3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤介入诊疗中的应用价值

目的评价3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤诊疗中的作用,并与2D DSA比较。方法50个破裂的颅内动脉瘤均行2D DSA及3DDSA检查。观察2D DSA及3D DSA(VR)对颅内动脉瘤瘤颈和瘤体形态的显示,评估血管内栓塞治疗的可行性。获取血管内栓塞治疗的参考图像。通过对瘤颈和瘤体的测量,正确选择第1枚弹簧圈的直径及长度。结果50个破裂的颅内动脉瘤中,2D DSA能清楚显示14个动脉瘤的瘤颈;VR能清楚显示所有动脉瘤的瘤颈。2D DSA能清楚显示26个动脉瘤的形态;VR能清楚显示所有动脉瘤的形态。2D DSA认为6例不能行血管内栓塞治疗;3D DSA显示全部能行血管内栓塞治疗并栓塞成功。49个颅内动脉瘤行血管内栓塞治疗时均从3D DSA获取参考图像。48个第1枚弹簧圈选择正确。结论3D DSA在评估颅内动脉瘤血管内栓塞治疗的可行性、获得参考图像、动脉瘤精确测量等方面具有重要的临床价值。     

3D DSA在诊断颅内动脉瘤中的应用价值

目的：与常规DSA比较,评价3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤血管造影诊断中的应用价值。方法：15例蛛网膜下腔出血患者入院3天内均行常规DSA/3D DSA进行检查,分析不同方法对动脉瘤病变的显示情况。结果：15例患者中发现1例烟雾病,动脉瘤患者共10例。常规DSA检出8例,仅极少数病例能明确显示瘤颈形态（2/8）和载瘤动脉与瘤体的关系（1/8）。3D DSA显示病变复杂结构的能力较常规DSA明显提高。10例3D DSA图像都清晰显示了脑动脉瘤瘤体、瘤颈形态及载瘤动脉关系。常规DSA假阳性患者经3D DSA证实为血管扭曲造成。结论：3D DSA可立体、直观地显示颅内动脉瘤及其与空间解剖关系,为手术夹闭和介入治疗方式的选择提供了有价值的影像学信息。     

3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤诊疗中的应用价值

目的 探讨3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤诊断和血管内介入治疗中的临床应用价值.方法 11例蛛网膜下腔出血患者（经CT证实）,分别进行常规DSA与3D DSA造影,9例进行血管内介入治疗.结果 常规DSA一般能显示存在动脉瘤病变,极少数能明确显示瘤颈和载瘤动脉的关系.3D DSA能清晰显示颅内动脉瘤瘤体,瘤颈及其与载瘤动脉的关系,显示动脉瘤结构的能力比常规DSA明显提高,提示血管内介入治疗的可行性,并指导制定治疗方案.结论 3D DSA对颅内动脉瘤的诊断和血管内介入治疗具有较高的临床应用价值.     

3D DSA在颅内动脉瘤血管内治疗中的价值

目的　对相对复杂的血管解剖结构 ,常规的二维DSA(2DDSA)不能提供诊治所需要的完整信息。三维重建技术来自旋转血管造影 ,提供了颅内动脉瘤许多有价值的信息。本研究探讨三维数字减影血管造影 (3DDSA)在颅内动脉瘤血管内治疗中的价值。方法　 2 0 0 1年 7月至 2 0 0 4年 4月我院收治的并进行 3D重建的 35 2例患者 ,共 4 31个动脉瘤。男 14 8例 ,女 2 0 4例。平均年龄 5 5岁 (15～ 87岁 )。其中 2 72例患者以自发性蛛网膜下腔出血入院 ,37例以头痛入院 ,2 6例以单纯动眼神经麻痹入院 ,17例因其他诉原因入院发现动脉榴。动脉瘤部位 :颈内动脉及后交通动脉 2 2 4枚 ,大脑前动脉及前交通动脉119枚 ,大脑中动脉 37枚 ,基底动脉 32枚 ,大脑后动脉 19枚。动脉瘤最小 2 .2mm× 2 .0mm× 1.5mm ,最大 32mm× 2 6mm× 2 0mm ,所有患者均行常规脑血管造影及旋转DSA检查 ,并行 3DDSA重建 ,其中 375个动脉瘤进行了血管内治疗。对 4 31枚动脉瘤的 3DDSA与 2DDSA图像进行比较 ,分析动脉瘤的形状、瘤颈的显示、血管内治疗的可行性、血管内治疗的工作角度及第一枚弹簧圈大小的选择。结果　与 2DDSA相比 ,3DDSA能更清晰显示动脉瘤的形状及瘤颈 ,更正确判断动脉瘤血管内治疗的可行性 ,能提供多个血管内治疗的工作角度 ,使用     

旋转DSA三维重建成像与常规DSA成像在动脉瘤瘤颈大小测量中的比较

目的探讨旋转DSA三维重建成像(3DDSA)在动脉瘤瘤颈大小测量中的价值,并与常规DSA(2DDSA)进行比较,为动脉瘤的栓塞提供更加丰富更加准确的信息。方法对在2DDSA检查中发现的14例动脉瘤的瘤颈进行常规测量,又分别将进行旋转血管造影和3DDSA成像后对动脉瘤的瘤颈进行测量。结果3DDSA与2DDSA在动脉瘤瘤颈的测量上存在一定的差异,3DDSA比较2DDSA在动脉瘤瘤颈的显示上有更多的角度显示的更加清晰,测量数据更加丰富。结论3DDSA比2DDSA能够显示动脉瘤更多的瘤颈,尤其是动脉瘤的最大颈,对介入手术具有重要的参考意义。     

旋转DSA及三维重建技术在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的应用价值

目的 评价旋转DSA及血管三维重建技术在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值.方法 40例蛛网膜下腔出血患者应用传统DSA,旋转DSA 及血管三维重建进行检查,对比不同方法对动脉瘤病变的显示情况.结果 40例患者均确诊为颅内动脉瘤,共45个动脉瘤.常规正侧位DSA能显示存在动脉瘤病变,但仅极少数病例能明确显示瘤颈和载瘤动脉的关系.旋转DSA显示动脉瘤结构的能力较常规DSA明显提高.所有血管三维重建的图像都清晰显示了颅内动脉瘤瘤体、瘤颈形态及载瘤动脉关系.结论 旋转DSA及血管三维重建技术对颅内动脉瘤病变结构显示极佳,尤其是三维重建技术,明显有助于提高对颅内动脉瘤的诊断和介入治疗.     

支架联合弹簧圈技术栓塞颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤

目的　探讨三维 (3D)数字减影 (DSA)辅助下血管内支架联合弹簧圈 (stent coil)技术栓塞颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤的技术要点及疗效。方法　 12例瘤体 颈比值≤ 1的颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤 (瘤体最大径≤ 4 .0mm) ,全部经二维 (2D)造影及 3D重建 ,前交通动脉 2例采用双侧置管 ,微导管头端到位后 ,通过对侧导引导管内释放颅内自膨胀支架Neuroform ,再通过微导管使用弹簧圈塞动脉瘤。后交通动脉 8例 ,小脑后下动脉动脉起始部 2例 ,先释放支架覆盖瘤颈 ,通过支架网眼将微导管送入动脉瘤腔使用弹簧圈栓塞 ,术后 6～ 12个月进行临床和影像学随访。结果　 12例 2DDSA检查中 7例需经 3D确定为宽颈动脉瘤 ;12例全部技术成功 ,动脉瘤致密栓塞 ,载瘤动脉通畅 ;1例前交通动脉瘤栓塞后出现一过性神经功能障碍 ,经治疗后恢复正常 ,其余 11例恢复顺利。 12例临床随访 6～ 12个月 ,无动脉瘤再出血或脑血栓形成 ,7例DSA随访 ,无支架内膜增生狭窄及动脉瘤复发。结论　 3DDSA在颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤的诊断和介入治疗中有重要的辅助作用 ,支架～弹簧圈技术栓塞颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤疗效确实 ,颅内专用支架为特殊部位宽颈动脉瘤的介入治疗提供了方便。     

双源CT血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值并与DSA比较

目的探讨双源CT血管成像(DSCTA)多种后处理技术对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经手术或数字减影血管造影术(DSA)证实的颅内动脉瘤38例。采用西门子双源CT机(Somatom Definition),所得原始数据在工作站采用容积再现(VR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、多平面重组(MPR)、曲面重组(CPR)、去骨减影及双能去骨减影技术对动脉瘤的大小、瘤颈、瘤内血栓、瘤壁钙化及载瘤动脉等方面进行显示。结果 DSCTA显示颅内动脉瘤38例,单发33例,4例为2个动脉瘤,1例为3个动脉瘤,共44个动脉瘤。颈内动脉17个,前交通动脉8个,基底动脉6个,后交通动脉5个,大脑中动脉4个,大脑前动脉4个。动脉瘤平均直径(7.2±1.7)mm,最小动脉瘤直径2.1 mm。清晰显示瘤颈38例,44个动脉瘤瘤壁钙化4例,瘤内血栓3例。结论 DSCTA多模式重建技术可清楚显示颅内动脉瘤的大小、形态、位置、多少及其与周围结构的关系,是颅内动脉瘤的检出及制定治疗计划的非常有用的方法。     

旋转DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的 研究旋转DSA对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法 使用荷兰PHILIPS－INTEGRIS V－3000型DSA系统,对20例疑有颅内动脉瘤的蛛网膜下腔出血患者作旋转DSA检查,并与常规DSA检查比较,得到一系列关于动脉瘤的定位,动脉瘤颈的清晰度及血管分支解剖的图象。结果 旋转DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤的20例患者,常规DSA检查发现18例动脉瘤,其中6例（6／18）动脉瘤的载瘤动脉及周围血管解剖关系显示不清,7例（7／18）动脉瘤的颈部显示不清。加摄旋转DSA检查后,动脉瘤的全貌,瘤颈的位置与结构及周围血管分支的解剖关系清晰显示。结论 旋转SA可更好、更清晰的显示动脉瘤的颈部及其周围的血管解剖结构,从而提高了动脉瘤的血管造影诊断价值,为手术提供更为准确的参考价值。     

64层3D-CTA与3D-DSA对颅内动脉瘤评价的对比研究

目的 对比评价64层螺旋CT三维血管造影(3D-CTA)与三维数字减影血管造影(3D-DSA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值.方法 28例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者均行64层螺旋CT血管造影和DSA,CT三维后处理主要包括容积重建(VR)及最大密度投影(MIP).常规二维DSA检查后,对可疑病变血管行旋转DSA检查,应用三维工作软件行3D后处理,比较3D-CTA与3D-DSA对动脉瘤显示的价值.结果 28例病例中22例CTA和DSA均显示动脉瘤并经手术或栓塞证实,其中1例CTA和DSA显示单个动脉瘤,手术证实为2个动脉瘤,1例CTA显示假阳性.3D-CTA与3D-DSA均能清楚显示动脉瘤形状、瘤径指向、瘤体直径、瘤颈、载瘤动脉、瘤体穿动脉情况,两者无明显差异.结论 64层3D-CTA在颅内动脉瘤诊断及细节显示上与3D-DSA无明显差异,一定程度上应能替代血管造影,指导临床治疗.     

全脑血管CT血管成像 数字减影血管造影检查和介入栓塞治疗在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断和治疗价值

目的探讨全脑血管CT血管成像（CTA）、数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查及介入栓塞治疗在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断和治疗价值。方法回顾性分析我院26例颅内动脉瘤病例的CTA与DSA资料,其中14例接受颅内动脉瘤的介入栓塞治疗。结果 CTA和DSA在颅内动脉瘤检出情况无明显差异;就显示动脉瘤大小,形态及其载瘤动脉和周围血管方面DSA检查优于CTA检查。14例动脉瘤介入栓塞治疗患者中无1例死亡,术后行DSA血管造影显示动脉瘤完全栓塞;2例术中出现血管痉挛,使用药物后缓解。结论CTA可以作为筛选颅内动脉瘤的首选检查方法,DSA在观察动脉瘤附近重要的穿支动脉血管方面明显优于CTA;介入栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤是安全有效的,可以明显减少动脉瘤再次破裂出血,改善预后。     

颅内动脉瘤的比较影像学研究

目的：比较分析DSA、3D TOF MRA及CT对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法：30例颅内动脉瘤均经血管造影和手术征实，所有病例均先后作CT、3D TOF MRA及DSA检查，对其影像学特征进行比较研究。结果：DSA显示全部瘤体，呈囊状、梭形局部突出影；3D TOF MRA显示28个动脉瘤(2个假阳性)，4个未显示，其显示动脉瘤的敏感性为86．7％，假阳性为6．7％。CT显示瘤体及蛛网膜下腔出血提示动脉瘤者15例，占50％；无异常者8例，占26．7％。结论：DSA仍然是诊断颅内动脉瘤的金标准‘3D TOF MRA虽然是显示颅内动脉瘤的敏感方法之一，但对确定治疗方案价值低于DSA；CT敏感性较差，但可通过显示其间接征象提示动脉瘤。     

Comparison of 2D and 3D digital subtraction angiography in evaluation of intracranial aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is considered the criterion standard for depiction of intracranial aneurysms, it is often difficult to determine the relationship of overlapping vessels to aneurysms when using 2D DSA. We compared 2D and 3D DSA in evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with cerebral aneurysms underwent 2D and 3D DSA. After standard 2D DSA, rotational DSA was performed. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) and shaded surface display (SSD) images were created from the rotational DSA data sets. All images were assessed randomly for overall image quality, presence of aneurysm, presence of aneurysmal lobulation, visualization of aneurysmal neck, and relationship to adjacent vessels. Data analysis was conducted for 40 aneurysms treated by clip placement. RESULTS: One aneurysm that was not detected at 2D DSA was classified as uncertain on the basis of rotational DSA. All aneurysms were classified as probably or definitively present on the basis of MIP and SSD findings. Overall image quality of rotational DSA, MIP, and SSD was statistically inferior to that of the standard 2D DSA for visualization of distal arteries. However, MIP and SSD images were significantly superior to those of standard 2D DSA for all other evaluations. For detection of lobulation, SSD images were significantly superior to other images, and for visualization of aneurysmal neck and relationship to neighboring arteries, SSD images were significantly superior to those of rotational DSA. For evaluation of the relationship to neighboring arteries, MIP images were significantly superior to those of rotational DSA. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional DSA, especially SSD, provided more detailed information for evaluating cerebral aneurysms than did standard 2D and rotational DSA.     

16层螺旋CT血管造影在颅内病变中的应用

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)对颅内疾病的应用价值。方法:应用16层螺旋CT对43例脑血管病变和颅内肿瘤患者行CTA检查,全部病例均采用多平面重建(MPR)、曲面重建(CPR)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)、最大密度投影(MIP)、三维容积重建(3D-VR)等技术显示脑血管,对脑血管显示情况进行评价,并将结果与DSA和/或手术结果比较。结果:43例患者CTA脑血管主干及1~3级分支血管显示率为100%;CTA检查未见异常4例,动脉瘤20例,血管畸形8例,缺血性脑血管病7例,脑肿瘤4例,其中21例行DSA检查,13例行手术治疗;与DSA比较,CTA对动脉瘤的敏感性为92%(12/13),CTA清晰地显示了瘤体、瘤颈、载瘤动脉及其详细关系,CTA显示的瘤体小于手术所见;CTA显示的畸形血管团大小、部位、供血动脉和引流静脉与DSA及手术所见相符;CTA显示脑血管狭窄、中断部位、形态与DSA一致;CTA显示了肿瘤与周围血管和颅骨间的三维关系。结论:16层螺旋CT血管造影对颅内各种血管性病变的诊断及显示血管与其他颅内病变的三维空间关系具有重要价值,是诊断颅内病变的重要而有效的检查方法。     

Comparison of 3D TOF-MRA and 3D CE-MRA at 3 T for imaging of intracranial aneurysms

Purpose

To compare 3 T elliptical-centric CE MRA with 3 T TOF MRA for the detection and characterization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), by using digital subtracted angiography (DSA) as reference.

Materials and methods

Twenty-nine patients (12 male, 17 female; mean age: 62 years) with 41 aneurysms (34 saccular, 7 fusiform; mean diameter: 8.85 mm [range 2.0–26.4 mm]) were evaluated with MRA at 3 T each underwent 3D TOF-MRA examination without contrast and then a 3D contrast-enhanced (CE-MRA) examination with 0.1 mmol/kg bodyweight gadobenate dimeglumine and k-space elliptic mapping (Contrast ENhanced Timing Robust Angiography [CENTRA]). Both TOF and CE-MRA images were used to evaluate morphologic features that impact the risk of rupture and the selection of a treatment. Almost half (20/41) of UIAs were located in the internal carotid artery, 7 in the anterior communicating artery, 9 in the middle cerebral artery and 4 in the vertebro-basilar arterial system.All patients also underwent DSA before or after the MR examination.

Results

The CE-MRA results were in all cases consistent with the DSA dataset. No differences were noted between 3D TOF-MRA and CE-MRA concerning the detection and location of the 41 aneurysms or visualization of the parental artery. Differences were apparent concerning the visualization of morphologic features, especially for large aneurysms (>13 mm). An irregular sac shape was demonstrated for 21 aneurysms on CE-MRA but only 13/21 aneurysms on 3D TOF-MRA. Likewise, CE-MRA permitted visualization of an aneurismal neck and calculation of the sac/neck ratio for all 34 aneurysms with a neck demonstrated at DSA. Conversely, a neck was visible for only 24/34 aneurysms at 3D TOF-MRA. 3D CE-MRA detected 15 aneurysms with branches originating from the sac and/or neck, whereas branches were recognized in only 12/15 aneurysms at 3D TOF-MRA.

Conclusion

For evaluation of intracranial aneurysms at 3 T, 3D CE-MRA is superior to 3D TOF-MRA for assessment of sac shape, detection of aneurysmal neck, and visualization of branches originating from the sac or neck itself, if the size of the aneurysm is greater than 13 mm. 3 T 3D CE-MRA is as accurate and effective as DSA for the evaluation of UIAs.     

Three-dimensional reconstructed rotational digital subtraction angiography in planning treatment of intracranial aneurysms

We evaluated three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of 200 ° rotational digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images for their contributions to improving the safety of endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms. Standard DSA and 200 ° rotational DSA were performed in 40 adult patients (aged 21–77 years) with 45 intracranial aneurysms. Information obtainable from standard DSA and 3D-DSA images about aneurysm shape and size was compared. In 40 (89 %) of the 45 aneurysms 3D-DSA gave additional information about the anatomy of the aneurysm. In 17 (43 %) of these cases aneurysm anatomy could be visualized better on 3D-DSA than on standard DSA images. In three cases only 3D-DSA images showed blood vessels originating from the aneurysm. Reconstructed 3D images were also helpful in visualizing partially clipped aneurysms. On maximum-intensity projection images it was even possible to depict previously embolized aneurysms. Blood vessels originating from the aneurysm are visible on 3D-DSA images, and even previously clipped aneurysms can be visualized well. Rotational DSA with 3D reconstruction is a helpful tool in the assessment of intracranial aneurysms. Received: 7 September 1999; Revised: 26 November 1999; Accepted: 26 November 1999     

16层螺旋CT血管造影诊断颅内动脉瘤

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确性。材料和方法:30例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者分别进行16层螺旋CT脑血管三维成像(3D-MSCTA)和数字减影血管造影(DSA),所有病例均完成多层面重建(MPR)、三维表面遮盖显示(SSD)、容积显示(VR)和薄层块最大密度投影(MIP),并对照手术或介入栓塞结果评估其诊断价值。结果:MSCTA共发现24例28个动脉瘤,其中22例为单个动脉瘤,2例为两个动脉瘤。动脉瘤直径最小2.7mm,最大35mm。MSCTA能清晰显示动脉瘤的瘤体大小、瘤颈、瘤轴指向、载瘤动脉及其动脉瘤与临近血管分支和骨性组织间的空间关系。23例与手术/DSA结果一致。结论:MSCTA诊断颅内动脉瘤有较高准确性,可部分取代DSA造影检查。