急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者行急诊冠状动脉介入治疗术中无复流影响因素分析

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高心肌梗死（ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI）患者行急诊冠状动脉介入术（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）中发生无复流的影响因素。方法 将2012年6月至2013年1月本院收治的行急诊PCI治疗的急性STEMI患者（n=92）,分为正常复流组（n=73）和无复流组（n=19）。通过比较两组的临床症状来分析无复流发生的相关影响因素。结果 急性STEMI患者行急诊PCI后无复流发生率为20.7%（19/92）,无复流组与正常复流组相比,两组之间入院时的收缩压（SBP）、2型糖尿病患病数、肌钙蛋白T峰值、发病到再灌注时间、球囊扩张次数和靶血管植入支架数量差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;经多因素logistic 回归分析显示入院SBP<100 mmHg （1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、合并2型糖尿病、球囊扩张次数、肌钙蛋白T峰值、右冠状动脉病变和发病至再灌注时间是急诊PCI术后无复流发生的危险因素。结论 急性STEMI患者行急诊PCI后无复流发生与入院SBP<100 mmHg、合并2型糖尿病、球囊扩张次数、肌钙蛋白T峰值、右冠状动脉病变及发病至再灌注时间这6种临床因素具有相关性。     

经桡动脉用无鞘指引导管对冠状动脉病变介入治疗的价值

目的 观察经桡动脉用无鞘导管对冠状动脉病变介入治疗的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2013年12月至2015年12月滁州市第一医院60例接受无鞘指引导管介入治疗的冠状动脉病变患者临床资料、影像资料、恢复状况以及术后并发症,了解无鞘指引导管的通过性和支撑性。结果 60例患者中单支血管病变28例,双支病变8例,慢性完全闭塞病变7例,迂曲合并钙化病变9例,分叉病变8例（其中3例合并双支病变,4例合并迂曲钙化病例,1例合并慢性完全闭塞病变）,均使用无鞘指引导管介入治疗,全部通过桡动脉顺利到位,成功接受PCI治疗56例,失败4例。结论 经桡动脉使用无鞘指引导管对冠状动脉病变介入治疗具有良好的通过性、强支撑力、导管腔大,能够完成绝大部分冠状动脉病变的治疗。     

老年单纯冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变严重程度及特点分析

目的 探讨冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉严重程度。方法 冠心病患者238例,其中合并糖尿病患者119例（观察组）,未合并糖尿病患者119例（对照组）,比较两组一般临床资料、实验室检查结果、冠状动脉造影结果的差异。结果 两组患者一般临床资料、血脂水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组患者冠状动脉3支病变发生率高于对照组（P=0.000）;两组冠状动脉两支/左主干病变发生率比例比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;冠状动脉单支病变发生率观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组患者左前降支、左回旋支及右冠状动脉狭窄比例较对照组更高（（P<0.05）;两组患者冠状动脉病变支数间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,观察组反映病变严重程度的Gensini积分更高（P=0.000）。结论 冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠脉病变更严重。     

老年左主干病变患者介入治疗预后及影响因素

目的 探讨老年无保护左主干（ULMCA）病变患者介入治疗预后及不良事件危险因素。方法 入选单中心年龄≥60岁行PCI治疗的ULMCA病变患者,收集基线资料并随访。记录随访中发生的主要不良心脑血管事件（MACCE）,绘制Kapaln-Meier曲线,并采用Cox回归法分析不良预后的影响因素。结果 共182例完成随访,中位随访时间21.5（13,36.5）个月,无MACCE中位生存时间为66个月。共发生MACCE43例（23.63%）,其中死亡12例（6.59%）、非致死性心肌梗死1例（0.55%）、非致死性脑血管意外1例（0.55%）、靶血管血运重建29例（15.93%）,72.09%的MACCE发生在术后2年内。多因素校正的Cox回归分析显示：左主干支架直径（HR=0.37,95% CI：0.17~0.82,P=0.014）、分叉部病变（HR=1.92,95% CI：1.01~3.62,P=0.045）、吸烟指数>1000年支（HR=3.78,95% CI：1.29~11.05,P=0.015）是MACCE的独立危险因素;EuroSCORE Ⅱ≥2%（HR=3.96,95% CI：1.15~13.61,P=0.029）是全因死亡的独立危险因素。结论 老年ULMCA病变患者PCI术后总体预后良好,但术后2年内需特别警惕MACCE发生。左主干支架直径较小、左主干分叉部受累、吸烟指数>1000年支、EuroSCORE Ⅱ≥2%者预后较差。     

老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接PCI疗效分析

目的 探讨老年冠心病急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）临床疗效及影响预后因素分析。方法 选取2012年6月至2015年4月阜阳市人民医院急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死接受急诊直接PCI患者148例,按年龄分为老年组和对照组。比较两组患者高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、体质量指数、吸烟等临床危险因素;冠脉造影结果、就诊至球囊扩张（door-to-balloon）时间和PCI后ST段回落指数（STRI）等手术操作相关因素以及6个月内的主要不良心血管事件（MACE）发生情况。结果 老年组患者糖尿病、高血压病比例高于对照组（P < 0.05）;血脂水平、体质量指数、吸烟和家族史两组差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;老年组患者冠脉造影多支病变、钙化病变比例高于对照组（P < 0.05）;PCI后获得TIMI血流3级比例无明显差别（P > 0.05）,而STRI老年组低于对照组（P < 0.05）;6个月随访MACE发生率老年组高于对照组,logistic逐步回归分析显示,年龄、door-to-balloon时间和STRI是ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接PCI不良心血管事件的独立危险因素。结论 老年ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接PCI合并多种临床危险因素,病变血管复杂,心肌微循环灌注率低,远期有更高的不良心血管事件。     

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2水平与冠状动脉疾病严重程度相关性

目的 探讨国人血浆脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A₂（LP-PLA₂）活性与冠状动脉疾病（coronary heart disease,CAD）的严重程度相关性。方法 对176例疑似有CAD的患者进行冠状动脉造影,观察冠状动脉狭窄程度。根据冠状动脉狭窄的支数,分为对照组（病变支数为0）、单支病变组、多支病变组（病变支数为2支及以上）;根据临床表现、心电图结果、心肌标志物和冠状动脉造影的结果,患者分为对照组（排除CAD）、稳定型心绞痛、不稳定型心绞痛以及急性心肌梗死组,用统计学方法比较各组之间LP-PLA₂水平的不同。结果 LP-PLA₂的活性随着冠状动脉病变支数增加而增加;急性心肌梗死组和不稳定型心绞痛组LP-PLA₂活性显著高于对照组和稳定型心绞痛组。结论 血浆LP-PLA₂水平与冠状动脉疾病的严重程度呈正相关。     

PCI术中冠状动脉内注射重组人尿激酶原对STEMI患者高血栓负荷的影响

目的 评估经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）时,冠状动脉内注射重组人尿激酶原（rh-pro UK）对ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者高血栓负荷的影响。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年1月于六安市人民医院行PCI的88例高血栓负荷STEMI患者的临床资料。根据患者PCI术中冠脉内用药的不同,将冠状动脉内注射替罗非班的43例患者作为对照组,冠状动脉内联合注射替罗非班和rh-pro UK的45例患者作为观察组。比较两组患者TIMI血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注分级（TMPG）、ST段回落百分比（STR）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、住院期间出血及主要不良心血管事件（MACE）发生情况。结果 观察组患者TMPG 3级的比例为97.78%、STR>70%的比例为26.67%,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组患者术后1个月LVEF、LVEDD改善,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组患者TIMI分级、住院期间出血及MACE发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 冠状动脉内注射rh-pro UK可更好地改善STEMI心肌灌注水平及左心室功能,同时不增加住院期间出血及MACE发生率。     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变特征分析

目的 探讨冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变特征。方法 入选笔者医院2012年6月~2014年2月经冠状动脉造影诊断为冠心病的患者213例, 根据是否合并2型糖尿病分为2型糖尿病组、非糖尿病组。统计患者入院基本临床资料, 所有患者均检测空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C), 根据冠状动脉狭窄直径≥50%累及左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCX)、右冠状动脉(RCA)或左主干(LM)分为单支、双支(累及左主干为双支病变)及3支病变组。计量资料采用均数±标准差(x ±s)表示, 组间比较采用两独立样本t检验, 计数资料采用率表示, 组间比较用χ²检验。结果 冠心病合并2型糖尿病组患者空腹血糖(FPG)比非糖尿病组明显升高(8.45±0.40mmol/L vs 5.61±0.13mmol/L, P<0.001), 冠状动脉3支病变发生率更高(50.00% vs 8.94%, P<0.001), 单支病变、两支/左主干病变发生率低于非糖尿病组(24.4% vs 48.8%, P<0.001;25.6% vs 42.3%, P<0.001), 冠状动脉病变部位更多累及前降支(92.2% vs 82.1%, P=0.034)、左回旋支(68.9% vs 39.8%, P<0.001)、右冠状动脉(64.4% vs 39.0%, P<0.001), 冠状动脉左主干病变并无统计学意义(7.8% vs 2.4%, P=0.100)。结论 冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变更为广泛、严重, 具有更高的致死风险。     

术前白细胞计数与隐静脉移植物经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后主要不良心血管事件

冠心病（CAD）患者，包括自体冠状动脉接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的患者，白细胞水平升高与不良预后相关。然而，尚未在隐静脉移植物病变接受PCI的患者中研究这一关系。1997年5月至2002年7月间接受隐静脉移植物PCI的共530例患者，接受随访〉3年。主要不良心血管事件（MACE）为随访中（平均2．7年）死亡、心肌梗死或血运重建的联合事件。与无MACE组患者（n=243）相比，MACE组患者（n=287）更为年轻，发生血栓及切口病变较多。     

吸烟的冠状动脉三支病变患者药物洗脱支架置入术与冠状动脉搭桥术2年疗效比较

 目的评价吸烟的冠状动脉三支病变患者药物洗脱支架置入术（DES-PCI）与冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）2 年的临床疗效。方法连续入选2006 年7 月至2008 年4 月间进行血运重建治疗的206 例吸烟的三支病变患者，分为PCI组（108 例）和CABG组（98 例），观察术后2 年2 组患者主要不良心脑血管事件（MACCE）发生率及全因死亡率的差异。结果PCI 组与CABG组2 年MACCE 发生率差异无统计学意义（18.5%：12.2%， P>0.05），PCI 组再次血运重建率高于CABG 组，差异有统计学意义（9.3%：2.0%， P<0.05）。2 组全因死亡率差异无统计学意义（5.6%：8.2%， P>0.05），其中年龄与左室射血分数是影响预后的（ P<0.05）。结论吸烟的三支病变患者行DES鄄PCI 进行血运重建治疗与行CABG治疗在2 年内疗效相当，年龄与左室射血分数为影响预后的因素。     

65例男性干燥综合征患者的临床特点分析

目的 总结男性原发性干燥综合征（pSS）临床发病特点及系统受累情况,提高对男性pSS的关注。方法 病史采集,收集患者临床资料,分析男性pSS疾病特点。结果 935例pSS中男性65例、女性870例,男、女性别比例为0.7：10。男性确诊经历时间中位数为10个月,平均病程中位数为36个月,均较女性时间短（P<0.05）。65例男性患者Schirmer试验异常率12.3%,低于女性异常率50.6%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。依据唇腺活检病理结果阳性而确诊的男性占40%,女性占25.4%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。男性发生淋巴结肿大者占16.9%,女性占5.2%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;54.48%女性、36.92%男性发生系统受累;3%的男性出现1个系统以上的多系统受累,女性发生率为10.8%,两方面比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。血液系统损害患者中,105例（12.1%）女性出现血小板计数减少,65例男性均未发生血小板计数减小,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。其他常见系统损害发生率与女性比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 男性pSS发病比例明显低于女性,口干眼干程度较女性轻,确诊困难;发生消化、呼吸、泌尿和神经系统受累比例与女性比较,差异无统计学意义,临床需关注。     

Effect of a low dose of empagliflozin on short-term outcomes in type 2 diabetics with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention

Objectives:To study the effects of low dose of empagliflozin on improving outcomes in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:This double-blind controlled clinical trial was carried out on 93 diabetic patients (56 males and 37 females, mean age of 56.55 years) with ACS who underwent PCI at 2 university teaching hospitals in 2020, Ahvaz, Iran. The patients were randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin (10 mg once daily) or placebo at similar doses for 6 months after PCI. In addition, to standard treatments with another hypoglycemic agent. Cardiovascular outcomes (including all-cause mortality, coronary revascularization, rehospitalization due to unstable angina, hospitalization due to heart failure, cardiovascular death, non-fetal myocardial infarction, and non-fetal stroke) were evaluated during period of 6 months follow-up after the empagliflozin treatment.Results:There was no significant difference between the low dose empagliflozin and placebo groups after treatment in terms of cardiovascular mortality (2.2% versus [vs.] 4.2%; p=0.598), rehospitalization due to unstable angina (4.5% vs. 8.7%; p=0.433), and coronary revascularization (2.2% vs. 0%; p=0.312).Conclusion:The results of this study showed that adding low dose empagliflozin to standard care of ACS diabetic patients after PCI was associated with no significant reduction in negative cardiovascular outcomes during 6 months.     

Short- and Long-term Outcomes in Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background:

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Risk factors and clinical characteristics in these patients are not equivalent to those in traditional CAD patients. The objective of this study was to report short- and long-term clinical outcomes in a consecutive series of patients with CTD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation.

Methods:

The study group comprised 106 consecutive patients with CTD who underwent PCI in Beijing Friendship Hospital between January 2009 and June 2012. Medical records were analyzed retrospectively including clinical basic material, coronary angiogram data, and the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during the short- and long-term (median 3 years) follow-up.

Results:

Ninety-two of the patients (86.8%) had one or more traditional CAD risk factors. Multivessel disease was present in more than 2/3 of patients (73.6%). The left anterior descending coronary artery was the most commonly affected vessel (65.1%). Five bare-metal stents and 202 drug-eluting stents were implanted. After a median follow-up period of 36 months, thirteen patients (12.3%) died from cardiac causes, the rate of stent thrombosis was 9.4%, and the rate of target vessel revascularization (TVR) was 14.2%. Multivariate analysis revealed that hypertension (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30–7.24, P = 0.041), anterior myocardial infarction (HR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.06–7.03, P = 0.04), longer duration of steroid treatment (HR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.43–9.08, P = 0.032), and C-reactive protein level >10 mg/L (HR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.19–12.56, P = 0.036) were independent predictors of MACEs.

Conclusions:

Patients with CTD and CAD may have severe coronary lesions. PCI in these patients tends to result in an increased rate of stent thrombosis and TVR during long-term follow-up, which may be influenced by traditional and nontraditional risk factors.     

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention on older patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: analysis of its risk factors

Objective： The aim of the present study was to assess the early clinical outcome and risk factors in old patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） following primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods： A total of 136 patients older than 60 years with STEMI who received successful PCI were included in this study. The patients were classified in 2 age groups： patients 〉75 years and 〈75 years of age. The extent of coronary artery lesions was measured by quantitative coronary artery angiography （QCA）. Subjects were tracked for subsequent cardiovascular events： cardiac death, myocardial infarction, heart failure, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass and stroke. Results： Though the older group had a higher prevalence of adverse baseline characteristics and lower final TIMI flow than patients〈75y （P〈0.05）, the procedural success did not make difference between the two groups. In 12 months follow-up of 136 study participants, there occurred 39 CV events ： cardiac death （five patients）, heart failure （nineteen patients）, and stroke （six patients）. Three patients received coronary bypass grafts and six patients underwent PCI. Heart failure and overall cardiovascular event rates were higher in older patients compared with those in patients〈75y. The main adverse clinical events （MACE） for the old group were a little higher comparing with the younger in 12-month follow-up （P=-0.029 6 and P=-0.043 4）. Multivariate cox analysis identified that a diagnosis of diabetes （HR 2.495, 95%CI 1.224 to 5.083, P= 0.011 8） and time from symptom（HR 1.450, 95%CI 1.143 to 1.841, P= 0.008 2） to PCI as independent predictors of CV events after adjustment of all entered baseline variables. Conclusion： Our study suggests that drug-eluting stent implantation in older patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction has high initial procedural success rates despite having more severe baseline risk characteristics, and to shorten the time from symptom onset to PCI may decrease cardiovascular events in old patients following PCI.     

Patterns and determinants of treatment for coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Objectives:To determine the clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the patterns and determinants of CAD treatment in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study including 242 patients at 3 hospitals in KSA between June 2018 and June 2019. We included all patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with CAD on angiography. We carried out a multinomial logistic regression to ascertain the determinants of treatment patterns and treatment modalities. Covariates for this multivariate analysis were selected based on univariate regressions.Results:The study population had a mean ± standard deviation of 58.3 ± 11.8 years, and 66.1% were male. The most frequent cardiovascular risk factor was diabetes (58.7%). Lesions involving the left anterior descending were reported among 68.6%, left circumflex among 51.2%, and right coronary arteries (RCA) among 48.8% of our patients. The most common treatment was the best medical therapy (lifestyle modifications and medical management), prescribed to 69.8% of patients. Patients aged ≤60 years with the left main disease or disease of the ramus had a higher likelihood of undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Contrarily, patients with RCA lesions were more likely to undergo a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Conclusion:Patient age and anatomical localization of coronary atherosclerotic lesions were the main determinants of treatment with CABG or PCI.     

中青年冠心病患者危险因素及经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的临床分析

目的：探讨≤55岁中青年冠心病患者危险因素及经皮冠脉介入治疗（PC I）特点。方法：根据患者年龄分为中青年组（≤55岁,152例）和老年组（≥75岁,109例）,比较2组间发病的危险因素、PC I治疗特点及术后严重并发症情况,评价2组间PC I治疗疗效。结果：中青年组冠心病患者中男性、有阳性家族史、吸烟、高脂血症者明显多于老年组（P〈0.01）,老年组冠心病患者原发性高血压、糖尿病检出率高于中青年组（P〈0.01）。冠脉造影结果显示：中青年组患者以单支病变为主,且多为局限性狭窄,明显多于老年组（P〈0.01）;老年组患者三支血管病变、弥漫性狭窄病变、钙化病变明显多于中青年组（P〈0.01）;双支血管病变2组间无统计学意义。2组间支架置入情况相比,中青年患者右冠状动脉支架置入数少于老年组（P〈0.05）,差异有统计学意义。2组患者手术成功率及严重并发症（P〉0.05）差异无统计学意义。结论：吸烟、高脂血症、冠心病家族史是中青年冠心病发病的重要危险因素。中青年冠心病患者冠状动脉以单支血管病变居多,三支血管病变少见,弥漫性狭窄、钙化病变亦少见。中青年组冠心病患者右冠状动脉支架置入数少于老年组。     

Long-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention for in-stent chronic total occlusion

BackgroundThe development of the technique has improved the success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for in-stent chronic total occlusion (IS-CTO). However, long-term outcomes remain unclear. The present study sought to investigate long-term outcomes of PCI for IS-CTO.MethodsA total of 474 IS-CTO patients were enrolled at two cardiac centers from 2015 to 2018 retrospectively. These patients were allocated into either successful or failed IS-CTO PCI groups. The primary endpoint (major adverse cardiac events [MACE]) consisted of recurrent angina pectoris (RAP), target-vessel myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, cardiac death, or ischemia-driven target-vessel revascularization (TVR) at follow-up. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association between treatment appropriateness and clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 367 patients were successfully treated with IS-CTO PCI while 107 patients had failed recanalization. After a median follow-up of 30 months (interquartile range: 17–42 months), no significant difference was observed between the two groups for the following parameters: cardiac death (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 0.9% vs. 2.7%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.442; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21–9.887; P = 0.709), RAP (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 40.8% vs. 40.0%; adjusted HR: 1.025; 95% CI: 0.683–1.538; P = 0.905), heart failure (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 6.1% vs. 2.7%; adjusted HR: 0.281; 95% CI: 0.065–1.206; P = 0.088), target-vessel related MI (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 1.5% vs. 2.7%; adjusted HR: 1.150; 95% CI: 0.221–5.995; P = 0.868), MACE (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 44.2% vs. 45.3%; adjusted HR: 1.052; 95% CI: 0.717–1.543; P = 0.797). More patients were free of angina in the successful IS-CTO PCI group compared with failed PCI in the first (80.4% vs. 60%, P < 0.01) and second years (73.3% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.02) following up. Successful IS-CTO PCI had a lower incidence of MACE in the first and second years (20.2% vs. 40.0%, P < 0.01; 27.9% vs. 41.3%, P = 0.023) compared with failed PCI. After a median follow-up of 30 months, the reocclusion rate was 28.5% and TVR was 26.1% in the successful IS-CTO PCI group. Receiving >18 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was an independent predictor of decreased risk of TVR (HR: 2.682; 95% CI: 1.295–5.578; P = 0.008) or MACE (without TVR) (HR: 1.898; 95% CI: 1.036–3.479; P = 0.038) in successful IS-CTO PCI.ConclusionsAfter a median follow-up of 30 months, the successful IS-CTO PCI group had MACE similar to that of the failed PCI group. However, the successful IS-CTO PCI group had improved angina symptoms and were free from requiring coronary artery bypass grafting in the first or second years. To decrease MACE, DAPT was found to be essential and recommended for at least 18 months for IS-CTO PCI.     

PCI对女性冠心病的临床价值及术前服用β-受体阻滞剂的作用

目的  探讨女性冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的临床特点及PCI治疗前服用β-受体阻滞剂对患者的保护作用。方法  选择冠心病患者,男191例作为男性组,女75例作为女性组,均于PCI治疗前服用β-受体阻滞剂,同时收集拟行PCI的女性患者50例,术前及术后均未服用β-受体阻滞剂。所有患者均行PCI,并抽取肘静脉血测定肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)及肌钙蛋白T(TNT)。结果  与男性组比较,女性组的多支病变明显增高（P均＜0.05）,PCI术后出血事件、肾功能衰竭及死亡率等并发症均显著增加（P均＜0.05）。与服用β 受体阻滞剂女性组比较,未服用药物的患者PCI术前和术后E(P＜0.01)、NE(P＜0.05)均明显增高,术后CK-MB和TNT均显著增高(P均＜0.01);其心血管事件（MACE）、心绞痛、心律失常、出血事件的发生率和死亡率均显著升高。结论  女性患者冠心病病情及PCI术后较男性严重,提前服用β-受体阻滞剂具有保护作用。     

The use and clinical outcomes of rotablation in challenging cases in the drug-eluting stent era

BackgroundRotational atherectomy (RA) has been advocated in the bare metal stent (BMS) era but is underused now due to technique demands and nonsuperior outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the procedural and clinical outcomes of patients with very complex, severely calcified coronary lesions treated by RA and drug-eluting stents (DESs) in our current percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) practice in a region where RA use has been limited by lack of insurance reimbursement.MethodsFrom March 2004 to November 2010, all consecutive patients who required RA treatment for severely calcified de novo lesions of native coronary arteries followed by DES implantation were queried from the cath lab database and recruited. Their clinical and angiographic characteristics at the index PCI were analyzed and completed by a thorough review of the medical charts.ResultsA total of 67 consecutive patients with 71 very complex, heavily calcified coronary lesions treated with RA plus DES were recruited. Of these patients, 64% presented with acute coronary syndrome, 9.0% with cardiogenic shock, 43.3% with chronic renal failure, and 50.7% with diabetes. Multiple-vessel diseases were found in 92.5% of our patients, and the average coronary artery calcification (CAC) score was 3.6 ± 1.4. Of the coronary lesions, 26.7% were either balloon-uncrossable or balloon-undilatable. The angiographic success rate was 100% with one non-Q myocardial infarction. Five patients (7.5%) died in hospital, all initially presenting with extensive myocardial infarction and/or cardiogenic shock. The out-of-hospital major adverse cardiac event was 17.9% at the mean follow-up of 23.2 months (range: 5–86), primarily due to high target-lesion revascularization and target-vessel revascularization rates of 10.4% and 10.4%, respectively. Only one (1.5%) probable subacute stent thrombosis was observed in the follow-up.ConclusionRA with DES implantation in very complex, heavily calcified coronary lesions can achieve very low complication and low out-of-hospital major adverse cardiac event rates even in high-risk patients despite use limited by lack of insurance reimbursement. The study results convince us to sustain and even broaden the use of this novel, but underused, device in the DES era.     

益气活血凉血生肌方药对气虚血瘀证冠心病冠状动脉介入术后生活质量的干预作用

目的 观察气虚血瘀证冠心病患者冠状动脉介入术后应用益气活血凉血生肌方对其生活质量的影响。 方法 采用数字表法将来自北京中医药大学东方医院心内科131例成功行冠状动脉介入术的冠心病患者随机分为治疗组(n=68)、对照组(n=63),两组均接受冠心病二级预防常规,治疗组于手术日起加用益气活血凉血生肌方药2个月,随访时间为2个月,以中医症状体征积分、西雅图量表评分为主要观察指标。 结果 治疗组西雅图心绞痛量表评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组胸闷、瘀血、气短、乏力积分改善显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论 给予冠心病冠状动脉介入术后患者益气活血凉血生肌方药治疗,可显著改善气虚血瘀症状、提高生活质量。