子宫内膜异位症术后置左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器的临床疗效

目的观察子宫内膜异位症术后置左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器的临床疗效。方法选择经手术和病理确诊的子宫内膜异位症患者84例,均行腹腔镜手术,按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组42例。对照组术后仅予短期药物治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上术后放置左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器。术后随访1年,比较两组疗效。结果治疗组随访1年时的疼痛评分为0分,低于对照组的（1．5±0．2）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组术后术后月经量占术前的比例及癌抗原125水平明显低于对照组[（11±3）％比（45±6）％、（7．01±2．97）U／L比（38．79±31．43）U／L],差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组术后病灶复发率为2．38％（1／42）,低于对照组的28．57％（12／42）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论子宫内膜异位症术后置左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器能明显缓解患者术后疼痛,减少月经量,降低病灶复发率,临床疗效显著。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后放置曼月乐的观察

目的 探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿行剥除术后放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统抑制病灶复发的有效性.方法 回顾性地分析46例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者行腹腔镜剥除术后放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿复发的控制情况,并完成2年至2年11个月的随访,观察复发情况.随机对照同期住院行腹腔镜卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术,且术后予口服孕三烯酮治疗6个月的患者38例.结果 随访发现5例复发,复发率为10.87%;对照组复发11例,复发率为28.95%.两组复发率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.41,P<0.05).结论 左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统作为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术术后针对控制复发的后续治疗,相比较传统以孕三烯酮为代表的全身激素抑制治疗,其远期观察具有较好地控制复发的结果.     

妈富隆用于卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后治疗的临床观察

目的研究妈富隆用于卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术后治疗的疗效。方法对94例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者分为3组,A组:单纯手术组,B组:服用妈富隆6个周期,C组:持续服用妈富隆,观察3组疗效。结果B组服药周期、C组总有效率明显高于A组(P<0.05)。服药周期患者自觉症状基本消失,无明显副作用。结论妈富隆对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿术后治疗有效,但停药后无预防作用。     

左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床效果观察

目的观察左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效及安全性。方法 51例患者在第1个月月经来潮后第2~5天,按照操作指南由专人行宫内放置LNG-IUS术（德国拜耳公司产品）。结果 24个月后,与放置LNG-IUS前相比,51例患者的痛经全部得到改善。痛经、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛评分显著下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;子宫体积、盆腔囊肿体积、子宫内膜厚度、血CA125明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;血红蛋白值显著升高,差异亦有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。不良反应：出现痤疮7例,月经间期出血12例,全身肿胀2例,面部色素沉着2例,脱发1例。结论放置左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统可抑制子宫内膜增长,改善患者痛经、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛等临床症状,副作用少,对子宫内膜异位症安全、有效。     

左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床观察

目的 使用左炔诺孕酮官内缓释系统(LNG-IUS)治疗子宫内膜异位症(EMS)并评价其疗效.方法 对53例EMS患者于经期末官腔放置LNG-IUS,放置后3、6、12个月观察其疗效,并进行比较.结果 放置LNG-IUS后3、6、12个月患者痛经、深部性交痛、经期肛门抽痛评分均较放置前显著降低(P＜0.05).放置后12个月CA125[(21.8±12.5)kU/L]及雌二醇[(78.8±45.5)ne/L]较放置前及放置后3、6个月明显改善[CA125:(36.3±17.5)、(33.5±15.6)、(28.2±11.7)kU/L,雌二醇:(40.4±28.6)、(42.5±31.5)、(56.5±36.2)ng/L](P＜0.05).放置后6、12个月患者月经量较放置前明显减少(P＜0.05),生活质量明显改善(P＜0.05).结论 LNG-IUS作为释放微量孕激素的缓释系统可以安全有效地治疗EMS,不良反应小.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system(LNGIUS) in the treatment of endometriosis. Methods Fifty-three patients suffering from endometriosis were placed LNG-IUS in uterine cavity after menstruation. The efficacy 3,6,12 months after LNG-IUS placement was observed and compared. Results The scores of dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia, menstrual anus pain 3,6,12 months after LNG-IUS placement were lower than those before LNG-IUS placement (P ＜ 0.05 ).CA125 [(21.8±12.5) kU/L]and destradiol [(78.8±45.5)ng/L] 12 months after LNG-IUS placement were improved than those before LNG-IUS placement and 3,6 months after LNG-IUS placement [CA 125:(36.3±17.5), (33.5±15.6), (28.2 ± 11.7) kU/L,destradiol: (40.4 ± 28.6), (42.5 ± 31.5), (56.5 ± 36.2) ng/L](P ＜ 0.05 ). The menstrual blood volume was less 6,12 months after LNG-IUS placement than that before LNG-IUS placement (P＜0.05), and the quality of life was improved( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion LNG-IUS can be safe and effective treatment of patients with endometriosis, and less side effects.     

左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床观察

目的:观察左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统(LNG-IUS)治疗子宫内膜异位症(Endometriosis EM)及子宫腺肌病(Adenomyosis AM)的临床效果和不良反应。方法:对59例诊断为AM或EM的患者放置LNG-IUS,观察放置前、放置后6个月及12个月的痛经评分、子宫体积、内膜厚度等指标。结果:与放置LNG-IUS前相比,59例患者在放置6、12个月后痛经、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛评分、月经失血量、CA125水平、子宫内膜厚度均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血红蛋白值显著升高,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01)。子宫体积、盆腔囊肿体积差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访12个月后,59例患者中14例仍有月经间期出血。结论:LNG-IUS可有效改善AM及EM患者临床症状,月经间期出血是常见的不良反应。     

释放左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器对多囊卵巢综合征患者子宫内膜保护性研究

目的:探讨释放左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器(IUD)对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者子宫内膜的保护作用。方法:采用前瞻性研究方法,141例PCOS患者分为两组,观察组74例放置左炔诺孕酮IUD,对照组67例口服复方醋酸环丙孕酮(CPA),观察干预前、干预6个月后患者子宫内膜各项指标变化,并对干预1年患者的依从性和不良反应进行随访。结果:放置左炔诺孕酮IUD后子宫内膜明显变薄,形态学观察处于明显的抑制状态,腺体数目(GN)、腺细胞核分裂数(GM)、间质细胞核分裂数(SM)、腺腔横切直径(GD)及腺上皮细胞高度(GH)均较干预前有显著下降,GN、GD及GH下降值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随访发现两组不良反应发生率分别为32.4%和64.2%,差异有统计学意义。结论:释放左炔诺孕酮IUD用于PCOS患者,对子宫内膜有明确保护疗效,且副反应轻微,依从性好。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的诊断分析

目的通过对子宫内膜异位囊肿患者的临床表现、诊断依据和检查方法进行分析,以期找到该疾病更好的诊断措施。方法收集并统计60例子宫内膜异位囊肿患者的临床表现、术前超声诊断、术前血清CA125水平及手术方式等。结果60例患者中不孕6例,月经异常11例,痛经38例,附件包块55例。有人工流产史37例,未产26例,产1胎31例,产2胎3例。患者血清CA125水平随着AFS分期的升高而增加。超声检查结果：囊肿型32例（53．3％）,多囊型10例（16．7％）,混合型13例（21．7％）,未发现附件包块5例（8．3％）,超声诊断阳性率为91．7％。结论无论是临床症状、体征、超声或血清CA125水平均不能单一作为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的诊断方法,而采用临床表现与超声联合、同时配合免疫学检查,准确率高,可用于卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的筛查,有望进一步提高术前诊断率。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的诊断分析

目的 通过对子宫内膜异位囊肿患者的临床表现、诊断依据和检查方法进行分析,以期找到该疾病更好的诊断措施.方法 收集并统计60例子宫内膜异位囊肿患者的临床表现、术前超声诊断、术前血清CA125水平及手术方式等.结果 60例患者中不孕6例,月经异常11例,痛经38例,附件包块55例.有人工流产史37例,未产26例,产1胎31例,产2胎3例.患者血清CA125水平随着AFS分期的升高而增加.超声检查结果:囊肿型32例(53.3%),多囊型10例(16.7%),混合型13例(21.7%),未发现附件包块5例(8.3%),超声诊断阳性率为91.7%.结论 无论是临床症状、体征、超声或血清CA125水平均不能单一作为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的诊断方法,而采用临床表现与超声联合、同时配合免疫学检查,准确率高,可用于卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的筛查,有望进一步提高术前诊断率.     

左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统预防子宫内膜息肉术后复发的研究

目的:探讨左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统(LNG-IUS)预防宫腔镜子宫内膜息肉切除术后复发的临床疗效。方法:采用前瞻性随机对照研究,将303例宫腔镜子宫内膜息肉切除术(TCRP)后妇女分为两组,治疗组152例,TCRP术后立即放置LNG-IUS,其中单发性息肉103例,多发性息肉49例;对照组151例,TCRP术后无任何处理措施,其中单发性息肉111例,多发性息肉40例,门诊随访3年。结果:治疗组中无一例复发,对照组中单发性息肉有17例复发,多发性息肉有14例复发,总复发率为20.5%(31/151),两组复发率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在随访期间,治疗组无一例患者出现低雌激素症状、痤疮、多毛或肝肾功能、脂代谢异常。结论:LNG-IUS能有效地预防子宫内膜息肉切除术后的复发。     

子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术后标本的病理分析

目的:用病理学方法分析与评价子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术对卵巢功能的影响。方法:选择2004年1月～2005年10月于北医三院行子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术的患者99例,分析术后标本的囊壁厚度、纤维化程度、有无内膜腺体及子宫内膜间质成分、子宫内膜腺体在囊内壁的附着率、内膜组织浸润深度、有无卵巢正常间质及髓质成分及卵泡等情况。结果:几乎99%囊肿囊内壁都含有子宫内膜异位病灶,所有标本均有子宫内膜间质成分。全部标本都有囊壁纤维化,子宫内膜异位囊肿囊内壁的内膜异位腺体的平均附着率为(55.00±21.30)%。平均囊壁厚度为(2.26±0.89)mm。子宫内膜异位组织侵入深度的最大值为2.0 mm。98%的病例中子宫内膜异位组织最大侵入深度<1.6 mm,子宫内膜组织侵入囊壁深度平均0.63 mm。64.64%的标本中含有正常卵泡组织。结论:子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术为治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿的理想手术方式,此研究可以为妇科手术中如何最大程度地保护卵巢正常组织提供参考。     

The effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device on menorrhagia in women taking anticoagulant medication after cardiac valve replacement

Background

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LNG-IUDs) on menorrhagia in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy after cardiac valve replacement.

Study Design

Forty women with menorrhagia who underwent cardiac valve replacement and were taking anticoagulant medication were enrolled in the study. The women were randomly divided into two groups: LNG-IUDs were inserted into 20 women in Group 1 over the first 3 days of menstrual bleeding, while the women in Group 2 were followed without any intervention. The activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, hematocrit level, hemoglobin level, ferritin level and pictorial bleeding assessments for the quantity of menstrual bleeding were recorded.

Results

Three months after insertion of LNG-IUDs, the women in Group 1 had a significant decrease in blood loss and higher hemoglobin, hematocrit and ferritin values. No difference was detected for these parameters in the control group at the third and sixth months of the study. Coagulation parameters did not differ between the two groups.

Conclusion

LNG-IUDs can be considered as an effective non-surgical treatment for menorrhagia in women receiving anticoagulant therapy after cardiac valve replacement.     

Amenorrhea rates and predictors during 1 year of levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine system use

Objective

The objective was to evaluate amenorrhea patterns and predictors of amenorrhea during the first year after levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine system (IUS) placement.

Postplacental or delayed levonorgestrel intrauterine device insertion and breast-feeding duration

Background

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of timing of postpartum levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (IUD) insertion on breast-feeding continuation.

Study Design

Women interested in using a levonorgestrel IUD postpartum were randomized to immediate postplacental insertion (postplacental group) or insertion 6–8 weeks after vaginal delivery (delayed group). Duration and exclusivity of breast-feeding were assessed at 6–8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. Only women who received an IUD were included in this analysis.

Results

Breast-feeding was initiated by 32 (64%) of 50 of women receiving a postplacental IUD and 27 (58.7%) of 46 of women receiving a delayed IUD (p=.59). More women in the delayed group compared with the postplacental group continued to breast-feed at 6–8 weeks (16/46 vs. 15/50, p=.62), 3 months (13/46 vs. 7/50, p=.13), and 6 months postpartum (11/46 vs. 3/50, p=.02). The results did not differ when only women who initiated breast-feeding or only primiparous women with no prior breast-feeding experience were analyzed.

Conclusions

Immediate postplacental insertion of the levonorgestrel IUD is associated with shorter duration of breast-feeding and less exclusive breast-feeding. Further studies on the effects of early initiation of progestin-only methods on women's lactation experience are needed.     

绝经后妇女取宫内节育器术前使用米非司酮临床观察

[目的 ]　探讨米非司酮用于绝经后妇女取宫内节育器 (IUD)时软化宫颈 ,减轻疼痛的效果。　 [方法 ]　绝经1年后来门诊要求取IUD ,并为放置不锈钢金属单环者 ,随机分实验组 6 0例 ,对照组 12 0例。术前 3天 ,实验组每晚各给米非司酮 5 0mg口服。 　 [结果 ]　实验组与对照组宫颈扩张效果比较 ,满意率分别为 91.7%和 6 3.3%(P <0 .0 1) ,两组镇痛评级结果比较 ,显效率分别为 70 .0 %和 37.3%(P <0 .0 1)。　 [结论 ]　米非司酮用于绝经后妇女取IUD术前用药 ,对扩张宫颈和减轻疼痛效果满意 ,便于推广。     

Vaginal flora changes on Pap smears after insertion of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device

Background

The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) combines a uterine foreign body and the continuous release of low-dose levonorgestrel for contraception. Its influence on the rate of vulvovaginal infections and flora disturbance is insufficiently known, but important for contraceptive advice in women, especially those who develop recurrent vaginosis or Candida vulvovaginitis.

Study Design

Slides of 286 women who had a Pap smear taken before and 1 to 2 years after placement of a LNG-IUS were blindly reviewed for the presence of abnormal vaginal flora (AVF), bacterial vaginosis (BV), aerobic vaginitis (AV) and Candida vaginitis (CV).

Results

Prior to insertion, there were no differences in vaginal flora abnormalities between women using different kinds of contraception. LNG-IUS users did not have different rates of AVF, BV, AV or CV, but the general risk to develop any infection was increased. Uterine bleeding after insertion did not seem to predict a different flora type.

Conclusion

We found that Pap smears suggested more vaginal infections after 1 year of LNG-IUS use than prior to insertion of the device.     

A pilot clinical trial of ultrasound-guided postplacental insertion of a levonorgestrel intrauterine device

BACKGROUND: Postplacental intrauterine device (IUD) insertion is a safe, convenient and effective option for postpartum contraception. Few studies involve ultrasound-guided insertion, and none involve the levonorgestrel IUD or take place in the United States. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted to assess the safety and feasibility of ultrasound-guided postplacental insertion of the levonorgestrel IUD following vaginal delivery in a U.S. residency program. Levonorgestrel IUDs were inserted under ultrasound guidance within 10 min of placental delivery by hand or using ring forceps. Subjects were examined at 4 and 10 weeks postpartum for evidence of expulsion or infection. RESULTS: Thirty-four subjects were enrolled and 20 received an IUD. Follow-up data are available for 19 subjects over the 10-week follow-up period; 16 subjects returned for the 4-week follow-up, and 14 returned at 10 weeks. Two additional subjects could be contacted by telephone only. At 4 and 10 weeks postpartum, no subjects had evidence of infection. There were two expulsions (2/19, 10.5%) by 10 weeks postpartum. None of the subjects examined had a partial expulsion (intracervical location of the IUD). CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, ultrasound-guided postplacental insertion of the levonorgestrel IUD was feasible and not associated with infection. The risk of expulsion was acceptable. Ultrasound-guided postplacental insertion of the levonorgestrel IUD may be an alternative to delayed insertion but warrants further study.