表达下降或缺乏．与大肠癌的Duke’s分期、淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05）,且其5年生存率显著降低（P〈0．05）。Ki-67表达与大肠癌部位,Duke’s分期及患者预后无关。绪论eyelinE过表达及P27蛋白表达下降或缺失可能会加速细胞周期的转化,并参与大肠癌的发生;eycinE过表达可能是大肠癌形成过程中较早的分子事件。P27蛋白表达下降或缺失可能促进了大肠癌的发展及转移,且提示为患者预后不良的危险因素。     

庆大霉素诱导肾小管上皮细胞凋亡及细胞周期调节蛋白表达

目的：观察庆大霉素对体外培养的肾小管上支细胞凋亡的诱导作用；研究在细胞凋亡过程中细胞周期调节蛋白cyclinE、CDK2和p27^kipl蛋白表达的改变，并探讨细胞凋亡与细胞周期调节蛋白表达之间的关系。方法：0．2～3．2mg／ml的庆大霉素作用于体外培养的猪肾近端小管上皮细胞株(LLC-PK1细胞)24～96h,MTT法测定庆大霉素对细胞增殖的抑制率,琼脂糖凝胶电泳法观察凋亡细胞DNA条带，流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡率(AI)和细胞增殖动力学,Western印迹分析检测培养96h时细胞内cyclinE、CDK2和p27^Kipl的蛋白表达。结果：庆大霉素对LLC-PK1细胞增殖有抑制作用，庆大霉素具诱导细胞凋亡的作用,AI呈药物浓度和作用时间依赖性：庆大霉素致细胞周期停滞于G1期。随着庆大霉素浓度的增加，细胞内cyclinE和CDK2蛋白表达逐渐下调．而p27^Kipl蛋白表达则逐渐上调。结论：厌大霉素诱导的LLC—PK1细胞凋亡与细胞周期调节蛋白cyclinE和CDK2表达下调以及p27^Kipl表达上调有关。     

细胞周期蛋白p27和Cyclin D1在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 通过研究细胞周期蛋白p27、Cyclin D1在胃癌组织中的表达水平．探讨其与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法免疫组化S-P法检测50例胃癌组织中p27Kipl、Cyclin D1蛋白的表达水平。患者术前均行电子纤维镜检查,并经病理证实为胃癌。每例标本均含原发癌组织和周围正常组织．对照组周围正常组织距离癌组织5cm以上。患者术前均未接受任何抗肿瘤治疗。结果50例胃癌中．癌组织p27Kipl蛋白阳性22例．占44．0％．与正常组织比较显著降低（P〈0．001）;Cyclin D1蛋白表达阳性24例．占48．0％．与正常组织比较显著升高（P〈0．001）;p27Kipl蛋白表达水平与胃壁浸润深度、TNM分期、病理组织学分级、区域淋巴结转移均相关（P〈0．05）;而与肿瘤大小、部位、患者的年龄无显著相关性（P〉0．05）。Cyclin D1蛋白表达与病理组织学分级相关（P〈0．05）;p27Kipl与Cyclin D1两者蛋白阳性表达无显著相关性（P〉0．05）;结论（1）p27Kipl蛋白表达可作为反映肿瘤恶性程度的指标．在一定程度上可反映胃癌病人的预后;（2）Cyclin D1蛋白表达与胃癌病理组织学分级呈相关性,其过表达可能与胃癌的发生有关;（3）胃癌组织中p27Kipl与Cyclin D1蛋白阳性表达两者无相关性;     

细胞周期蛋白E在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨胃癌组织中细胞周期蛋白E的表达及其与胃癌临床病理因素的关系。方法：用免疫组织化学方法检测了40例胃癌组织中细胞周期E和p53的表达,用扩增角蛋白19mRNA的巢式RT－PCR方法检测周围静脉血微转移。结果：40例胃癌组织中细胞周期蛋白E表达阳性率为45．0％,其表达与肿瘤浸润深度、TNM分期及外周血微转移密切相关（P＜0．05）。p53蛋白表达阳性率为52．5％,在细胞周期蛋白E阳性胃癌中p53阳性率明显高于细胞周期蛋白E阴性胃癌（P＜0．05）。结论：细胞周期蛋白E在胃癌中的表达与p53的表达呈明显的一致性,并在肿瘤的进展中起一定作用。     

胃癌细胞 p27kip1 、cyclinE 的表达及与幽门螺杆菌感染关系

[目的]观察胃癌细胞p27^kjp1、cyclinE的表达情况，并分析幽门螺杆菌（Heticobacter pylori，Hp）感染对二者表达的影响，以探讨Hp可能的致癌机制。[方法]用免疫组织化学SP法检测59例胃癌p27^kip1、cyclinE表达情况，采用改良Giemsa快速尿素酶检验法检测HD感染。[结果]p27hp。阳性率在正常胃黏膜为84．22％，显著高于胃癌的47．46％（P〈0．05），胃癌中高中分化腺癌组为68．42％，显著高于低分化腺癌的37．5％和与胃黏液癌的31．25％（P〈0．05），但后两者间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。cyclinE阳性率在正常胃粘膜为11．1l％，显著低于胃癌的55．93％（P〈0．05），胃癌中高中分化腺癌组为31．58％显著低于低分化腺癌的66．67％和胃黏液癌的68．75％（P〈0．05），后两者间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。p27kjP0及cyclinE的阳性率在HD阳性和HD阴性胃癌组间无显著差异性（P〉0．05）。[结论]胃癌组织p27kipl表达下调、cyclinE表达上调，提示二者的表达失衡可能会促进胃癌的发生。但二者表达与HD感染无明显相关关系。     

结肠癌中P27^kipl与Ki67的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨P27^kipl和Ki67的表达与结肠癌的发生、发展的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测64例结肠癌组织和癌旁正常组织中P27^kipl和Ki67的表达。结果P27^kipl和Ki67在结肠癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为23．44％和46．88％,它们在癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率分别为87．50％和3．13％。P27^kipl和Ki67在结肠癌中的表达与年龄、性别无关（P〉0．05）,与不同分化程度、Dukes分级和淋巴结是否转移有关（P〈0．05）。且P27kipl与Ki67的表达呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论P27^kipl的表达下调和Ki67的表达上调在结肠癌的发生、发展和转移过程中起着重要的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.