胃肠道肿瘤病人微量元素及相关生化指标变化的研究

本文对胃肠道癌肿病人血清和组织中多种微量元素含量及某些相关生化指进行了系统测定与研究，结果是：（１）胃肠道肿瘤病人血清中硒和超氧化物歧化酶的含量降低极为显著，Ｇｕ／Ｚｎ比值倒置，血清中铁降低；（２）术后６ｈ血清锌急骤下降，大多数微量元素了有下降；（＃）胃肠癌肿组织硒含量高于癌周，更高于正常粘膜。综合以上说明病人体内抗氧化能力明显降低，可能是肿瘤发生、发展的高危因素。     

胃癌患者血清及癌组织中硒含量的对比研究

作者对30例胃癌患者血清硒含量及其中18例胃癌组织样本硒含量的研究发现:胃癌患者的血清硒含量远远低于健康人(P<0.001),而癌组织样本的硒含量却明显高于同源正常胃壁组织(P<0.01),关于胃癌组织中硒含量测定目前报告甚少。作者认为:(1)人群中血清硒水平与胃癌的发生呈负相关。这同目前的大多数报道相同。(2)胃癌患者癌组织中硒含量高于正常胃壁表明,硒有肿瘤的趋向性和浓集现象,这给补硒抗癌研究提供了乐观的前景,对进一步研究补硒时机、补硒利弊、补硒途径及补硒量都有帮助。(3)胃癌病人硒的分布特点可能会更加导致血清硒的降低。(4)作者提醒大家注意:少数胃癌患者血清晒含量接近正常值,所以一定要注意假阴性结果的出现,甚至发生误诊。     

反复呼吸道感染与血清中微量元素锌硒关系的研究

目的:了解反复呼吸道感染与血清中微量元素锌、硒含量的关系。方法:抽全血2 ml提取血清1 ml,用日本岛津A-880原子吸收分光光度仪火焰法测定血清中微量元素锌、硒含量。结果:反复呼吸道感染患儿血清中微量元素锌、硒的含量明显低于健康儿童(P<0.05)。结论:血清中微量元素锌、硒含量降低的儿童易反复发生呼吸道感染。     

早产儿与ROP患儿外周血微量元素代谢变化及意义

目的:观察微量元素在早产儿和早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)患儿外周血中的代谢变化。方法:选择30例有ROP高危因素的早产儿作为观察组,18例正常足月新生儿(未接受氧治疗)为对照组。采用原子吸收分光光度计分别检测观察组和对照组血清中微量元素的含量,用火焰法检测血清镁、铜、锌的含量;用石墨法检测血清锰、硒的含量。结果:30例观察组的早产儿血清锌、铜、硒的含量与正常18例新生儿相比有显著差异。观察组血清锌的平均含量为(0.75±0.22)mg/L,其中ROP患儿为(0.84±0.21)mg/L,而对照组血清锌的平均含量为(0.55±0.12)mg/L,观察组的含量显著增高(P<0.01);观察组铜、硒的含量分别为(0.41±0.20)mg/L和(134.07±71.57)×10-3mg/L,其中ROP患儿分别为(0.32±0.17)mg/L和(121.74±97.54)×10-3mg/L,而对照组铜和硒的含量分别为(0.65±0.194)mg/L和(202.92±4.71)×10-3mg/L,观察组血清铜、硒含量显著下降(P<0.01)。以上微量元素含量在观察组ROP患儿中降低幅度更大,但与无ROP患儿的差异无统计学意义。两组血清中镁、锰的含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:有ROP高危因素的早产儿血清中微量元素铜和硒的含量比正常新生儿显著下降,且患有ROP的早产儿其下降幅度更大。提示早产儿体内微量元素铜、硒含量的不足有可能在ROP的发生中起着一定作用。早产儿在其新生儿期应注意血清微量元素的检查,预防铜硒的缺乏,从而降低ROP的危险因素,预防其发生。     

妊娠糖尿病患者血清中硒、锌、铜、钙含量分析

目的:检测妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者血清中微量元素硒、锌、铜、钙的含量,探讨其与GDM的关系。方法:采用原子分光光度计分别检测78例GDM孕妇和72例正常孕妇血清中硒、锌、铜和钙的含量。结果:GDM组孕妇血清中微量元素硒、锌及钙的含量明显低于正常对照组(P<0.000 1);而铜的含量,GDM组却显著高于正常对照组(P<0.000 1)。结论:微量元素硒、锌、铜、钙在GDM的发生和发展过程中具有重要的作用。GDM组孕妇体内存在微量元素的代谢紊乱,应加强孕妇的饮食指导,适时补充硒、锌、钙等。     

高海拔地区心血管疾病与微量元素硒及相关生物活性物质的临床研究

目的 :探讨微量元素硒 (Se)及相关生物活性物质在高海拔地区心血管疾病中的作用。方法 :测定 4 7例心血管疾病患者和 2 0例健康人体内血清Se、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活力 ,丙二醛 (MDA)含量及相关临床指标。结果 :心血管病组血清Se含量及GSH -Px活力显著下降 (P <0 0 1) ,MDA含量升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,心肌酶中肌酸磷酸激酶 (CK -MB)和心肌钙蛋白 (CTn -I)明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :血清Se减少时 ,高海拔地区心血管疾病患者体内存在着抗氧化能力降低和脂质过氧化反应增强。提示临床可使用亚硒酸钠和抗氧化剂     

糖尿病患者血清微量元素的含量分析

应用原子吸收分光光度法测定了51例糖尿病患者及43例正常人群血清中微量元素铬、硒、锌、铜、锰的含量。发现糖尿病患者血清铬、硒、锌、锰的含量明显低于对照组(P<0.01);铜含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结果表明体内微量元素铬、硒、锌、铜、锰的含量与糖尿病具有密切的关系。     

慢性丙型肝炎患者血液微量元素、氧应激水平及与病毒载量的关系

目的 检测慢性丙型肝炎患者血液微量元素和氧应激水平以及评估它们与丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)载量的关系.方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR检测42例未经治疗的丙型肝炎患者血清中HCV-RNA水平.原子吸收分光光度法测定其血清微量元素(铜、铁、锌、硒)浓度.分光光度法测定其血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽氧化物酶(GPX)活性.结果 慢性丙肝患者血清锌、硒水平明显低于对照组,相反铜的水平明显高于对照组.与对照组比较,慢性丙肝患者血清MDA水平显著增加,SOD和GPX活性显著下降.血液锌、硒、铜以及MDA、SOD、GPX与HCV载量相关.结论 血液锌、硒、铜以及MDA、抗氧化酶SOD和GPX对慢性丙肝感染者有重要影响,这些参数有可能作为HCV感染的生物学标志物.     

脑瘤组织微量元素Zn、Cu、Mg含量的初步分析

<正> 微量元素与癌肿的关系近年来引起人们普遍的重视,特别是 Zn 与人体癌肿发生发展的关系令人注目。缺 Zn 和高 Zn 的致癌问题意见分歧,争论颇多.微量元素与颅内肿瘤的关系则尚乏报道。笔者业已介绍过颅内肿瘤病人血清微量元素值的初步分析。本文系研究工作的第二阶段,旨在观测脑瘤组织内微量元素含量的变化,并同时测录头发和血清微量元素以资对比分析,从中找出初步规律。     

血清和癌组织硒,锌,铜与胃癌关系的研究

对９７例胃癌患者手术前、后血清和癌组织中硒、锌、铜含量进行分析，发现胃患者血清硒、锌含量明显低于对照组，血清钢和铜／锌比值明显高于对照组。血清元素变化与胃癌危险性之间有明显的剂量反应关系。胃癌组织中硒水平和铜／锌比值显著高于同源正常组织，锌显著低于正常组织。手术切除肿瘤后６周，血清硒、锌仍然低于对照组，血清钢可恢复至正常水平。铜／锌比值则随着术后体质的改善逐渐下降。提示血硒下降和铜／锌比值升高可做为胃癌诊断的重要参数。     

Analysis of Selenium Levels in Osteosarcoma Patients and the Effects of Se-Methylselenocysteine on Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro

The form of selenium appears to be important for preventing cancer in humans. Here, we evaluated selenium levels in the serum and bone tissue samples from osteosarcoma patients using atomic absorption spectrometry. The in vitro effects of Se-methylselenocysteine (Se-MSC) on growth, cell cycle status, and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells were assessed using the WST-1 assay, Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining, and flow cytometry, respectively. In osteosarcoma cases, the mean serum selenium levels in osteosarcoma tissue and normal bone were 0.08 mg/kg and 0.03 mg/kg, respectively (P < 0.05). Serum selenium levels in osteosarcoma and non-osteosarcoma cases were 0.09 mg/L and 0.08 mg/L, respectively (P > 0.05). Se-MSC-treated MG63 cells showed altered cellular morphology, decreased viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and an increase in the sub-G₁ cell population. Se-MSC also downregulated Bcl-2 expression and upregulated Bax. Se-MSC inhibited the proliferation of the drug-resistant osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2/MTX300 and enhanced the inhibitory effect of pirarubicin on MG63 cells. Our data demonstrate that selenium levels are significantly higher in osteosarcoma tissue than normal bone tissue in osteosarcoma patients. The results also support the anticancer effects of Se-MSC in osteosarcoma. Further development of Se-MSC as an ancillary chemotherapy agent in osteosarcoma is warranted.     

Selenium and thyroid cancer: a systematic review

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between blood and tissue levels of selenium and thyroid cancer through a systematic review. We searched for observational studies written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese indexed in PubMed, LILACS, and Scielo without date restriction, that evaluated the association between selenium levels in whole-blood, serum, or plasma and/or thyroid tissue and thyroid cancer, both in individuals with cancer of thyroid as in healthy individuals. Then data were extracted and analyzed. Of the 570 articles identified, five cross-sectional studies were included in the review. In one study, lower concentrations of selenium were found in whole-blood (0.543?μg/ml) and in the thyroid (0.88?μg/g) of thyroid cancer patients compared to controls. Another study showed a decrease in serum selenium concentrations in patients with follicular carcinoma and papillary types (0.077?±?0.021?μg/ml and 0.080?±?0.020?μg/ml, respectively). On the other hand, other studies showed no difference in plasma selenium content or glutathione peroxidase activity among patients and healthy volunteers. The available evidence on this issue is inconclusive. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the association between serum and/or tissue levels of selenium and the development of thyroid cancer.     

Selenium levels in human blood and tissues in health and in disease.

The levels of selenium in human sera and pancreatic, hepatic and synovial tissues were measured. An attempt was made to correlate the selenium level with certain disease states. Selenium was determined by nerutron activation analysis, using the 17.4 second half-life isotope 77mSe with a sensitivity of 2ppb. Serum-bound selenium was determined in normal individuals and individuals with various malignancies, and medical and surgical disorders. Tissue selenium was assayed in diseased and normal pancreases, livers, and synovial membranes. A wide variation was observed both in the serum selenium content of patients with a malignancy and in postmoren pancreatic and synovial showing histopathological changes. Significantly lower selenium values were observed in sera from cancer patients than from normal individuals. Higher values were generally observed in patients with primary neoplasms of the reticuloendothelial system. Higher tissue concentrations were obtained in synovia from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in pancreatic tissues associated with histopathological changes.     

宫颈癌、子宫肌瘤与微量元素间的关系研究

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了４０例宫颈癌，３０例子宫肌瘤组织和血清中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ和Ｓｒ的含量。结果表明，宫颈癌组织和血清中Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ含量和Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值明显高于非病变组织和健康人（Ｐ＜０．００１），而Ｚｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｎ和Ｓｒ含量明显低于非病变组织，Ｚｎ、Ｃａ含量明显低于健康人血清（Ｐ＜０．０２～Ｐ＜０．００１）。子宫肌瘤组织中Ｆｅ含量和血清中Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值高于非病变组织和健康人血清（Ｐ＜０．００１），而组织中Ｚｎ和血清中Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ含量明显低于非病变组织和健康人血清（Ｐ＜０．００１）。宫颈癌患者血清中Ｃｕ含量、Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值和癌组织中Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ明显高于肌瘤患者血清及肌瘤组织（Ｐ＜０．０１～Ｐ＜０．００１）。经ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ多元逐步回归分析，血清中Ｃｕ含量较高者，发生宫颈癌的危险度较高，患者血清中Ｚｎ和组织Ｓｒ含量较高者，发生宫颈癌的危险度较低，Ｃｕ可能是诱发宫颈癌的危险因素。Ｚｎ、Ｓｒ可能是宫颈癌的保护因素。此外，血清中Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值测定对宫颈癌诊断阳性率为７２％，可作为宫颈癌诊断、鉴别指标之一。     

北京地区肺癌患者血硒水平研究 II.肺癌患者血硒水平及影响因素分析

对北京地区１００例肺癌患者及１００例健康对照血清硒水平影响因素的研究表明：肺癌患得血清硒水平显著低于健康人群；肺癌患者血清硒水平与病变范围呈负相关、与吸烟指数呈负相关、与患者的营养状态呈正相关，病情加重时血清硒含量下降，病情缓解时血清硒含量回升。提示肺癌患者的低硒状态主要由肺癌本身引起，吸烟可以加重肺癌患者的低硒状态。     

癌症患者血中微量元素与氧化应激的相关研究

目的 :研究癌症患者血中微量元素变化与氧化应激的相关关系。方法 :测定了 1 1 1例癌症病人和 3 6例健康对照血清中 MDA浓度 (作脂质过氧化指标 ) ,微量元素铜、锌、铁、硒及其转运蛋白铜蓝蛋白、白蛋白和转铁蛋白浓度。测定了抗氧化标志物 XOD、GSH、GSHPx、Vit E、Vit C浓度和总抗氧化力水平。结果 :癌症患者脂质过氧化水平 (以 MDA计 )明显高于对照 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,总抗氧化力明显低于对照 (P<0 .0 0 1 )。抗氧化标志物 XOD、GSH、GSHPx、Vit E和Vit C无明显变化。癌症患者血清白蛋白浓度明显降低 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,血清铜蓝蛋白浓度明显增高 (P<0 .0 2 ) ,血清转铁蛋白浓度未发现有所改变 (P>0 .2 0 )。同健康对照比较 ,血清铜水平明显增高 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,血清硒水平明显降低 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,但锌和铁水平无显著变化。癌症患者血中铜和 MDA之间呈明显相关 (r=0 .2 81 ,P=0 .0 0 3 ) ,但健康对照间未发现相关性存在。另外 ,肝癌患者血清铁和 MDA存在相关关系 (r=0 .6 80 ,P=0 .0 0 1 )。结论 :癌症患者氧化应激和某些微量元素呈相关变化 ,然而 ,其变化情况可因癌肿、癌症分期以及癌症患者个体因素的不同而有所差异     

北京地区肺癌患者及健康人血硒水平研究

本文通过对北京地区１００例肺癌患者、１５１倒健康对照血清硒和３４例肺癌患者及３６例对照血浆硒和红细胞硒的研究表明：对年龄、性别、吸烟习惯诸因素分析之后，肺癌患者血清和血浆硒显著低于健康对照组，而红细胞硒含量与对照组无差异。据此，作者认为，肺癌患者的低硒状态是癌作用的结果。     

Serum selenium level and prostate cancer: a case-control study

Selenium is a potential chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer. This study sought to evaluate and compare the serum selenium level in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and noncancerous patients. Between 2005 and 2006, this prospective case-control study was performed on patients referred to Sina and Imam University hospitals, Tehran, Iran; it included 62 men with clinicopathologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer (case group) and 68 men with no detectable prostate cancer [normal digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level] or any other malignant disease (control group). The serum selenium level was assessed using Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (Varian Company, Australia). The mean serum selenium level in the case and control group was 66.3 +/- 17.7 microg/l and 77.5 +/- 22.5 microg/l, respectively (P = 0.002). Serum selenium was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk. After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), and smoking, the odds ratio was 0.16 and 95% confidence intervals were 0.06 to 0.47 (P trendq = 0.001) comparing the highest with the lowest tertile (> or = 89.3 microg/l). No correlation was observed between serum selenium level and age, BMI, or PSA level. In conclusion, serum selenium levels in prostate cancer cases were lower than in controls, which supports the hypothesis that selenium may protect against prostate cancer.     

Changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant trace elements in serum of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer

This study investigated serum lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, and trace element levels in Korean women as related to uterine cervical neoplasia. Twenty-eight subjects had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 36 had invasive cervical cancer, as determined by a colposcopically directed biopsy, and controls included 44 subjects with normal colposcopic findings. Significantly lower selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) levels and higher copper/Zn ratios were found in both CIN and cancer patients compared with the controls. Serum malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly in the order CIN>cancer>control, implying the involvement of reactive oxygen species at the precancerous stage, that is, prior to progression into invasive cervical cancer. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly lower in patients with CIN or cancer than controls, and total antioxidant ability decreased from controls to CIN to cancer (P < 0.0001). This study demonstrated the involvement of lipid peroxidation, decreased Se and Zn levels, and an impaired serum antioxidant system in the pathogenesis of cervical dysplasia. Further research is needed to examine the possibility of an effective chemopreventive treatment in cervical cancer based on enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system.