肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊疗分析(附8例报告)

目的:探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床、影像学及病理特点,提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析8例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料。临床表现为左腰痛1例,腰酸及镜下血尿1例,余6例由体检发现。8例均行超声和CT检查,1例行MRI及IVP检查。5例术前诊断为肾癌,2例术前怀疑肾癌,但良性病变不除外,1例诊断为肾盂癌。5例行肾部分切除术,2例行根治性肾切除术,1例行腹腔镜肾、输尿管及部分膀胱切除术。结果:术后病理检查均诊断为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。肉眼观察肿瘤边界清楚;光镜下见肿瘤无明显异型性和核分裂相;电镜下胞浆内见大量线粒体。术后随访2个月～7年,所有病例均未出现复发和转移。结论:肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种较少见的肾脏良性肿瘤,多无明显临床症状;影像学检查有阳性发现,但在区分良恶性上不可靠;确诊有赖于病理检查。治疗上首选保留肾单位手术,术中冷冻病理切片可对手术提供重要信息,其预后良好,但应密切随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床研究

目的:探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤(renal oncocytoma,RO)的临床及病理学特点,提高对该病的诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析我院2008~2014年收治的7例RO患者的临床资料:男3例,女4例,年龄30~63岁,平均40岁。5例因体检发现,2例因腰部酸痛不适就诊发现;7例行CT、MRI、超声等影像学检查均有阳性发现。肿瘤均为单侧单发,位于左肾6例,右肾1例。肿瘤直径在2.5~10cm,平均5.06cm。6例行肾脏部分切除术,1例行肾肿瘤根治性切除术。结果:本组7例患者均痊愈出院。其中1例失访,6例随访,随访时间2~56个月,中位随访时间45个月,均未发现肿瘤复发或远处转移。术后病理检查报告均为RO。结论:RO是一种少见的肾脏良性肿瘤,多无临床表现,影像学检查均有阳性发现,典型病例有特异性影像学表现,但大多无特异性表现。不推荐术前穿刺活检,术中快速冷冻切片检查有一定意义。确诊有赖于病理检查及免疫组织化学分析。治疗上以保留肾单位手术为首选,术后需定期随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞瘤4例临床分析

目的:探讨肾嗜酸细胞瘤的临床、影像学及病理学特点,提高对肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊疗水平。方法:回顾性分析4例肾嗜酸细胞瘤患者的临床资料:临床表现为右上腹痛2例,另2例体检发现。2例静脉尿路造影(IVU)检查提示占位性病变,超声、CT及肾动脉造影诊断为肾癌。4例均行肾癌根治性切除术,其中2例行腹腔镜手术,2例行开放性手术。结果:术后病理检查均诊断为肾嗜酸细胞瘤。术后B超随访6～15个月,4例均未出现复发和转移。结论:肾嗜酸细胞瘤是良性肿瘤,但临床症状、影像学表现与肾癌类似,需病理检查确诊。治疗上首选保留肾单位手术,术中冷冻切片活检可对手术提供重要信息。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床诊治（附5例报告）

目的：探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤（ RO ）的临床资料及病理特点,提高对此病的诊疗水平。方法分析总结本院收治的5例RO的临床资料。其中3例无明显临床表现,1例因腰部疼痛,1例因尿路感染就诊。5例均行彩超及CT检查,术前均诊断为肾癌,2例因肿瘤较大行后腹腔镜下肾根治性切除手术,3例行后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术。结果5例术后病理报告均为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。肿瘤标本肉眼见肿瘤边界清楚,光镜下肿瘤细胞呈巢状排列,间质可见大量纤维结缔组织增生和新生毛细血管。术后随访1～62个月,平均57个月,5例患者均未见肿瘤复发、转移。结论 RO作为一种少见良性肿瘤,无特殊的临床表现,且影像学检查亦没有较明确的特征性表现,故术前确诊较为困难,需依赖于术后病理。治疗上应首选保留肾单位的手术治疗,预后良好,但部分患者可能与恶性肿瘤伴生,术后应密切随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤27例诊疗分析

目的:探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床特点,提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊疗水平。方法:回顾性分析2004年6月~2014年12月在长海医院就诊的27例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料,包括临床症状、辅助检查、治疗方法、病理检查结果及预后情况等。结果:本组27例患者占同期肾肿瘤患者0.99%,因体检发现20例,其余表现为腰部不适4例,间歇性肉眼血尿2例,发热1例。术前影像学检查包括B超、CT、MRI,无一例明确考虑为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。行保留肾单位手术17例,肾癌根治术10例。术后经病理检查确诊为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。25例患者获得随访,其中23例预后良好,2例非肿瘤原因死亡。2例失访。结论:肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种少见的肾脏良性肿瘤,术前影像学检查对于明确嗜酸细胞腺瘤诊断并不可靠,穿刺活检的临床应用存有争议,确诊仍有赖于病理检查;治疗上建议行保留肾单位手术。该病预后良好,但仍需积极检测。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤伴潜在恶性1例报告并文献复习

目的：探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊断、治疗和预后,提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊疗水平。方法：对本院1例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床特点、治疗方法、病理特征以及治疗预后进行分析,并结合文献探讨其鉴别诊断及治疗预后。结果：影像学诊断为肾脏肿物,术后病理学检查为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤,灶性侵犯肾实质,伴潜在恶性。对其实施根治性肾切除术并术后免疫治疗。结论：肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种罕见的肾脏良性肿瘤,极少数潜在恶性或恶变,男女均可发病,术前诊断较困难易误诊为肾癌。治疗首选保留肾单位手术,对有潜在恶性和恶性的以肾癌治疗指南来进行,并且密切随访。     

肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床及病理特点。方法:回顾性分析1例肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料:男,54岁,体检时B超发现左肾上腺区肿物,CT检查发现6.0cm×5.3cm肾上腺区肿物。肾素、醛固酮、儿茶酚胺实验值均正常。行肾上腺肿物切除术。结果:术中发现肿物体积较大,包膜完整光滑,与周围组织无粘连,肿物表面血管较为丰富,术中触碰肿物,血压无波动,遂完整切除肿物。术后病理检查显示肿瘤细胞嗜酸性,内部充满颗粒,诊断为肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤。随访6个月无复发。结论:肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种具有潜在恶性的良性肿瘤,可手术切除,但术后需密切随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤5例诊疗分析

目的提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床诊治水平。方法回顾性分析5例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者临床情况。其中4例行根治性肾切除术,1例行肾部分切除术。结果5例术后均痊愈,随访18-84个月,均未发现肿瘤转移和复发。结论肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种较少见的倾向良性的肿瘤,本病预后良好。     

肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤的临床诊疗（附2例报告并文献复习）

目的：探讨肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤的症状、影像、病理、治疗及预后,以提高对该病的诊疗水平。方法：回顾分析2011年3月010月我院收治2例肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤患者的临床资料,结合文献复习并讨论。结果：2例肿瘤大小分别为3．0cm×4．0cm和1．5cm×2．0cm。1例行左肾部分切除术,另1例行后腹腔镜下根治性左肾切除术,术后病理回报均为肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤。镜检：肿瘤细胞圆形或类圆形,细胞均匀一致,呈腺泡状或管状排列,胞质内富含嗜酸性颗粒,肿瘤中心部可见玻璃样变性无细胞区;免疫组化：EMA（＋）、Vimentin（-）。本组中1例细胞核有一定程度异形性,另1例细胞核异形性明显,呈低度恶性。术后分别随访14个月及6个月,未见肿瘤复发,转移。结论：肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤是一种良性肿瘤,在临床症状、体征及影像学方面无明显特异性表现,确诊须依靠组织病理学检查。治疗以保留肾单位手术为宜,针对某些伴发恶性可能的肿瘤,肾根治性切除术也是积极的,术后需密切随访。     

肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床病理特征和腹腔镜手术

目的探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床病理特征及微创治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2017年2月肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤4例的临床资料,并进行相关文献复习。女2例,男2例,年龄15～59岁,平均42岁。2例女性表现为男性化,均有多次自然流产史。2例腰背部疼痛。术前CT均提示肾上腺肿瘤,4例均行后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术。结果均手术顺利,术后病理测量肿瘤直径3.0～9.0 cm,(5.10±2.76)cm。病理均提示肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤:肿瘤组织嗜酸性明显,大部分区域肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,未见明确核分裂象。均未见出血、坏死、包膜或血管受侵犯。术后随访9～60个月,平均44个月,未见复发。结论肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤体积多较大,绝大多数临床表现多样复杂,极易与其他肾上腺肿瘤混淆,病理方能确诊,微创手术治疗预后较好。     

肾嗜酸性细胞瘤12例临床分析

目的：总结分析肾嗜酸性细胞瘤临床诊治及预后特点,提高肾嗜酸性细胞瘤的诊治水平。方法：回顾性分析2003年1月～2010年9月诊治的12例经手术及病理检查证实为肾嗜酸性细胞瘤患者的临床及预后资料：12例患者中,男7例,女5例,平均年龄56．4（39～73）岁。肿瘤最大径平均4．3（3．0～8．0）cm。8例行肾癌根治术,4例行肾部分切除术。结果：在平均33．8（8～92）个月的随访中,所有患者未发生死亡或者复发（疾病相关生存率为100％）。结论：肾嗜酸性细胞瘤为一种临床少见的良性肿瘤,在临床上无特异性,确诊需依据病理组织学、免疫组织化学及电镜检查结果综合判断,影像学检查对于诊断有部分提示作用,对治疗选择起一定指导意义。保留。肾单位手术是推荐的治疗术式,尤其是对于肿瘤体积较小的患者。     

肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊治(附12例报告)

目的：探讨肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊断和治疗。方法：报告12例肾嗜酸细胞瘤，结合文献资料复习讨论。结果：8例肿瘤行肾癌根治性切除，1例行肾输尿管切除术，3例行肾部分切除术。随访5个月～6年，均无转移或复发。结论：肾嗜酸细胞瘤系肾脏的良性倾向肿瘤，瘤体中心区星形瘢痕是本病的特征性影像学改变。术前诊断较困难，诊断主要依据病理组织学。治疗以保肾丁术首选，但应密切随访，因为本病易并发肾恶性肿瘤。     

Renal oncocytoma in Taiwan

BACKGROUND: Renal oncocytoma has been repeatedly reported in Western countries, but only a few cases have been reported in Eastern countries. This study aims to review the clinical course of renal oncocytoma in an Eastern country such as Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen cases of renal oncocytoma seen between 1987 and 2002 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, were studied. RESULTS: Preoperatively, all patients were diagnosed to have renal cell carcinoma, following various radiologic studies. Perioperatively, frozen sections of three patients indicated renal oncocytoma in two and renal cell carcinoma in one. Renal oncocytoma has marked similarities to renal cell carcinoma, according to various radiologic, cytologic, and pathological investigations, so an accurate diagnosis is difficult to achieve, either preoperatively or perioperatively. Therefore, rather than being treated with partial nephrectomy, all patients were treated aggressively with unilateral radical nephrectomy. Postoperatively, all 16 patients were followed up, from 12 to 189 months, with a mean of 58.7 months. Notably, all patients survived with no evidence of tumor recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The experience in Taiwan is generally that renal oncocytoma behaves benignly, as reported in other areas. The excellent prognosis associated with this tumor appears to indicate that partial nephrectomy may suffice for removing the tumor, while sparing other unaffected renal parenchyma.     

RENAL ONCOCYTOMA: MULTIFOCALITY, BILATERALISM, METACHRONOUS TUMOR DEVELOPMENT AND COEXISTENT RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

PURPOSE: We analyzed a large series of cases of renal oncocytoma to define the incidence of coexistent renal cell carcinoma, multifocality, bilateralism and metachronous tumor development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1980 and 1997, 100 men and 38 women with a mean age of 68 years with oncocytoma, were treated surgically at our institution. We analyzed tumor characteristics and reviewed specimens for coexistent renal cell carcinoma. RESULTS: Tumors were discovered incidentally in 58% of the cases. Specimens were obtained from 84 radical and 70 partial nephrectomies. Tumor size ranged from 0.3 to 14.5 cm. (median 3.2). Oncocytoma was unilateral in 131 cases (95%) and bilateral in 7 (5%), while there were multiple oncocytomas in 8 (6%). Mean followup was 41 months (range 0 to 200). The disease specific survival rate was 100% and no patient had metastasis. In 6 patients (4%) metachronous oncocytoma developed during followup. No patient had locally recurrent oncocytoma after partial nephrectomy for a solitary renal oncocytoma. Renal cell carcinoma and oncocytoma were found in 14 patients (10%), including unilateral synchronous disease in 9 and bilateral synchronous disease in 5. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the benign nature of renal oncocytoma. Multifocality, bilateralism and metachronous tumor develop in approximately 4 to 6% of all cases. Renal cell carcinoma coexisted in 10% of oncocytoma cases.     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤国内外平均发病年龄比较及文献分析（附24例报告）

目的：掌握我国肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的平均发病年龄,提高其诊治水平。方法：回顾性分析24例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者临床资料：发病年龄22-84岁,其中〈40岁2例,40～49岁10例,50-59岁3例,60-69岁5例,70～79岁2例,80-89岁2例。同时复习相关文献,比较国内外该病的平均发病年龄。结果：本组24例平均发病年龄为54．5岁,术后病理检查证实均为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。统计国内肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤224例平均发病年龄为52岁,国外397例平均发病年龄为66岁,国内发病年龄较欧美早14年。结论：肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤平均发病年龄国内与国外报道有明显差别,应引起临床重视。     

遗传性肾癌11例临床分析

目的 探讨遗传性肾癌的诊断和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析11例遗传性肾癌患者的临床资料,其中男8例、女3例,年龄32～67岁,平均48岁;4例为双侧肾癌,4例为多发肾癌.2例诊断为希佩尔-林道病综合征,6例诊断为家族性肾透明细胞癌,3例诊断为遗传性乳头状肾癌.10例患者行保留肾单位的手术和（或）肾癌根治术,1例未手术.结果 随访12～114个月,4例发生肿瘤复发,1例死于肿瘤转移,2例死于其他原因,4例无瘤生存.结论 遗传性肾癌发病年龄较早,肿瘤双侧、多中心发病率较高,应尽量行保留肾单位手术.     

多房性囊性肾癌的诊治体会

目的:提高对多房性囊性肾癌(MCRCC)的诊治水平。方法:2006年1月～2011年3月我院共收治MCRCC患者12例,男8例,女4例,平均年龄50岁。该组患者均于体检时发现。术前均行B超、CT检查,其中有3例又行MRI检查,术前诊断囊实性占位10例,诊断肾囊肿2例,4例行根治性肾切除,6例行肾部分切除,1例术中病理为良性,行去顶减压术,术后病理为恶性而二次行肾切除术。1例患者术中取病理回报为恶性而行肾切除。结果:该组患者术后病理均证实为MCRCC,肿瘤最大直径为2.5～8.0cm,平均4.0cm。TNM分期均为T1N0M0期。病理分级G110例,G22例。随访3～62个月,平均36个月,均无瘤生存。结论:MCRCC恶性度低,预后好。术前诊断主要依赖于影像学检查,但影像学检查无特异性,不易与多房性肾囊肿鉴别,肾部分切除术是治疗的最佳选择。     

Renal Oncocytoma in Taiwan

Background. Renal oncocytoma has been repeatedly reported in Western countries, but only a few cases have been reported in Eastern countries. This study aims to review the clinical course of renal oncocytoma in an Eastern country such as Taiwan. Materials and Methods. Sixteen cases of renal oncocytoma seen between 1987 and 2002 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, were studied. Results. Preoperatively, all patients were diagnosed to have renal cell carcinoma, following various radiologic studies. Perioperatively, frozen sections of three patients indicated renal oncocytoma in two and renal cell carcinoma in one. Renal oncocytoma has marked similarities to renal cell carcinoma, according to various radiologic, cytologic, and pathological investigations, so an accurate diagnosis is difficult to achieve, either preoperatively or perioperatively. Therefore, rather than being treated with partial nephrectomy, all patients were treated aggressively with unilateral radical nephrectomy. Postoperatively, all 16 patients were followed up, from 12 to 189 months, with a mean of 58.7 months. Notably, all patients survived with no evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusions. The experience in Taiwan is generally that renal oncocytoma behaves benignly, as reported in other areas. The excellent prognosis associated with this tumor appears to indicate that partial nephrectomy may suffice for removing the tumor, while sparing other unaffected renal parenchyma.     

经腹肾癌根治术并系统性淋巴结清扫治疗肾细胞癌临床分析(附136例报告)

目的 评价经腹腔肾癌根治性肾切除术并系统性淋巴结清扫术的安全性和疗效.方法 回顾性分析2004年7月至2008年6月经腹直肌旁切口行根治性肾切除和系统性淋巴结清扫术治疗肾细胞癌136例患者的资料.男92例,女44例;年龄23～81岁,平均54岁.肿瘤最大径15～170 mm,平均55 mm.体检时B超检查发现66例(61%),以皮肤转移为首发症状者2例.术前均进行B超、CT及核素骨扫描检查,肿瘤临床分期:T1 108例,T2 14例,T3 12例,T4 2例.结果 本组手术时间90～180 min,平均120 min.出血量20～400 ml,平均50 ml.术后肠道功能恢复时间为(24±12)h,术后住院天数为(7±2)d.术后病理结果:肾透明细胞癌123例(90.4%),乳头状肾细胞癌6例(4.4%),嫌色细胞癌2例(1.4%),集合管癌2例(1.4%),其他3例(2.2%).淋巴结转移8例.T1期92例,T2期11例,T3期10例,T4期10例.95例(69.9%)获随访,随访时间6～40个月,平均20个月.1、3年生存率分别为95.8%(91/95)、86.3%(82/95).结论 系统性淋巴清扫肾癌根治术能有效切除肿瘤,可准确分期,防止局部复发,安全可靠,疗效良好.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of abdominal radical nephrectomy and systematic lymph node dissection for treatment of renal carcinoma. Methods A total of 136 patients underwent radical nephrectomy and regional clearance of lymph nodes from July 2004 to June 2008.There were 92 males and 44 females in the study group.Ages ranged from 23 to 81 years,with a mean age of 54 years.The mean tumor diameter was 55 mm (range,15-170 mm).The tumor size detected by CT and MRI was consistent with that detected by B-ultrasound,98 were stage Ⅰ,13stage Ⅱ,12 stage Ⅲ,and 2 stage Ⅳ. Results All 136 cases underwent radical nephrectomy with retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.All operations were successful without any major complication.The operative time was 90 to 180 min,with an average of 120 min,and blood loss was 20-400 ml,with an average of 50 ml.The pathological diagnoses were as follows: renal cell carcinoma 123 cases (90%), papillary renal cell carcinoma six cases(4%),chromophobic two cases(1.4%),oncocytoma two cases(1.4%),collecting duct two(1.4%),and others three cases(2.2%).Eight cases reported positive lymph nodes.Of the 136 cases,92 cases were T1 N0 M0,11 were T2 N0 M0,10 were T3 N0 M0,eight were T3 N1 M0 and two were T1 N0 M1.Ninety-five cases (70%) were followed-up at six to 40 months (mean,20 months).The one year and three year survival rates were 96% (91/95) and 86% (82/95),respectively.Conclusions Radical nephrectomy with systematic lymph dissection has advantages of accurate staging,effective resecting of renal tumors and preventing recurrence.Radical nephrectomy is an effective method for the treatment of renal carcinoma.