影响ⅢＢ～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者放化疗后生存的临床因素分析

目的 探讨影响ⅢＢ～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者放化疗后生存的临床因素以及化疗方案的选择对预后的影响。方法 收集1999~2005年经诊治的62例经病理学或细胞学证实的ⅢＢ～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌病例,全组病例均采用化、放、化疗的"夹心"治疗。化疗方案采用第二代的MVP、IVP、EP、VDS+DDP方案和第三代的NP、TP、GP方案。放疗均采用60Coγ射线常规外照射,剂量为65～76 Gy（未行肺校正）。部分Ⅳ期病例因脑转移或椎骨转移压迫脊髓而需首先照射脑或脊椎。用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Logrank法行单因素检验,Cox模式行多因素分析。结果 1年生存率44.54%,2年生存率7.66%。中位生存10.75个月。不论是单因素检验或Cox模式多因素分析均显示患者的疾病分期、PS状态和治疗前体重减轻对患者生存期的影响有显著意义,在单因素检验时还显示化疗方案的选择和近期疗效影响患者的生存,而与患者的年龄、病理类型关系不大。结论 影响ⅢＢ～Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者放化疗后生存的重要因素是疾病分期、PS状态和治疗前体重减轻;化疗方案的选择对预后的影响仍需继续做更多的临床研究。     

非小细胞肺癌脑转移低分割放疗疗效分析

目的评价非小细胞肺癌脑转移放射治疗中全脑照射的作用，分析生存预后因素。方法对93例非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者进行放射治疗，其中68例先行全脑照射（全脑照射组），然后行局部三维适形低分割放疗；25例只行三维适形低分割放疗（低分割组）。用Kaplan-meier法统计生存率及局部控制率，以Cox比例风险模型分析影响患者生存的预后因素。结果全脑照射组中位生存时间14个月，1、2年生存率分别为50％、27％；低分割组中位生存时间12个月，l、2年生存率分别为45％、15％；两组无显著差异性（10g-rank，P=0．502）。全脑照射组与低分割组1年颅脑局部控制率分别为90％、70％，两组有显著差异（P=0．028）。多因素分析提示颅外活动性病灶（P=0．002）、KPS评分（P=0．034）是影响生存的独立预后因素。结论非小细胞肺癌脑转移三维适形放疗联合全脑照射无生存得益，而有助于提高局部控制率。     

70岁以上老年非小细胞肺癌患者的综合预后分析

目的 探讨影响70岁以上老年非小细胞肺癌( NSCLC)患者预后生存的因素.方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2006年12月收治的361例70岁以上老年NSCLC患者的临床资料,随访生存情况,分析年龄、性别、吸烟状况、Karnofsky评分(KPS)、TNM分期、病理类型、治疗方式、合并症情况(Charlson合并症指数CCI)等因素,对老年非小细胞肺癌患者生存期的影响.结果 全组患者平均年龄(73.4±3.1)岁(70 ～86岁),确诊肺癌后中位生存期34.0个月(0.3 ～83.0个月),5年生存率34.1％.对年龄、性别、病理类型、是否吸烟、KPS、TNM分期、治疗方式、是否伴有合并症等预后因素进行单因素分析,结果显示:TNM分期、治疗方式、KPS、是否伴有合并症与预后相关.Cox多因素分析显示TNM分期、有无合并症、治疗方式是影响患者生存及预后的独立因素.结论 TNM分期、治疗方式、合并症等多种因素影响70岁以上老年NSCLC患者的预后生存.老年肺癌患者多伴有合并症,重视并积极控制合并症,有助于改善预后,延长生存.     

1523例非小细胞肺癌外科治疗的多因素预后分析

目的总结分析外科治疗非小细胞肺癌的多种相关预后因素,以规范非小细胞肺癌的治疗和提高其远期疗效。方法对1991年至2003年我院手术治疗的1523例非小细胞肺癌回顾性临床分析。结果1523例NSCLC中502例Ⅰ期的5年生存率55．03％,378例Ⅱ期41．24％,598例Ⅲ期19．23％,45例Ⅳ期肺癌4．36％,689例NO肺癌的5年生存率49．97％,401例N1的23．18％,406例N2的18．44％,27例N3无5年生存,1年生存率仅21．82％,992例鳞癌的5年生存率42．97％,403例腺癌的26．32％,差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论分期因素,尤其是N因素和病理类型是肺癌预后的最重要相关因素,综合治疗尤其是新辅助化疗有新的前景。     

可手术非小细胞肺癌的预后相关因素分析

目的：探讨可手术非小细胞肺癌的临床预后因素。方法对115例确诊为非小细胞肺癌并接受手术治疗患者的临床特点、生存期及预后因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果115例患者中位生存时间为32.7个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为56％、40％、37％。单因素分析显示临床分期、是否合并肺气肿、淋巴结转移数和消化道反应分级是可手术非小细胞肺癌的预后因素。 Cox多因素分析显示TNM分期、淋巴结转移数和化疗方案是可手术非小细胞肺癌的独立预后因素。结论 TNM分期、淋巴结转移数和化疗方案是影响可手术非小细胞肺癌预后的重要因素,可为判断预后提供可靠的理论依据。     

老年非小细胞肺癌的外科治疗分析

目的分析老年非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者术前危险因素,探讨围手术期的治疗措施,减少手术后的并发症,以提高手术疗效。方法系统回顾性分析我院38例NSCLC患者的临床资料,术前每个单危险因素对术后各种并发症的发生进行系统分析,有统计学意义的用SPSS软件进行统计分析,多因素分析用Logistic回归分析。结果吸烟、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、高血压、冠心病、陈旧性肺结核,以及手术方式、肿瘤分期,均是老年非小细胞肺癌术后并发症的独立危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论正确的术前分期和评估,详细完善的围手术期准备,对老年非小细胞肺癌的外科治疗具有较好的治疗效果。     

培美曲塞治疗老年中晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床效果

目的：观察培美曲赛单药治疗老年中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和不良反应。方法：总结分析于本院诊治2008—2009年26例老年（70～81岁）ⅢA-Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者接受培美曲赛单药化疗2周期后行临床疗效和不良反应。结果：完全缓解（CR）0例，部分缓解（PR）6例，总有效率为23．08％，疾病稳定（SD）11例，疾病进展（PD）9例。全组毒性不良反应较轻，主要为骨髓抑制，可耐受。结论：培关曲赛治疗老年非小细胞肺癌疗效较好，不良反应轻，可明显改善老年患者生存质量。     

非小细胞肺癌临床病理因素与预后的相关性分析

目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌患者临床病理因素与预后的相关性。方法550例可手术切除的I～IIIB期非小细胞肺癌患者进行生存分析及生存率的计算。单因素生存分析用Kaplan-Meier法及Log-rank法检验;利用Cox比例风险模型进行多因素分析。结果性别、手术路径、手术术式、T分期、病理类型、有无脉管瘤栓、淋巴结分期、TNM分期及复发转移9个临床病理因素与患者的预后密切相关（均 P＜0.05）;而年龄、血型、切缘情况、分化程度、有无胸膜侵犯、肿块位置与预后关系不大（均 P＞0.05）。COX多因素分析得出：手术术式、复发转移、T分期、淋巴结分期是影响预后的独立因素（均 P＜0.05）。结论手术术式、复发转移、T分期、淋巴结分期是影响非小细胞肺癌预后的独立因素。     

中医药干预老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的生存研究

目的:探讨接受中医药干预的老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的生存状况及其预后的影响因素.方法:回顾性分析103例接受中医药干预持续3个月及以上的老年(年龄≥65岁)晚期(ⅢB或Ⅳ期)非小细胞肺癌患者的临床资料,利用SPSS 16.0统计软件COX回归模型分析年龄、性别、病理、临床分期、合并症、治疗方法、中医药干预持续时间等预后...     

周围型非小细胞肺癌的病理特征及手术方法探讨

目的探讨直径为1cm以下非小细胞肺癌患者的临床病理特征及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析60例直径小于1cm非小细胞肺癌行根治性手术切除后的I临床特点和结果。结果平均年龄为63．4岁,其中男性31名和女性29名。临床分期：Ia期53例（88％）,Ⅱa期2例（3％）,Ⅲa期5例（8％）。31例行肺叶切除,19例行肺段切除,10例行楔形切除,均系统性淋巴结清扫,术后分期Ia期51例（85％）,Ⅱa期1例（2％）,Ⅲa期3例（5％）,1Ib期3例（5％）,Ⅳ期1例（2％）。结论非小细胞肺癌患者不应仅根据肿瘤大小来选择是否系统淋巴结清扫,在肿瘤直径超过1cm前可能就需要手术干预。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.