No-touch技术提高静脉桥血管通畅率机制的研究进展

冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）是治疗冠心病的主要手段之一,大隐静脉是CABG中最常使用的桥血管。但是在临床中大隐静脉的远期通畅率却不尽人意,超过50%的大隐静脉在移植后10年内闭塞。提高大隐静脉通畅率成为临床上亟待解决的问题。一种新型的“No-Touch”技术被报道可以大大提高大隐静脉的远期通畅率——在获取大隐静脉时保留外膜以及血管外周组织,减少器械对静脉的接触,避免高压扩张。尽管目前已有多项“No-Touch”技术的临床试验在进行之中,但No-Touch技术提高大隐静脉通畅率的机制还不十分清楚。     

No-touch大隐静脉技术应用于冠脉旁路移植术中疗效的Meta分析

目的 通过Meta分析的方法评价No-touch大隐静脉技术与传统技术行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的疗效差异.方法 计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(WanFang Data)、维普(VIP)、PubMed、Cochrane Library临床试验注册数据库、E...     

No-touch与EVH获取大隐静脉桥血管的近中期临床结果分析

目的 比较no-touch和内窥镜获取（endoscopic vein harvesting, EVH）两种不同的大隐静脉移植物获取方式对冠状动脉旁路移植术（coronary artery bypass grafting, CABG）术后早期临床效果及近中期移植物通畅率的影响。 方法 回顾性分析西安交通大学第一附属医院心血管外科2018年7月至2019年12月行CABG患者151例,其中no-touch技术组获取大隐静脉56例;EVH组获取大隐静脉95例。所有患者采取胸骨正中切口入路,非体外或体外循环辅助下完成搭桥手术。统计两组间平均桥血管远端吻合口数量、左乳内动脉吻合口数量及静脉桥远端吻合数量的差异;分析比较两组术后死亡及早期并发症发生情况以及术后切口并发症如血肿、脂肪液化等差异。患者出院前及术后1年行冠脉动脉CT血管成像检查（CTA）以评估移植血管桥近中期的通畅情况。 结果 No-touch和EVH两组在年龄、性别构成、危险因素、术前诊断类型等方面均无统计学差异。术中两组左乳内动脉吻合口数量及静脉桥远端吻合数量等差异均无统计学意义。两组均无手术死亡。在术后早期并发症方面无显著性差异;但在下肢切口并发症中水肿、切口处麻木、疼痛在no-touch组中尤为显著（P<0.05）。术后冠脉CTA复查提示,术后早期桥血管总体通畅率、两组间左乳内动脉及大隐静脉桥血管通畅率均无差异。术后1年总体桥血管通畅率no-touch组要优于EVH组（P<0.05）,其中左乳内动脉通畅率无差异,大隐静脉桥血管no-touch组通畅率要明显高于EVH组（P<0.05）。 结论 No-touch技术获取静脉桥血管对于CABG患者的近、中期临床效果满意,且中期桥血管通畅率要优于EVH组。该技术可行、安全、有效,值得在CABG中进一步推广。     

内镜取大隐静脉与不接触技术应用于冠状动脉旁路移植术近期效果对比

目的:比较内镜取大隐静脉与不接触技术应用于冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)近期效果.方法:选取2017年6月-2020年5月因冠心病在我院行CABG的患者77例,按照手术方式分为内镜组(46例)与不接触组(31例).比较分析两组患者的围手术期资料等情况.结果:内镜组术后切口疼痛、麻木等并发症发生率明显小于不接触组,差异有...     

CABG术后大隐静脉桥血管的PCI术相关问题

大隐静脉桥（SVG）病变是冠状动脉旁路移植（CABG）术后患者心绞痛复发的主要原因,经皮介入治疗（PCI）是治疗SVG的常用方法.SVG病变往往为较大、松软、易碎的斑块,内含大量坏死组织、胆固醇结晶、泡沫细胞以及血细胞成分,因此PCI面临的包括术中远段血管栓塞等并发症高、术后再狭窄率高以及临床MACE发生率高等问题.早期的SVG介入治疗经验主要参考了自体冠脉的PCI,如球囊预扩张后植入支架、高压释放支架、使用GPⅡb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂等,但是近年的循证医学研究主张对于SVG行PCI应采用直接支架术及小直径支架低压释放,术中采用远端保护装置等.     

不接触获取大隐静脉技术应用于非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的早期临床效果

目的:评价不接触获取大隐静脉技术与常规开放方式应用于冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)早期的临床效果.方法:回顾性分析华中阜外医院2018年2月—2020年6月应用不接触技术(NT组)或常规开放方式(CV组)同期行CABG的83例患者的临床资料,评价两种获取大隐静脉技术术后3个月的临床效果.结果:NT组41 例,男38例(...     

大隐静脉和上臂头静脉移植对70岁以上病人心肌血管重建作用的比较

目的　冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗缺血性心脏病一种常规方法 ,但是由于所采用的移植血管不同 ,导致治疗的效果也不尽相同。目前治疗常用的血管为大隐静脉 +乳内动脉为标准手术术式。然而诸多原因限制 ,有时大隐静脉不适合作为移植材料。本研究对大隐静脉与上臂头静脉作为移植材料进行比较。方法　接受乳内动脉和大隐静脉旁路移植术组 35例 ,平均年龄 77岁 ,接受乳内动脉 +上臂头静脉旁路移植术组 15例 ,平均年龄 75岁 ,二组之间 ,体重 ,心肌梗死病史 ,心功能 ,平均每例冠状动脉病变以及平均移植血管数没有明显差别。结果　乳内动脉和大隐静脉旁路移植术组和乳内动脉 +上臂头静脉旁路移植术组之间 ,乳内动脉的五年累计通畅率分别为 96 %和94 % ,二组之间没有显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,大隐静脉的通畅率为 70 % ,上臂头静脉为 4 8% ,二组之间差异性不明显 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　通过两组间的 5年累计通畅率的比较 ,我们认为在高龄病人上臂头静脉作为移植血管效果差 ,术后通畅率低 ,但可以作为移植血管的最后选择。     

间断小切口取大隐静脉在冠脉旁路移植手术中的应用

大隐静脉是冠状动脉旁路移植手术中重要的移植血管,但取大隐静脉需行下肢切口,可能出现并发症,增加患者痛苦且影响下肢美观.本组研究对比间断小切口与长切口取大隐静脉方法的优缺点,现报告如下.     

CABG术后大隐静脉桥血管的PCI术相关问题

大隐静脉桥(SVG)病变是冠状动脉旁路移植(CABG)术后患者心绞痛复发的主要原因,经皮介入治疗(PCI)是治疗SVG的常用方法.SVG病变往往为较大、松软、易碎的斑块,内含大量坏死组织、胆固醇结晶、泡沫细胞以及血细胞成分,因此PCI面临的包括术中远段血管栓塞等并发症高、术后再狭窄率高以及临床MACE发生率高等问题.早期的SVG介入治疗经验主要参考了自体冠脉的PCI,如球囊预扩张后植入支架、高压释放支架、使用GPⅡb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂等,但是近年的循证医学研究主张对于SVG行PCI应采用直接支架术及小直径支架低压释放,术中采用远端保护装置等.     

高龄CABG患者常规切开与内窥镜法采集大隐静脉下肢并发症的对比研究

【】 目的 对比高龄冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者常规切开与内窥镜法采集大隐静脉下肢并发症的发生情况,评价内窥镜下采集大隐静脉用于高龄CABG患者的临床效果。方法 选取2014年06月至2015年12月于我院行冠状动脉旁路移植术高龄患者196 例,分为内窥镜静脉采集组(EVH 组,98 例)和常规切开静脉采集组(CVH 组,98例),比较两种静脉采集方法的术后下肢并发症的情况。 结果 与CVH组相比,EVH组在切口长度、术后疼痛评分、术后并发症和住院时间均小于CVH组,两组差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组采集的大隐静脉质量、总手术时间及住院费用等方面差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 应用内窥镜采集大隐静脉能够明显降低高龄患者冠状动脉旁路移植术后下肢并发症的发生率,早期效果满意。内窥镜采集大隐静作为一种微创取血管的方法,对于高龄冠状动脉旁路移植术患者是安全的和值得推荐的。     

Femoral-popliteal by-pass by an internal saphenous vein graft

Obstruction of the superficial femoral vein is, most of the time, secondary to atheroma. It is possible to correct it with a reconstructive procedure such as a by-pass. The results of 55 femoro-popliteal by-passes show that the mean age of the patients is between 50 and 60 years, that they are male, and often inveterate smokers. It is Fontaine's 2nd degree ischemia which is observed most of the time. The greater saphenous vein was always satisfactorily used. Three years after the procedure, the results of this venous autograft were studied and we noticed only four obstructions of the graft. These results seem related to higher fibrinogen levels, a defective heart condition, an insufficient diameter of the arteries receiving the graft. Only one leg amputation was performed at the level of the knee.     

Platelet distribution width and saphenous vein disease in patients after CABG

Objective

Platelets are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The inflammatory process in atherosclerosis may cause an increase in red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet distribution width (PDW) values. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate whether PDW and RDW are associated with the patency of saphenous vein graft in patients at least 1 year after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods

Patients who had undergone CABG surgery at least 1 year previously with at least one saphenous vein graft were included in the study population. Patients were referred to cardiac catheterization for stable anginal symptoms or positive stress test results. Before coronary angiography, all patients referred had routine blood tests including RDW and PDW values.

Results

Saphenous vein grafts were found to be patent in 69 patients and occluded in 40 patients. Although RDW levels were similar between patients with patent and occluded grafts (13.1?±?1.1% and 13.2?±?0.7% respectively, p?=?0.37), PDW levels were significantly different between the two groups (13.1?±?1.3% and 14.1?±?1.1 respectively, p?=?0.03). Although time after CABG operation differs significantly between the two groups (p?<?0.001), multiple logistic regression analyses showed that PDW levels were found to be significantly associated with the patency of vein graft (β?=?1.682, 95% CI 1.117–2.532, p?=?0.013).

Conclusion

Our results showed that PDW levels were higher in patients with an occluded saphenous vein graft. However no association was found between the saphenous vein graft disease and RDW values. To verify this relationship between PDW values and saphenous vein graft patency, further investigations are needed.     

Distal filter protection during saphenous vein graft stenting: technical and clinical correlates of efficacy

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, angiographic, and technical factors related to successful stenting of diseased saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) using a novel filter-based distal protection device. BACKGROUND: Protection of the distal microvasculature with a balloon occlusion and aspiration system has been shown to reduce atherothrombotic embolization and peri-procedural myocardial infarction (MI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in SVGs. The safety, efficacy, and technical factors relating to procedural success with filter-based distal protection devices are unknown. METHODS: Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 60 lesions in 48 patients undergoing SVG intervention with the FilterWire EX distal protection system in a phase I experience at six sites. A larger phase II study was then performed in 248 lesions in 230 SVGs at 65 U.S. centers. RESULTS: Cumulative adverse events to 30 days occurred in 21.3% of patients in phase I, including a 19.1% rate of MI. Numerous anatomic, device-specific, and operator-related contributors to these adverse events were identified, resulting in significant changes to the protocol and instructions for use. Subsequently, despite similar clinical and angiographic characteristics to the phase I patients, the 30-day adverse event rate in phase II was reduced to 11.3% (p = 0.09), due primarily to a lower incidence of peri-procedural Q-wave and non-Q-wave MI. CONCLUSIONS: Distal protection during SVG PCI with the FilterWire EX is associated with a low rate of peri-procedural adverse events compared to historical controls. A unique set of anatomic, technical, and operator-related issues exist with distal filters which, if ignored, may reduce their effectiveness.     

Thrombolysis in an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft

Selective intracoronary infusion of streptokinase during the acute phase of myocar-dial infarction may reduce myocardial necrosis. Thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction has been primarily applied to the native coronary circulation. We are reporting successful thrombolysis in an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft 39 months after bypass surgery. Thrombosis may have developed as a complication of catheterization, and streptokinase may also prove useful in the reversal of thrombosis in this setting.