实时三维经食管超声心动图在成人房间隔缺损介入封堵术中的应用

目的探讨实时三维TEE(RT-3D-TEE)在成人房间隔缺损(ASD)经导管封堵术中的应用价值。方法对TTE初筛后拟行封堵治疗的31例ASD患者行RT-3D-TEE检查,测量缺损最大径和面积,与TTE、二维TEE(2D-TEE)测值进行比较;评价缺损解剖特征,判断其是否适宜行封堵术,并选择封堵器型号。结果 TTE、2D-TEE和RT-3D-TEE测量ASD最大径分别为(21.32±6.21)mm、(22.80±5.87)mm和(23.44±5.90)mm,RT-3D-TEE与TTE和2D-TEE比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);RT-3D-TEE所测缺损面积与最大径显著相关(r=0.92,P<0.05);RT-3D-TEE显示房间隔缺损形状多为近似椭圆形,较少为不规则形及近似圆形,可清晰显示ASD残缘情况及周围毗邻结构的空间关系;根据RT-3D-TEE结果,29例属封堵术适应证,并封堵成功,封堵器大小为最大径测值+(5.4±2.3)mm。结论 RT-3D-TEE可直观评价ASD大小、形态及毗邻结构空间关系,在成人ASD封堵治疗中有重要应用价值。     

风湿性二尖瓣狭窄患者左心房流体力学观察

目的探讨风湿性二尖瓣狭窄(MS)患者发生心房颤动(AF)与左心房流体力学环境的关系.方法根据术前心律情况不同,将49例合并AF的MS患者分为2组,A组(n＝25):合并慢性AF,B组(n＝24):均为窦性心律;对照组:29例正常人作为对照.采用超声心动图检测3组左心房流体力学指标,术后6～8个月复查.结果术后A组左心房机械应力(LAS)、左心房面积(LAA)和左心房容积(LAV)均较术前降低或减少,B组LAS亦较术前明显降低(P＜0.01).术前A组LAS明显低于B组,LAA、LAV明显大于B组;术后A组LAA、LAV仍大于B组(P＜0.01).术前、术后A组、B组LAS、LAA、LAV均高于或大于对照组.结论 MS患者术后左心房流体力学环境远未恢复正常,LAS可能是导致MS患者发生AF的重要因素.     

二尖瓣病变患者血浆赖氨酸氧化酶水平与持续性心房颤动的关系

目的探讨二尖瓣病变患者赖氨酸氧化酶(lysyl oxidase,LOX)表达与持续性心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)的关系。方法 2012年3月至2014年2月纳入我院拟行瓣膜置换术187例二尖瓣膜病变患者。根据是否伴有持续性AF,将研究患者分为窦性心律(sinus rhythm,SR)组和AF组。在AF组,根据患者的二尖瓣病变类型,进一步分组为二尖瓣狭窄(mitral stenosis,MS)伴AF组(MS+AF组)和二尖瓣反流(mitral regurgitation,MR)伴AF组(MR+AF组)。AF组97例,男44例、女53例,年龄(52.76±11.35)岁;SR组90例,男48例、女42例,年龄(47.95±14.22)岁。结果二尖瓣病变患者中51.87%(97/187)伴有AF,与二尖瓣反流相比,二尖瓣狭窄较多伴有持续性AF(60.31%vs.34.43%,P0.05)。AF组血浆LOX表达水平明显高于SR组(73.78±25.42IU/L vs.51.05±18.96 IU/L,P0.05)。在AF患者中,MS组的LOX水平高于MR组(84.21±32.15 IU/L vs.59.74±35.21IU/L,P0.05)且易伴有血栓。多元回归分析结果显示:AF与LOX水平(r=0.124,P=0.036)及左心房直径(r=0.531,P=0.042)有关。结论二尖瓣病变患者血浆LOX水平升高与AF发生有关,二尖瓣狭窄患者尤为明显。     

尺度效应对剪切波弹性成像诊断甲状腺良、恶性结节效能的影响

目的观察病灶大小对剪切波弹性成像(SWE)鉴别诊断甲状腺良、恶性结节效能的影响。方法回顾性分析214例甲状腺结节患者,共215枚结节,良性93枚、恶性122枚,根据结节最大径分为小结节组(最大径1.00 cm, 85枚)、中结节组(1.00 cm≤最大径1.50 cm, 67枚)及大结节组(最大径≥1.50 cm, 63枚);对比良、恶性结节及各组结节最大弹性模量(E_(max))差异,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线观察E_(max)诊断甲状腺良、恶性结节的截断值及曲线下面积(AUC),评价结节横径、前后径及最大径与E_(max)的相关性。结果恶性结节E_(max)大于良性结节(P0.01)。各组恶性结节E_(max)均大于良性(P均0.01)。各组间恶性结节E_(max)差异有统计学意义(P0.01),且大结节组大于小结节及中结节组(P均0.05),小结节与中结节组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。各组间良性结节E_(max)差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。E_(max)鉴别全部甲状腺结节、小结节组、中结节组及大结节组良、恶性病变的截断值分别为30.65、29.40、30.70及52.65 kPa, AUC分别为0.82、0.79、0.76及0.89,差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05);针对大结节组将截断值调整为52.65 kPa时,诊断特异度达100%。E_(max)与结节横径、前后径及最大径线均呈正相关(r=0.29、0.29、0.55,P均0.05)。结论以SWE参数E_(max)判断甲状腺良、恶性结节时存在尺度效应;针对最大径≥1.50 cm的甲状腺结节,适当提高E_(max)截断值有助于改善诊断效能。     

早泄患者人格特征及心理状况的调查与分析

目的:调查男科门诊中早泄(PE)患者人格特征及心理状况,并分析PE患者人格特征与心理状况之间关系。方法:使用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和90项症状清单(SCL-90)对2018年10月至2019年2月就诊的94例PE患者进行调查分析。结果:①PE患者EPQ的神经质得分显著高于全国成人男性常模(t=12.010,P0.01),内外向得分显著高于全国成人男性常模(t=2.557,P0.05),掩饰性得分显著低于全国成人男性常模(t=-8.736,P0.01);②PE患者在SCL-90的强迫(t=2.787,P0.01)、精神病性(t=3.944,P0.01)和焦虑(t=2.512,P0.05)方面得分均高于全国常模;③EPQ与SCL-90结果之间显著相关,精神质与恐怖(r=0.455,P0.01)、人际关系(r=0.295,P0.01)、敌对(r=0.375,P0.01)、精神病性(r=0.363,P0.01)、强迫(r=0.284,P0.01)、抑郁(r=0.294,P0.01)、偏执(r=0.336,P0.01)、躯体化(r=0.400,P0.01)和焦虑(r=0.358,P0.01)均呈高度显著正相关;神经质与恐怖(r=0.466,P0.01)、人际关系(r=0.611,P0.01)、敌对(r=0.509,P0.01)、精神病性(r=0.593,P0.01)、强迫(r=0.573,P0.01)、抑郁(r=0.560,P0.01)、偏执(r=0.550,P0.01)、躯体化(r=0.465,P0.01)和焦虑(r=0.572,P0.01)均呈高度显著正相关;内外向与人际关系(r=-0.226,P0.05)和抑郁(r=-0.228,P0.05)呈显著负相关;掩饰性与恐怖(r=-0.351,P0.01)、人际关系(r=-0.433,P0.01)、敌对(r=-0.347,P0.01)、精神病性(r=-0.427,P0.01)、强迫(r=-0.345,P0.01)、抑郁(r=-0.379,P0.01)、偏执(r=-0.393,P0.01)、掩饰性与躯体化(r=-0.204,P0.05)和焦虑(r=-0.237,P0.05)呈显著负相关。结论:男科门诊中PE患者的人格特征和心理状况与正常男性存在差异,并且PE患者的某些人格特征与心理状况存在一定的相关性,尤其是高神经质。     

心脏CT血管造影三维重建定量左心耳口部周长选择封堵器型号

目的 观察心脏CT血管造影(CTA)三维重建定量左心耳(LAA)口部周长对选择左心耳封堵术(LAAC)治疗房颤(AF)所用封堵器型号的价值。方法 基于术前心脏CTA三维重建、经食管超声心动图(TEE)及术中LAA造影测量94例接受LAAC AF患者LAA口部最大长径,基于心脏CTA三维重建测量LAA口部周长、计算周长衍生直径(PDD)。分析LAA口部参数与植入封堵器型号的相关性及一致性,评估以各种方法所获LAA口部参数预测与实际植入封堵器型号的一致性;以LAA PDD为预测变量、植入封堵器型号为因变量建立线性回归方程。结果 实际植入封堵器型号(真实直径)为(28.95±3.13)mm,周长为(90.90±9.82)mm。心脏CTA、TEE及术中LAA造影所测LAA口部最大长径分别为(24.63±3.17)mm、(24.07±3.19)mm及(23.17±3.25)mm,均与封堵器型号呈正相关(r=0.814、0.691、0.790,P均<0.001);基于心脏CTA所测LAA口部周长为(78.48±10.69)mm, PDD为(24.98±3.40)mm; LAA口部周长与封堵器...     

双源CT评估心房颤动患者左心房及左心耳结构及功能重构

目的探讨应用双源CT评估心房颤动(AF)患者左心房及左心耳结构及功能改变,分析其与左心耳血栓形成的关系。方法回顾性分析84例AF患者(AF组)及对照组32例的心脏CT资料,以图像后处理软件测量左心房最大、最小容积(LAVmax、LAVmin)及左心耳最大、最小容积(LAAVmax、LAAVmin),计算左心房射血分数(LAEF)及左心耳射血分数(LAAEF)。根据临床症状将AF组患者分为阵发性AF亚组及持续性AF亚组,又根据是否存在左心耳血栓或"血栓前状态"分为AF左心耳血栓阳性亚组及阴性亚组,对左心房及左心耳容积及心功能指标进行统计学分析。结果 AF左心耳血栓两亚组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAAVmax及LAAVmin均明显高于对照组(P均0.05),且AF左心耳阳性亚组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAAVmax及LAAVmin均高于阴性亚组(P均0.01);AF左心耳血栓两亚组LAEF及LAAEF均明显低于对照组(P均0.001),且AF左心耳阳性亚组LAEF及LAAEF均低于阴性亚组(P均0.001)。持续性AF亚组LAEF及LAAEF均明显低于阵发性AF亚组(P均0.01),阵发性AF亚组与持续性AF亚组间LAVmax、LAVmin、LAAVmax及LAAVmin差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。持续性AF亚组左心耳血栓及"血栓前状态"发生率明显高于阵发性AF亚组[72.41%(21/29)vs 14.55%(8/55),χ2=113.46,P0.001]。结论当AF患者存在左心耳血栓或"血栓前状态"时,左心房及心耳结构及功能重构更明显。     

血清抗缪勒管激素在梗阻性和非梗阻性无精子症鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的:通过测定正常生育男性、梗阻性无精子症(OA)患者、非梗阻性无精子症(NOA)患者血清抗缪勒管激素(AMH)水平,探讨其是否作为血清标志物鉴别诊断OA和NOA。方法:选择2018年9月至2019年4月男性不育门诊就诊的患者作为研究对象,采用化学发光免疫法测定正常生育组(n=43)、OA组(n=14)、NOA组(n=45)患者血清中的AMH、抑制素B、FSH水平,经阴囊B超测量睾丸体积。并对正常生育组、OA组和NOA组均进行AMH、抑制素B、FSH、睾丸体积的统计分析。结果:AMH正常生育组[(8.13±3.95) ng/ml]和OA组[(8.51±4.77) ng/ml]均明显高于NOA组[(5.65±3.13) ng/ml,P0.05],抑制素B正常生育组[(127.38±40.50) pg/ml]和OA组[(131.25±52.30) pg/ml]均明显高于NOA组[(25.98±16.29)pg/ml,P0.01],FSH正常生育组[(4.22±3.23) IU/L]和OA组[(4.54±2.09) IU/L]均明显低于NOA组[(19.87±13.09)IU/L,P0.01];正常生育组与OA组AMH、抑制素B、FSH差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,抑制素B与AMH呈正相关(r=0.326,P=0.01),与FSH呈负相关(r=-0.662,P0.01);FSH与AMH呈负相关(r=-0.468,P0.01);睾丸体积与AMH呈正相关(r=0.339,P0.01),与抑制素B呈正相关(P0.01,r=0.733),与FSH呈负相关(P0.01,r=0.597);精子浓度与抑制素B呈正相关(r=0.522,P0.01),与FSH呈负相关(r=-0.421,P0.01),与睾丸体积呈正相关性(r=0.605,P0.01)。结论:AMH可作为睾丸精子发生的血清标志物之一,并单独或与抑制素B和FSH三者联合用于OA和NOA的鉴别诊断。     

MSCT测量正常成人肝脏体积

目的探讨应用MSCT测量正常成人肝脏体积的价值。方法选择无基础肝病、无引起肝体积变化的其他系统疾病成年人98名,按年龄分为4组,A组18~40岁(n=21)、B组41~50岁(n=22)、C组51~60岁(n=28)、D组61~83岁(n=27),行64层MSCT平扫,采用Syngo Acquisition工作站的Volume软件通过层切法逐层勾画肝脏各叶,由软件自动测算出数据。结果各组间男性尾状叶及肝脏总体积的差异有统计学意义(P均0.05),女性左内叶、右前叶及肝脏总体积的差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。肝脏总体积与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.408,P0.01),与体表面积、体质量呈正相关(体表面积:r=0.254,P0.05;体质量:r=0.421,P0.01),而与身高无相关(r=0.15,P0.05)。结论正常生理状态下肝脏总体积随年龄、体质量、体表面积而变化;MSCT测量肝脏体积有助于指导临床对相关疾病制定治疗方案及选择手术方式。     

下腔静脉塌陷指数与产妇腰麻后仰卧位低血压综合征的相关性

目的观察下腔静脉塌陷指数(IVC-CI)对产妇腰麻后仰卧位低血压综合征(SHS)的预测价值。方法随机选择行择期剖宫产手术的产妇58例,年龄20～35岁,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,根据是否发生SHS将产妇分为两组:发生SHS组(S组,n=35)和未发生SHS组(W组,n=23)。记录两组入室后平卧位(T_0)、手术床左倾30°(T_1)、腰麻后5 min(T_2)、S组发生SHS(T_3)时的HR、SBP、DBP。使用超声测量T_0—T_2时下腔静脉(IVC)内径的最大值(IVC_(max))和最小值(IVC_(min)),计算IVC-CI=(IVC_(max)-IVC_(min))/IVC_(max)。分析S组T_0—T_2时IVC-CI与T_3时SBP的相关性。结果与T_0时比较,T_1时两组HR明显减慢(P0.05),SBP和DBP明显升高(P0.05);T_2时两组HR明显增快(P0.05),SBP和DBP明显降低(P0.05)。T_0—T_2时S组SBP和DBP明显低于W组(P0.05),IVC_(max)和IVC_(min)明显高于W组(P0.05)。T_0时S组IVC-CI明显低于W组(P0.05),T_1、T_2时S组IVC-CI明显高于W组(P0.05)。S组T_0(r=-0.37,P=0.03)、T_1(r=-0.44,P=0.01)、T_2(r=-0.38,P=0.03)时IVC-CI和T_3时SBP呈明显线性负相关。ΔIVC-CI预测SHS的临界值为0.75%,敏感性为66.7%,特异性为80.0%。结论产妇体位变换前后超声测量下腔静脉塌陷指数能够预测仰卧位低血压综合征的发生。     

Clinical significance of anterior mitral leaflet fibrillation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: comparison with blood flow and wall motion of the left atrial appendage

Background and purpose  Diastolic fibrillation of the anterior mitral leaflet (AML) is seen in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its clinical significance has been unclear. On the other hand, reduced blood flow velocity in the left atrial appendage (LAA) may be associated with LA thrombus formation. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the flow velocity and the wall motion velocity of the LAA and diastolic fibrillation of the AML in patients with nonvalvular AF. Methods  We performed transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in 45 consecutive patients with chronic nonvalvular AF. The LAA flow velocity was measured by pulsed Doppler echocardiography with the sample volume positioned at the center of the LAA. The LAA wall motion velocity was measured by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) with the sample volume at the medial wall of the LAA. The AML fibrillation velocity was measured by pulsed DTI with the sample volume at the AML tip. Results  The AML fibrillation velocity could be measured in 44 patients (97.8%), and the LAA flow and wall motion velocities were measurable in 35 (77.8%) and 42 (93.3%) patients, respectively. The AML fibrillation velocity had a range from 4 to 21 cm/s and showed significant positive correlation with the LAA flow velocity (r = 0.82, P < 0.001) and the wall motion velocity (r = 0.80, P < 0.001) of the LAA. An AML fibrillation velocity of ≤7 cm/s predicted patients having a tendency to LA thrombus formation (LAA flow velocity ≤20 cm/s) with high sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (88.9%). Conclusion  The AML fibrillation velocity seems to be a viable substitute for the LAA flow velocity in the detection of flow stagnation in the LA.     

经食管实时三维超声心动图在经胸微创继发孔型房间隔缺损封堵术中的应用

目的探讨经食管实时三维超声心动图（RT-3D-TEE）在经胸微创封堵术治疗继发孔型房间隔缺损（SASD）中的应用价值。方法对TTE诊断为SASD的58例患者行经胸微创封堵治疗。术前行RT-3D-TEE检查,明确SASD的位置、类型、大小及边缘情况,以选择合适的封堵器;术中于RT-3D-TEE引导下放置封堵器;术后即刻评价封堵效果,1周后复查TTE。结果58例患者均封堵成功,3例少量残余分流;术后1周TTE检查示封堵器位置正常,均无残余分流。结论RT-3I）_TEE可立体显示SASD的部位、形态及与周围结构的空间关系,对于选择封堵器型号、全方位引导放置封堵器及术后疗效评价具有重要临床应用价值。     

对比盘式封堵器LAmbre与LAcbes封堵左心耳治疗心房颤动

目的 对比以盘式封堵器LAmbre与LAcbes行左心耳封堵(LAAC)治疗心房颤动(AF)的有效性和安全性。方法 分析99例接受以LAcbes封堵器(LAcbes组)、130例以LAmbre封堵器(LAmbre组)行LAAC的AF患者,对比治疗效果、安全性及预后。结果 LAcbes组左心耳完全封堵率66.67%(66/99),LAmbre组57.69%(75/130),组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LAcbes组密封盘直径、固定盘直径及封堵术后周边漏(特别是1~3 mm周边漏)发生率均低于LAmbre组(P均<0.01)。2组围术期均无急性心脏压塞及死亡病例。术后(中位复查时间为术后72天)复查经食管超声心动图,组间器械相关血栓发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后平均随访(12±6)个月,随访期间LAcbes组5例(5/99,5.05%)、LAmbre组1例(1/130,0.77%)发生延迟性心脏压塞,LAcbes组发生脑梗死、短暂性缺血发作各1例,LAmbre组发生脑梗死2例、脑出血1例、死于心力衰竭1例,2组差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论 盘式封堵器LAmbre与LAcbes封堵左心耳治疗AF的效果及安全性均相当。     

左心耳封堵术后影响封堵器不完全内皮化的危险因素

目的 分析心房颤动（AF）患者左心耳封堵（LAAO）术后封堵器不完全内皮化的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析53例接受LAAO（封堵装置均为Watchman）治疗的AF患者。于术后3个月以双源CT评估封堵器是否完全内皮化;采用单因素及多因素logistic回归分析观察封堵器不完全内皮化的影响因素。结果 术后随访77~134天,中位随访时间100天。术后3个月,双源CT诊断不完全内皮化32例（不完全组）、完全内皮化21例（完全组）;组间左心室射血分数（LVEF）和二尖瓣反流（MR）差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）,性别、年龄、AF类型等指标差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。以LVEF和MR为自变量、完全内皮化与否为因变量行logistic回归分析,结果显示LVEF和MR均为封堵器不完全内皮化的独立影响因素（P均<0.05）。结论 二尖瓣轻度及以上反流及低射血分数可在一定程度上影响LAAO治疗AF术后封堵器内皮化,导致封堵器延迟内皮化或内皮化不完全。     

18F-FDG PET/CT评价初诊T细胞淋巴瘤代谢活性与免疫表型的相关性

目的观察初诊T细胞淋巴瘤~(18)F-FDG代谢活性与淋巴瘤免疫表型的关系。方法回顾性分析64例初诊T细胞淋巴瘤患者,均于治疗前接受~(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查且经病理学确诊。测量活检部位PET/CT最大标准摄取值(SUV_(max)),分析其与免疫表型之间的相关性。结果 64例活检部位SUV_(max)为2.23～24.42,中位SUV_(max)为8.02,与Ki-67、CD5表达呈正相关(r_s=0.31、P=0.02,r_s=0.81、P0.01),而与其他免疫学指标均无相关性(P均0.05)。结论 T细胞淋巴瘤代谢活性与Ki-67和CD5表达呈正相关;~(18)F-FDG PET/CT可作为无创评估Ki-67和CD5免疫表达的影像学手段。     

The Effect of Minimally Invasive Thoracoscopic Left Atrial Appendage Excision on Cardiac Dynamic and Endocrine Function

Purpose: Left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation is an effective surgical treatment for decreasing thromboembolic risk. We sought to evaluate the short-term effect of minimally invasive surgery with LAA excision on left atrial dynamic and endocrine function in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.Methods: A total of 52 patients with paroxysmal AF undergoing minimally invasive surgery with LAA excision in Anzhen Hospital from October 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in the study. The natriuretic peptide plasma level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and left atrial dynamic function was measured preprocedure by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography and postprocedure after 7 days and 3 months.Results: With the exception of six recurrences, 88.5% (46/52) of the patients were prospectively followed over 3 months in terms of their sinus rhythm postprocedure. No severe operative complications or embolism events occurred within those 3 months. Echocardiography showed a 3–6% decrease in left atrial volume postprocedure, and dynamic function was largely restored by 3 months. There was no significant change in natriuretic peptide levels, although a slight decrease was detected 7 days postprocedure, which gradually recovered by 3 months (P = 0.350).Conclusions: There are no significant differences in left atrial dynamics and natriuretic peptide secretion in AF patients after minimally invasive surgery with LAA excision.     

淋巴瘤PET/CT最大标准摄取值与临床分期、病理分型及Ki-67表达相关性

目的探讨淋巴瘤18F-FDG PET/CT中最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)与临床分期、病理分型及Ki-67表达的相关性。方法回顾性分析135例经病理证实、18F-FDG PET/CT和Ki-67免疫组化资料完整的淋巴瘤患者,分析SUVmax与临床分期和Ki-67表达的相关性,比较不同病理分型淋巴瘤SUVmax差异,绘制ROC曲线,获得SUVmax诊断侵袭性淋巴瘤的界值。结果 SUVmax与淋巴瘤临床分期无相关(r=0.04,P=0.544)。霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤SUVmax分别为11.53±5.58和11.84±6.82(Z=-0.256,P=0.798);侵袭性淋巴瘤SUVmax(13.02±6.53)高于惰性淋巴瘤(6.81±5.71,Z=-4.226,P0.001);以SUVmax=8.4为预测侵袭性淋巴瘤的界值,其灵敏度和特异度分别为75.5%和77.3%。早期和晚期淋巴瘤SUVmax与Ki-67指数均呈正相关(r=0.44,P0.001;r=0.43,P=0.002)。结论淋巴瘤18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax与临床分期不相关,与Ki-67表达呈正相关,可预测侵袭性淋巴瘤。     

Box lesion or bi-atrial lesion set for atrial fibrillation during thoracoscopic epicardial ablation

 Open in a separate windowOBJECTIVESThoracoscopic epicardial ablation with a limited lesion set led to suboptimal results for advanced paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) or persistent AF. Whether additional right atrial lesions improve the result is unclear.METHODSWe conducted a retrospective study involving 80 consecutive patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF, left atrial (LA) dilation (LA diameter >40 mm) and failed prior interventional ablation (40 patients, 50%) who underwent thoracoscopic epicardial ablation with box lesions (36 patients) or bi-atrial (BA) lesion (44 patients) in our institution. Freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias after the procedures was compared between the box lesion group and BA lesion group.RESULTSBaseline differences included more patients with persistent AF (86.4% vs 47.2%) and larger left atrium [48.00 (44.00–50.75) vs 42.00 (41.25–44.00) mm] in the BA lesion group. There was no difference in procedural complications between the 2 groups. After a mean follow-up of 32 months, the freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias off antiarrhythmic drugs at 6, 12 and 24 months was 77.2%, 77.2% and 77.2% in the BA lesion group and 69.4%, 50.0% and 40.6% in the box lesion group, respectively (P = 0.006). After adjustment for sex, age, body mass index, LA diameter, AF type, history of AF, and previous interventional ablation, BA lesion was an independent predictor of lower atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence (hazard ratio 0.447, 95% confidential interval 0.208–0.963; P = 0.040).CONCLUSIONSCompared with the box lesion set, thoracoscopic epicardial ablation with BA lesion sets might provide better freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias for paroxysmal or persistent AF with LA dilation. Randomized control trials are warranted to confirm the benefit of BA lesion sets in these patients.