Relationship between expression of CD44v6 and nm23-H1 and tumor invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣＤ４４ｉｓａｃｅｌｓｕｒｆａｃｅｔｒａｎｓｍｅｍｂｒａｎｅｇｌｙｃｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ．Ａｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆａｄｈｅｓｉｖｅｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ,ｉｔｐａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｅｓｉｎｃｅｌｃｅｌａｎｄｃｅｌｍａｔｒｉｘａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎ...     

X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白在肝细胞癌中的表达及其对患者术后复发的影响

目的 探讨肝细胞癌组织中X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)的表达及其对患者术后复发的影响.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测72例肝细胞癌组织及其癌旁组织中XJAP的表达,分析其表达与肝细胞癌临床病理因素的关系及在患者术后复发中的意义.结果 HCC组织中XIAP阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织(x2=7.03,P＜0.01).XIA...     

肝细胞癌p53及nm23-H1 mRNA表达的意义

目的探讨ｐ５３,ｎｍ２３Ｈ１与原发性肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）发生发展的关系．方法运用原位分子杂交技术对４９例ＨＣＣ中ｐ５３和ｎｍ２３Ｈ１基因ｍＲＮＡ进行检测,并结合临床病理特征进行分析．结果ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ杂交阳性２３例,占４６９％;ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ过表达与肿瘤的肝内转移．包膜侵犯及Ｅｄｍｏｎｄｓｏｎ分级相关（Ｐ＜００５）;ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ｍＲＮＡ阳性表达２７例,占５５１％;ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ｍＲＮＡ表达与肿瘤肝内转移及ＴＮＭ分期呈负相关（Ｐ＜００５）;同时发现ｐ５３ｍＲＮＡ过表达和ｎｍ２３Ｈ１ｍＲＮＡ低表达在ＨＣＣ肝内转移中具有协同作用．结论ｐ５３和ｎｍ２３Ｈ１参与ＨＣＣ的发生发展,ｐ５３过表达及ｎｍ２３Ｈ１低表达提示ＨＣＣ肝内转移．     

Expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and their effects on angiogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To determine the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to investigate the relationship between iNOS and MMP-9 expression and their effects on angiogenesis and progression of HCC. METHODS: In this study, we examined iNOS, MMP-9, and CD34 expression in specimens surgically removed from 32 HCC patients and 7 normal liver tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Meanwhile, microvessel density (MVD) was determined as a marker of angiogenesis by counting CD34-positive cells. RESULTS: The positive rates of iNOS and MMP-9 expression were 71.88% (23/32) and 78.13% (25/32) in HCC. MMP-9 expression was significantly correlated with tumor size, capsule status, TNM stage, and risk of HCC recurrence (P= 0.032, P= 0.033, P= 0.007, and P= 0.001, respectively). There was also a significant relationship between iNOS expression and capsule status and risk of HCC recurrence (P= 0.049 and P= 0.004, respectively), but no correlation between iNOS expression and tumor size and TNM stage. There was a positive association between MVD and TNM stage and risk of HCC recurrence (P= 0.037 and P= 0.000, respectively). The count of MVD was significantly different in different iNOS and MMP-9 immunoreactivity groups (F= 17.713 and 17.097, P= 0.000 and P= 0.000, respectively). The examination of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant positive correlation between MVD and iNOS, MMP-9 immunoreactivity (r= 0.754 and 0.751, P= 0.000 and A=0.000, respectively). There was also a significant association between MMP-9 and iNOS expression in HCC (P= 0.010). CONCLUSION: Nitric oxide (NO) produced by iNOS could modulate MMP-9 production and therefore contribute to tumor cell angiogenesis and invasion and metastasis in HCC. The strong expression of iNOS and MMP-9 in HCC may be helpful in evaluating the recurrence of HCC, predicting poor prognosis. For patients with strong expression of MMP-9 and iNOS, the optimal treatment scheme needs to be selected.     

Nm23-H1 expression in intrahepatic or extrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract: Aims/Background: Decreased expression of nm23, a putative metastasis suppressor gene, has been reported to be related to either intrahepatic metastasis or a poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the true role of nm23-H1 expression in both intrahepatic and distant metastases of HCC. Methods: Thirteen patients with single-nodule HCC, seven patients with HCC having satellite nodules and seven patients with HCCs having extrahepatic metastases were included in this study. The expression of nm23-H1 protein was immunohistochemically examined in both primary and metastatic nodules. Results: Ten of 13 single-nodule HCCs were found to overexpress nm23-H1 protein. All main tumors, having satellite nodules, were found to overexpress nm23-H1 protein, except for two HCCs, which only partially expressed nm23-H1 protein. Regarding the nm23-H1 expression in intrahepatic metastases, most nodules overexpressed the protein. The expression of nm23-H1 was found to be low in only one intrahepatic metastasis specimen, while its primary tumor was also found to show a low expression of nm23-H1 protein. Microscopic portal vein invasion was found in three of the five patients studied, and all cancer cells in portal invasion overexpressed nm23-H1 protein. Nm23-H1 protein was expressed in all distant metastatic tumors and the staining intensity of most metastatic nodules was similar to that of the primary tumors. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that nm23-H1 expression did not always decrease but instead tended to increase at both intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastatic sites. Based on these findings, nm23-H1 expression is not considered to be a reliable indicator of either intrahepatic or distant metastasis in HCC.     

胃癌组织KAI 1和nm23-H1蛋白的表达意义

目的:观察胃癌组织中KAI 1和nm23-H1蛋白的表达与临床病理生物学的关系,探讨KAI 1蛋白在胃癌发生、发展中的作用．方法:应用兔抗人KAI 1多克隆抗体和鼠抗人nm23-H1 单克隆抗体对87例手术切除胃癌标本以PV-9000免疫组化二步法进行染色,用x2检验进行统计学分析．结果:伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中KAI 1蛋白表达阳性率(60％,39／65)明显低于无淋巴结转移的胃癌组织(95％,21／22,P<0．05),早中期胃癌组织中KAI 1蛋白表达阳性率(94％,16／17)显著高于晚期胃癌组织(63％, 44／70,P<0．05),KAI 1蛋白高表达者其生存期亦较长 (P<0．05);伴有淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中nm23-H1蛋白表达阳性率明显低于无淋巴结转移的胃癌组织(18％ vs 77％,P<0．05),早中期胃癌组织nm23-H1蛋白表达阳性率明显高于晚期胃癌组织(65％vs26％,P<0．05)．结论:KAI 1和nm23-H1蛋白均与胃癌侵袭转移有关, 且KAI 1表达与胃癌患者预后密切相关,将两种指标联合检测,可作为正确判断胃癌患者预后,指导临床治疗的分子生物学指标．     

nm23—H1的表达与大肠癌淋巴结转移的关系

应用S-P免疫组织化学染色观察nm(23)基因亚型nm(23)-H1在大肠癌中的表达,结果大肠癌中nm(23)-H1表达的阳性率为72.2%(39/54),相应的癌旁正常组织为阴性。在与临床病理指标相关性分析中发现无淋巴结转移者nm(23)-H1表达阳性率高于有淋巴结转移者,差别有显著意义(P<0.025)。结果表明nm(23)-H1基因低表达与肿瘤进展与预后不良有关。     

Expression of metastasis suppressor gene nm23 in human hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the expression of nm23-Hi mRNA and the metastatic potential of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The expression of nm23-H1 mRNA was detected in 24 cases of HCC by in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled nm23-H1 antisense cRNA probe. Twenty-four HCC specimens were divided into two groups according to the following criteria: (1) metastasis in portal lymph nodes; (2) the number of tumors in the liver; (3) cancerous emboli in the portal vein; and (4) the existence of satellite lesions. We named those meeting criteria (1) or (2) and (3), or (3) and (4) high metastatic potential (n = 6); and the others formed the low metastatic potential group (n = 18). RESULTS: Positive results of in situ hybridization showed granules or masses in the cytoplasm. In the low metastatic potential group strong staining was obtained in ten specimens, while in the high metastatic potential group there was none. Three negative results were found in the high metastatic potential group, and one in the low metastatic potential group (P < 0.05). The expression of nm23-H1 mRNA was not correlated with some clinical factors, such as tumor size or the background liver disease. CONCLUSION: The expression of nm23-H1 mRNA is inversely correlated with HCC metastatic potential, and can be considered as an index which indicates the metastatic potential of HCC.     

Clinicopathological significance of expression of paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN in hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To evaluate the relationship of expression of paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN proteins with clinicopathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Fifty-one patients who underwent HCC resection were recruited in the study. Paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN proteins in HCC tissues were detected with immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Of 51 cases of HCC, 23 (45%) exhibited paxillin protein positive expression. Of 42 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, 24 (57%) exhibited positive expression. Positive paxillin protein expression was associated with low differentiation (r= 0.406, P= 0.004), with the presence of portal vein thrombosis (r = 0.325, P = 0.021), with extra-hepatic metastasis (r=0.346, P=0.014). Of 51 cases of HCC, 28 (55%) exhibited syndecan-1 protein positive expression. Of 42 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, 23 (55%) exhibited positive expression. Positive snydecan-1 protein expression was associated with well differentiation (r=0.491, P=0.001), with no extra-hepatic metastasis (r=0.346, P=0.014). Of 51 cases of HCC, 28 (55%) exhibited EMMPRIN protein positive expression. Of 42 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, 21 (50%) exhibited positive expression. Expression of EMMPRIN protein was not associated with serum AFP level, HBsAg status, presence of microsatellite nodule, tumor size, presence of cirrhosis and necrosis, differentiation, presence of portal vein thrombosis, extra-hepatic metastasis, disease-free survival and overall survival (P>0.05). Expression of paxillin protein was correlated conversely with the expression of syndecan-1 protein in HCC (r = -0.366, P = 0.010). CONCLUSION: Expression of paxillin and syndecan-1 proteins in HCC may affect its invasive and metastatic ability of the tumor. There may be a converse correlation between the expression of paxillin and syndecan-1 protein in HCC. Expression of EMMPRIN protein may be detected in HCC, but it may play little role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC.     

肝癌组织中凋亡调控因子Fas、FasL及caspase-3的表达及意义

目的：探讨凋亡调控因子Fas、FasL及caspase-3在肝细胞癌（HCC）组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法检测80例HCC患者肝癌组织及其相应癌旁正常肝组织中Fas、FasL及caspase-3的表达,并分析其表达与 HCC临床病理因素的相关性。结果 Fas、FasL及caspase-3在 HCC、癌旁组织中的表达比较,均差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。在TNM 分期（Ⅲ～Ⅳ期）、有门静脉癌栓、有淋巴结转移的肝癌组织中Fas 的阳性表达率明显降低（P＜0．05）;在病理分级（Ⅲ～Ⅳ级）、TNM分期（Ⅲ～Ⅳ期）、有门静脉癌栓、有淋巴结转移的肝癌组织中FasL的阳性表达率明显增高（P＜0．05）;在病理分级（Ⅲ～Ⅳ级）、TNM分期（Ⅲ～Ⅳ期）、有淋巴结转移的肝癌组织中 caspase-3的阳性表达率明显降低（P＜0．05）。80例 HCC患者肝癌组织中Fas、FasL与caspase-3的表达,两两之间并无明显关联性（狉＝0．057,P＞0．05）。结论 Fas/FasL系统的失衡及caspase-3低表达导致肝癌细胞凋亡障碍,在 HCC发生、发展及转移中起着重要作用。     

抚正抗癌方对大鼠移植性肝癌P53、nm23—H1表达的影响

目的：探讨抚正抗癌方（简称FAP）对大鼠移植性肝癌P53、nm23-h1基因表达原影响，研究其抗肿瘤作用机制。方法：40只大鼠移植性肝癌模型随机分为生理盐水组（NS）及FAP组，每组20只，分别灌胃10d，测瘤组织P53、nm23－H1水平。结果：NS及P53阳性表达率为40％，nm23-H1阴性表达率15％；FAP组P53阳性表达率为70％，nm23-H1阴性 表达率70％，二者相比，P＞0．05及P＜0．01。结论：FAP有调节荷瘤P53及nm23-H1基因表达作用，其抗癌作用可能作用于以上某一个或多个环节。     

肝癌组织中HIF-1α蛋白的表达与多药耐药蛋白相关性研究

目的：探讨肝癌组织中乏氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）蛋白的表达与多药耐药蛋白（multi-drug resistance protein,MRP）的关系。方法收集78例原发性肝细胞癌患者肝组织和对应癌旁正常肝组织的石蜡标本,采用免疫组织化学 SP法检测原发性肝细胞癌组织及其癌旁正常肝组织中 HIF-1α和 MRP 蛋白的表达情况。结果 HIF-1α和MRP蛋白在肝癌组织中的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常肝组织（P〈0.05）。病理分级（Ⅲ-Ⅳ级）、TNM 分期（Ⅲ-Ⅳ期）、有门静脉癌栓、有淋巴结转移的肝癌组织中 HIF-1α的阳性表达率明显增高（P〈0.05）;病理分级（Ⅲ-Ⅳ级）、有淋巴结转移的肝癌组织中 MRP的阳性表达率明显增高（P〈0.05）。78份肝癌组织中,HIF-1α和 MRP 的表达之间呈正相关（r=0.524,P〈0.05）。结论 HIF-1α和 MRP过表达可能在肝癌的恶性增殖、分化及淋巴结转移过程中发挥重要作用,且两者在肝癌组织中的表达可能具有协同作用。     

Ki-67、VEGF、Cyclin D1的表达与肝细胞癌生物学行为的关系

目的:探讨肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)、胆管癌、肝硬化及正常肝组织中增殖细胞核抗原(Ki-67)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)及周期素D1(Cyclin D1)蛋白表达的意义及其与肝癌生物学行为关系.方法:对HCC组织52例、胆管癌组织10例、肝硬化组织10例及正常肝组织10例,采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测Ki-67、VEGF及Cyclin D1蛋白.结果:Ki-67、VEGF及Cyclin D1在HCC的强阳性表达率分别为48.1%、55.8%及55.8%,均显著高于胆管癌、肝硬化及正常肝组织(?2=15.672、15.524、14.812,P<0.001).Ki-67与肿瘤大小、血管侵犯、分化程度有关;VEGF、Cyclin D1表达与肿瘤包膜完整、血管侵犯及肿瘤分化程度明显有关;Ki-67与VEGF及Cyclin D1间无相关.VEGF与Cyclin D1间的蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.374,P<0.01).结论:Ki-67、VEGF及Cyclin D1表达与肝细胞癌生物学行为密切相关,与肝癌的发生和发展密切相关.关键词:肝细胞癌;增殖细胞核抗原;血管内皮生长因子;周期素D1;免疫组织化学     

Prognostic significance of co‐expression of nm23 and p57 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma

Aim: To investigate the unbalance of proliferation and apoptosis and the functions of cell‐cycle proteins and apoptotic factor in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their effect in prognosis. Methods: Proliferation index and apoptosis index, as well as seven relatively molecular markers, namely p15, p34, p53, p57, p73, survivin and nm23, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL in HCC tissues and compared to adjacent non‐cancerous tissues and normal liver tissues. Furthermore, the prognostic significance by follow‐up and mutual relationships for each clinicopathologic factor and molecular marker were analysed. Results: The dysregulation between proliferation and apoptosis and the abnormal expression of seven molecular markers were observed in HCC tissues. The unbalance of proliferation and apoptosis and abnormal expressions of p15, p34, p57 and nm23 were correlated with TNM stage and extrahepatic metastasis. In particular, the abnormal co‐expression of nm23/p57 correlated with advanced TNM stage and bigger tumor size and was an independent prognostic factor of HCC. Conclusion: The unbalance of proliferation and apoptosis and abnormal expression of cell‐cycle proteins promote metastasis of HCC. Moreover, the abnormal co‐expression of nm23/p57 may be a useful molecular marker for metastasis and unfavourable prognosis for HCC.     

Expression of MUC1 and its significance in hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma tissue

AIM: To investigate the relation between MUC1 expression, distribution, and prognosis in hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC and CC) and cirrhotic liver tissues, and their significance in HCC and CC diagnosis. METHODS: Expression and distribution of MUC1 were examined by immunohistochemical assay with anti-MUC1 mAb in 59 samples of HCC and 37 samples of CC, 20 samples of cirrhotic liver tissues, and 10 samples of normal liver tissues, seeking possible associations between MUC1 positive expression, distribution in HCC and CC (primary liver cancer, PLC) cases and the studied clinical data. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis of MUC1 expression showed that in the 96 PLC samples, 68 (70.8%) were strong positive, and 6 (6.2%) were weak positive. Only 4 in the 20 cirrhotic liver tissues were found to be weak positive, while no expression of MUC1 was detected in normal liver tissues. Apparently, the high expression rate of MUC1 in PLC tissues was statistically significant in comparison to that in cirrhotic and normal liver tissues. The expressed MUC1 protein, stained in dark brownish or brownish-yellow particles, chiefly localized on the cancer cell membranes or in cytoplasm. In the 68 strong positive samples, 40 were detected on cell membrane and the other 28 were in cytoplasm. In addition, follow-up studies of those PLC cases demonstrated that MUC1 expression on cell membrane or in cytoplasm was closely associated with PLC prognosis. The expression of MUC1 in PLC had little statistical significance in respect of the pathological types and sizes of the tumors, but a strong relationship regarding histological differentiation, metastasis of lymph nodes, portal canal emboli, and post-operational recurrence of the carcinomas. After 3 years of tumor excision, the metastasis rate in MUC1 positive expression group (67.6%) was much higher than that in MUC1 weak expression group (33.3%) and negative expression group (31.8%), and thus the survival rate in MUC1-positive expression group was significantly different from that in weak and negative expression groups. CONCLUSION: Expression and localization of MUC1 proteins in primary liver carcinomas (PLCs) may act as prognostic markers, and MUC1 molecules might be helpful in differential diagnosis.     

Expression of MUC1 and its significance in hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma tissue

AIM: To investigate the relation between MUC1 expression,distribution, and prognosis in hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC and CC) and cirrhotic liver tissues, and their significance in HCC and CC diagnosis.METHODS: Expression and distribution of MUC1 were examined by immunohistochemical assay with anti-MUC1 mAb in 59 samples of HCC and 37 samples of CC, 20 samples of cirrhotic liver tissues, and 10 samples of normal liver tissues, seeking possible associations between MUC1 positive expression, distribution in HCC and CC (primary liver cancer, PLC) cases and the studied clinical data.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis of MUC1 expression showed that in the 96 PLC samples, 68 (70.8%)were strong positive, and 6 (6.2%) were weak positive.Only 4 in the 20 cirrhotic liver tissues were found to be weak positive, while no expression of MUC1 was detected in normal liver tissues. Apparently, the high expression rate of MUC1 in PLC tissues was statistically significant in comparison to that in cirrhotic and normal liver tissues.The expressed MUC1 protein, stained in dark brownish or brownish-yellow particles, chiefly localized on the cancer cell membranes or in cytoplasm. In the 68 strong positive samples, 40 were detected on cell membrane and the other 28 were in cytoplasm. In addition, follow-up studies of those PLC cases demonstrated that MUC1 expression on cell membrane or in cytoplasm was closely associated with PLC prognosis. The expression of MUC1 in PLC had little statistical significance in respect of the pathological types and sizes of the tumors, but a strong relationship regarding histological differentiation, metastasis of lymph nodes, portal canal emboli, and post-operational recurrence of the carcinomas. After 3 years of tumor excision, the metastasis rate in MUC1 positive expression group (67.6%) was much higher than that in MUC1 weak expression group (33.3%) and negative expression group (31.8%), and thus the survival rate in MUC1-positive expression group was significantly different from that in weak and negative expression groups.CONCLUSION: Expression and localization of MUC1 proteins in primary liver carcinomas (PLCs) may act as prognostic markers, and MUC1 molecules might be helpful in differential diagnosis.     

Expression of fragile histidine triad in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and its relation with cell proliferation and apoptosis

AIM: To evaluate the expression of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene protein, product of a candidate tumor suppressor, and to investigate the relationship between FHIT, cell apoptosis and proliferation, and pathological features of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Forty-seven HCC and ten normal liver specimens were collected during surgical operation between 2001 and 2003. FHIT and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression were detected by immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic level was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay on the tissue sections. RESULTS: All normal liver tissues showed a strong expression of FHIT, whereas 28 of 47 (59.6%) carcinomas showed a significant loss or absence of FHIT expression (P= 0.001). The proportion of reduced FHIT expression in those carcinomas at stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ (70.6%) and in those with extrahepatic metastasis (86.7%) showed an increasing trend compared with those at stages HI (30.8%, P= 0.013) and those without metastasis (46.9%, P = 0.010) respectively. Apoptotic incidence in advanced TNM stage carcinoma and those with positive FHIT expression was higher than that in early stage carcinoma (P=0.030) and in those with negative FHIT expression (P=0.044) respectively. The proliferating potential of hepatocellular carcinoma was associated with FHIT expression (P= 0.016) and the aggressive feature (P = 0.019). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the survival time of these 47 patients correlated with TNM stage, FHIT expression and metastasis. CONCLUSION: There is marked loss or absence of FHIT expression, as well as abnormal apoptosis-prdiferation balance in HCC. FHIT may play an important role in carcinogenesis and development of HCC.     

CD44 V6和VEGF在肝癌组织中的表达及其预后价值的研究

目的探讨CD44 V6和VEGF在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达及其在临床预后中的价值。方法对随访的40例原发性肝癌临床病理学资料进行回顾性分析分类,并按照1年内有无复发和转移分组,然后进行常规HE染色及CD44 V6、VEGF的免疫组化染色(S_P法)。结果结果CD44 V6和VEGF主要定位于癌细胞的胞膜,部分胞质同时出现阳性表达;在40例肝癌组织中,CD44 V6和VEGF的阳性表达率分别为75%(30/40)和77.5%(31/40);CD44 V6、VEGF在复发和转移组的表达均高达88.9%(16/18,16/18),明显高于未复发和转移组,和肿瘤侵袭转移的发生有相关性(P<0.05),癌组织中的表达均明显高于癌旁组织,而在肿瘤大小及组织学分级间未见明显差异。结论资料提示肝癌组织中CD44 V6和VEGF过表达分析,有助于肝癌侵袭、转移预测和肝癌预后判断。