醋炔诺酮肟及醋炔诺酮在兔体内的药代动力学研究

本文应用[~3H)标记化合物。采用高效液相(HPLC)反相色谱及放射检测技术,研究了醋炔诺酮肟(NETO-AC),醋炔诺酮(NET-AC)经口给药后在兔体内的药代动力学过程。实验结果表明,NETO-AC和NET-AC在兔体内迅速吸收并水解,原型药NETO-AC和含乙酰基的代谢产物NET-AC的血浓甚低,而不含乙酰基的代谢产物炔诺酮肟(NETO)和炔诺酮(NET)的血浓较高,后二者是NETO-AC在兔体内发挥药理作用的主要形式,其体内处置方式符合口服二室模型。     

－阶导数光谱法测定复方甲基炔诺酮片中甲基炔诺酮的含量

－阶导数光谱法测定复方甲基炔诺酮片中甲基炔诺酮的含量李荣生（全国计划生育药具质量南京监测中心，南京２１０００９）关键词甲基炔诺酮；含量测定；一阶导数法复方甲基炔诺酮片是一种常用的口服避孕药，主要成分是十八甲基炔诺酮（０．３０ｍｇ）和炔雌醇（０．０３ｍ...     

－阶导数光谱法测定复方甲基炔诺酮片中甲基炔诺酮的含量

－阶导数光谱法测定复方甲基炔诺酮片中甲基炔诺酮的含量李荣生（全国计划生育药具质量南京监测中心,南京２１０００９）关键词甲基炔诺酮;含量测定;一阶导数法复方甲基炔诺酮片是一种常用的口服避孕药,主要成分是十八甲基炔诺酮（０．３０ｍｇ）和炔雌醇（０．０３ｍ...     

炔诺酮肟与炔诺酮抗着床作用的比较及其对卵巢孕酮分泌的影响

本文比较了炔诺酮肟与炔诺酮对大鼠,金地鼠及家兔3种动物的抗着床作用,用放射免疫法测定了两药引起大鼠卵巢静脉血中孕酮含量的变化。结果显示:随动物种属不同,炔诺酮肟的抗着床作用比母体炔诺酮强2～10倍。最小100％抗着床剂量的炔诺酮肟能抑制大鼠卵巢分泌孕酮,其作用比同等剂量的炔诺酮明显增强。提示炔诺酮A环三位酮基肟化能提高炔诺酮的抗着床作用,并增强其对卵巢孕酮生物合成的抑制。     

碳酸锂与复方炔诺酮预防周期性精神病复发的对照研究

目的:评价碳酸锂和复方炔诺酮维持治疗周期性精神病的疗效和不良反应.方法:68例符合中国精神障碍分类方案与诊断标准第三版(CCMD-3)关于周期性精神病诊断标准的间歇期女性患者,随机分为两组,分别给予碳酸锂与复方炔诺酮维持治疗,随访2年,观察疗效、不良反应及依从性等方面的情况,进行对比.结果:碳酸锂组有7例(20.6%)复发,复方炔诺酮组有9例(26.5%)复发(P>0.05).碳酸锂组不良反应明显少于复方炔诺酮组,碳酸锂组有6例(17.6%)自行停药,复方炔诺酮组有15例(44.1%)自行停药(P<0.01).结论:碳酸锂用于周期性精神病的维持治疗与复方炔诺酮相比疗效相当、不良反应少、药依从性好,值得在临床上推广使用.     

正交函数分光光度法测定复方甲基炔诺酮片中有效成分的含量

本文用正交函数分光光度法消除甲基炔诺酮和炔雌醇及辅料紫外吸收光谱的相互干扰,从而分别测得了复方甲基炔诺酮片两成分的含量。炔雌醇的回收率为101.4±0.7％,甲基炔诺酮的回收率为99.60±1.75％。     

放射免疫法测定兔血浆18甲基炔诺酮

用自制的18甲基炔诺酮-3-羧甲基肟-牛血清白蛋白(Ng-3-CMO-BSA)免疫新西兰兔,首次免疫后8个月抗体滴度为1:5000,抗体与18甲基炔诺酮(Ng)的亲和常数(K_A)为7:84×10~9(mol/L)~(-1)。灵敏度为12.5Pg,回收率>90％,批内差异<9％,批间差异<17%。抗体除了与炔诺酮有20％的交叉反应外,与其他8种甾体激素的交叉反应均<0.1％。     

炔诺酮-聚天冬酰胺共价复合体合成

作者合成了分别以氨基乙醇、氯基丙醇、氨基丁醇作为间隔链的聚L-天冬酰胺,其特性粘度分别为8.41、8.58和7.59,分子量在1.2×10~4左右,聚L-天冬酰胺作为高聚物载体与炔诺酮以碳酸酯相连,得到药物-高聚物共价复合体,炔诺酮接入量分别为10.43%、11.59%和10.23%.     

碳酸锂与复方炔诺酮预防周期性精神病复发的对照研究

目的评价碳酸锂和复方炔诺酮维持治疗周期性精神病的疗效和不良反应.方法 68例符合中国精神障碍分类方案与诊断标准第三版(CCMD-3)关于周期性精神病诊断标准的间歇期女性患者,随机分为两组,分别给予碳酸锂与复方炔诺酮维持治疗,随访2年,观察疗效、副反应及依从性等方面的情况,进行对比.结果碳酸锂组有7例(20.6%)复发,复方炔诺酮组有9例(26.5%)复发(P>0.05).碳酸锂组副反应明显少于复方炔诺酮组,碳酸锂组有6例(17.6%)自行停药,复方炔诺酮组有15例(44.1%)自行停药(P<0.01).结论碳酸锂用于周期性精神病的维持治疗与复方炔诺酮相比疗效相当、不良反应少、药依从性好,值得在临床上推广使用.     

米非司酮和左炔诺酮用于紧急避孕效果观察

目的观察米非司酮和左炔诺酮用于紧急避孕的效果.方法202例患者按就诊时自愿选择药物随机分成两组,A组100例,口服米非司酮25 mg;B组102例,口服左炔诺酮0.75 mg,12 h后再服0.75mg.结果A组有1例失败,B组有2例失败,失败率分别为1%和1.96%.两组的副反应及对月经影响不大.结论米非司酮、左炔诺酮均可作为妇女在无保护性交后提供有效的补救措施.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.