全身麻醉复合使用不同剂量右美托咪定对苏醒期患儿咽喉反射及苏醒质量的影响

目的 探讨全身麻醉复合使用不同剂量右美托咪定（Dex）对患儿苏醒期咽喉反射及对苏醒质量的影响。方法 选取择期行骨科、泌尿外科等手术的患儿120例,随机分为D1组（Dex1.0μg/kg）、D2组（Dex 0.5μg/kg）、D3组（Dex 0.25μg/kg）和C组（安慰剂组）。入室后给予七氟醚吸入诱导,置入喉罩;术中以空氧混合-七氟烷-芬太尼维持,全程保留自主呼吸。预计手术结束前30min,静脉恒速输注不同剂量Dex或等容积生理盐水（15min泵入）。手术结束时关闭七氟烷,深麻醉下拔除喉罩,置入鼻咽通气道保证患儿通气,直至苏醒。记录患儿苏醒后2min咽喉反射恢复质量评级;记录药物不良反应。结果 D3组在苏醒后2min咽喉反射恢复质量最高,明显优于D1组（P<0.05）;D3组咽喉反射恢复速度最快,恢复时间显著短于D1组（P<0.01）、D2组（P<0.05）。术中使用Dex的患儿有一定比例发生低血压及心动过缓,D1组、D2组、D3组低血压的发生率显著高于C组（P<0.05）,D1组、D2组心动过缓的发生率明显高于D3组（P<0.05）。结论 全身麻醉患儿手术结束前30min给予右美托咪定0.25μg/kg可有效减少拔管期间心血管反应,使得苏醒更加平稳。     

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞和髂腹股沟/髂腹下神经阻滞应用于腹股沟疝修补术镇痛效果比较

目的 比较超声引导下腹横肌平面（TAP）阻滞和髂腹股沟/髂腹下神经（IHN）阻滞用于腹股沟疝修补术的镇痛效果。方法 2013~2015年深圳大学第一附属医院择期单侧腹股沟疝修补术患者90例,年龄35~75岁,ASA分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,随机分为TAP组、IHN组和对照组（CTR组）,每组30例。TAP组和IHN组在超声引导下进行TAP阻滞或IHN阻滞,再经静脉麻醉后手术,CTR组直接采用静脉全麻后手术,记录手术相关情况。观察和记录术后12、24、48小时 VAS评分、术后48小时总体镇痛满意度、术后镇痛剂使用及相关并发症发生情况。结果 TAP组和IHN组的12小时和24小时VAS评分低于CTR组（P < 0.05）,而48小时VAS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,其总体镇痛评分高于CTR组（P < 0.05）。TAP组和IHN组术后12、24、48小时VAS评分,术后48小时总体镇痛满意度和镇痛剂使用比例差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 超声引导下TAP阻滞和IHN阻滞对腹股沟疝修补术患者均有满意的镇痛效果,二者的镇痛效果相似,在临床应用中均可选择。     

八段锦对2型糖尿病患者下肢肌力与身体成分的影响

[目的]观察规律性八段锦运动对2型糖尿病患者的血糖、下肢肌力与身体成分的影响。[方法]选取60例2型糖尿病患者,年龄45~67岁之间,随机分为八段锦运动干预组与对照组,分别给予12周八段锦运动（45~50分/次,5次/周）与糖尿病的病因、防治及饮食等教育（90分/次,1次/月）。比较两组空腹血糖、餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、股四头肌、腘绳肌、胫骨前肌与腓肠肌最大等长肌力,体脂百分比与腰臀比。[结果]组内比较八段锦运动干预组,患者的空腹血糖、餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白与运动前相比均降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预后与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。女性体脂百分比下降,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;且与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与本组干预前相比较,双侧股四头肌、胫骨前肌、腓肠肌最大等长肌力均增长,依次平均增长6.7 kg（增长率19.8%）、6.5 kg（增长率24.3%）、6.0 kg（增长率24.7%）,均P<0.05,与对照组相比,干预后,股四头肌、胫骨前肌与腓肠肌肌力增加,均P<0.05。[结论]12周规律性八段锦运动有效改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖、身体成分与肌肉力量,可为进一步研究传统体育运动八段锦防治糖尿病及其并发症如糖尿病足等提供基础。     

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因用于连续股神经阻滞在全膝关节置换术后镇痛效果的观察

目的探讨右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因用于连续股神经阻滞在全膝关节置换术后的镇痛效果及不良反应。方法选择60例应用连续股神经阻滞进行术后镇痛的全膝关节置换病人,随机分为2组,各30例。其中对照组（C组）镇痛药液配方0.2%罗哌卡因;右美托咪定组（D组）在C组的基础上加用右美托咪定0.1 μg·kg-1·h-1。记录术前、术后镇痛治疗期间3、6、12、24、48 h各时间点的静息痛、运动痛和镇静的评分,术前、术后24、48 h各时间点的股四头肌肌力评分以及心动过缓,低血压,过度镇静等不良反应。结果D组在术后6、12、24、48 h静息痛和运动痛的NRS评分均明显低于C组（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。D组病人在术后各观察时间点的镇静评分均高于C组（P < 01）。D组病人低血压,心动过缓发生率也均明显高于C组（P < 0.05）。结论右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因进行连续股神经阻滞可以增强镇痛效果,增加镇静效果,同时不影响股四头肌肌力,但在应用时需提防低血压,心动过缓等不良反应的发生。     

基于快速康复外科理念的超声引导胸椎旁阻滞在胸腔镜肺叶切除术中的应用价值评估

目的 基于快速康复外科（ERAS）理念探讨超声引导胸椎旁阻滞（TPVB）在胸腔镜（VATS）肺叶切除术中的应用价值。方法 选取2019年4月—2021年10月于长沙市第一医院接受VATS肺叶切除术的早期肺癌患者106例纳入研究。将患者分为TPVB组和EA组,各53例。TPVB组采用超声引导下TPVB+全身麻醉,EA组采用硬膜外阻滞+全麻。比较两组镇痛效果、生命体征、肺功能、术后恢复情况、术后并发症等。结果 两组患者术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的静息状态下视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析,结果 ①不同时间点间的静息状态下VAS评分比较有差异（F =25.842,P <0.05）。②两组患者静息状态下VAS评分比较有差异（F =101.268,P <0.05）,TPVB组静息状态下VAS评分比EA组低,相对镇痛效果好。③两组患者静息状态下VAS评分变化趋势比较有差异（F =42.638,P <0.05）。两组患者不同时间点的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、血氧饱和度（SpO₂）比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析,结果 ①不同时间点的MAP、HR、SpO₂比较有差异（F =19.635、27.415、40.362,均P <0.05）。②两组患者MAP、HR、SpO₂比较有差异（F =12.845、24.632、31.486,均P <0.05）,TPVB组切皮时高于EA组。③两组患者MAP、HR、SpO₂变化趋势比较有差异（F =89.563、102.542、117.635,均P <0.05）。两组患者拔管后第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、肺活量（VC）、每分钟最大通气量（MVV）比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,TPVB组术后48 h的FEV₁、VC、MVV及拔管后与术后48 h的差值大于EA组（P <0.05）。两组患者术后拔管时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,TPVB组首次排气时间、排便时间、下床活动时间、术后住院时间短于EA组（P <0.05）。TPVB组术后并发症总发生率低于EA组（P <0.05）。结论 超声引导下TPVB应用于VATS肺叶切除术的镇痛效果确切,有助于稳定患者血流动力学,保护肺功能,降低术后并发症风险,符合ERAS理念。     

全身麻醉下胸横肌平面⁃胸神经阻滞在乳腺癌手术患者中的价值

目的：评价胸横肌平面-胸神经（transversus thoracic muscle plane-pectoral nerves,TTP-PECS）阻滞用于减阿片类药物全麻下乳腺癌改良根治术中的安全性与可行性。方法：选择择期行乳腺癌改良根治术的患者60例,随机分为TTP-PECS阻滞联合减阿片药物全麻组（TO组）和常规全身麻醉组（GA组）,每组30例。观察并记录两组患者各时点收缩压、舒张压、心率; 麻醉诱导前（T₀）、插管前即刻（T₁）、切皮时（T₂）、切除乳腺标本时（T₃）、手术结束时（T₄）各时点安静及运动状态下的疼痛视觉模拟评分量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）;术后24 h 40项恢复质量评分量表（quality of recovery-40,QoR-40）评分;围术期不良反应的发生率。结果：与T₀比较,两组患者T₁~T₄时点收缩压、舒张压、心率均显著降低（P < 0.05）,但两组之间各时点收缩压、舒张压、心率比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;TO 组术后 2 h、6 h、12 h 安静及运动状态下 VAS 评分均显著低于 GA 组（P < 0.05）;TO组术后24 h QoR-40量表总评分及情绪状态、身体舒适度、心理支持、疼痛各项评分均显著高于GA组（P < 0.05）;TO 组患者诱导期咳嗽反射及术后恶心呕吐的发生率显著低于GA组（P < 0.05）。结论：TTP-PECS阻滞联合羟考酮-丙泊酚减阿片药物全身麻醉可安全用于乳腺癌改良根治术中,术后镇痛效果确切,降低术后恶心呕吐发生率,并能提高患者早期恢复质量。     

超声引导下腰方肌阻滞对腹腔镜全子宫切除术后镇痛效果的影响

目的 评价超声引导下腰方肌阻滞对腹腔镜全子宫切除患者术后镇痛效果的影响。方法 选择2018年9月至2019年2月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院（安徽省立医院）择期拟行腹腔镜全子宫切除术的患者60例。采用随机数字表法将患者均分为腰方肌阻滞组（QLB组）和常规镇痛对照组（C组）,每组各30例。QLB组为超声引导下腰方肌阻滞,阻滞完善后,在全麻下手术;C组患者在常规全麻后手术,术毕均使用舒芬太尼行患者静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）,维持术后48 h内咳嗽视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分≤3分。记录并比较两组患者术中瑞芬太尼总用量、术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数、PCIA累计用量及术后补救镇痛发生率,术后4、8、12、24、48小时的咳嗽VAS评分;记录术后48 h内PCIA相关并发症,包括瘙痒、呼吸抑制和恶心呕吐的发生及QLB引起的相关并发症情况。结果 QLB组和C组的一般情况比较,两组在性别构成、身高、体质量方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,与C组比较,QLB组手术时间缩短,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与C组比较,QLB组在瑞芬太尼用量、48 h内PCIA累计用量、有效按压次数、补救镇痛发生率及恶心呕吐发生率均降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与C组比较,QLB组在瘙痒和呼吸抑制发生率方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;QLB组未见神经阻滞相关并发症。结论 腹腔镜全子宫切除患者术前用超声引导下腰方肌阻滞可以提供有效镇痛,明显减少腹腔镜全子宫切除术术中、术后阿片类药物用量,且降低明显镇痛相关并发症,安全性好。     

超声引导下神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在下肢骨折手术中的应用

目的 探讨超声引导下股神经、坐骨神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在下肢骨折手术中的应用。方法 将64例接受下肢骨折手术的患者随机分为两组,对照组（n=32）采用单纯全身麻醉,联合组（n=32）采用全身麻醉联合B超引导股神经、坐骨神经阻滞。比较两组术中不同时刻血流动力学状态、麻醉药物用量、苏醒时间及苏醒后躁动发生情况。结果 T₂时刻,联合组和对照组HR、MAP均较T₁时刻明显下降（P<0.05）,T₃~T₅时刻,联合组HR、MAP均与T₁时刻比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而对照组均明显高于T₁时刻水平（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,联合组术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量明显减少,苏醒时间、拔管时间明显缩短（P<0.05）。联合组苏醒后躁动的发生率、躁动程度均较对照组明显降低 （P<0.05）。结论 超声引导下神经阻滞联合全身麻醉行下肢骨折手术,可维持术中血流动力学稳定,减少镇痛药物用量,促进早期苏醒和拔管。     

全身麻醉联合硬膜外阻滞对腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者POCD的影响

目的 探讨全身麻醉联合硬膜外阻滞对腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后认知功能障碍（POCD）的影响。方法 将62例行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的患者随机分成两组,分别采用单纯全身麻醉（对照组,n=31）、全身麻醉联合硬膜外阻滞（联合组,n=31）。比较两组的围术期相关指标、血流动力学及POCD的发生情况。结果 联合组丙泊酚用量较对照组明显减少（P<0.05）;从T₂时刻起,对照组HR水平较T₀时刻显著升高,MAP水平则显著降低（P<0.05）,且联合组T₂、T₃、T₄时刻的MAP水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。术后1天,对照组MMSE评分较术前明显降低,且低于联合组（P<0.05）;联合组POCD的发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 全身麻醉复合硬膜外阻滞用于腹腔镜胃癌根治术减少麻醉药物用量,维持血流动力学稳定,提高术后认知能力。     

收肌管阻滞和股神经阻滞在半月板术后的应用

目的 探讨收肌管阻滞（ACB）和股神经阻滞（FNB)在半月板修复术后对镇痛效果和肌力的影响。 方法 选取拟在蛛网膜下腔阻滞下行单侧膝关节镜下半月板修复术的60例患者为研究对象,随机分为收肌管阻滞组（ACB组）、股神经阻滞组（FNB组）及蛛网膜下腔阻滞组（SA组）三组,每组20例。其中ACB组和FNB组在麻醉前超声引导下行ACB和FNB,用药为0.3％罗哌卡因15mL。记录术后4、8、12、24h时三组的静息和主动运动的NRS评分,各时间点股四头肌肌力分级,术后镇痛药用量及用药副作用,ACB组和FNB组在超声引导下神经阻滞操作时间及相关并发症。结果 术后各时间点SA组NRS评分均明显高于ACB组和FNB组（均P＜0.05）,而ACB组和FNB组NRS评分差异不明显（P＞0.05）;术后4、8、12h时,SA组和ACB组股四头肌肌力明显高于FNB组（P＜0.05）,但术后24h时,三组肌力比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;SA组术后镇痛药用量比ACB和FNB组明显增高（P＜0.05）,且恶心呕吐发生率较高;与ACB组比较,FNB组神经阻滞操作时间短,但两组差异不明显（P＞0.05）,且均无明显神经阻滞并发症。结论 FNB和ACB均可提供良好的术后早期镇痛,但ACB对股四头肌肌力影响小,患者能在无痛下及早进行术后功能锻炼,更有利于其关节功能的恢复。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.