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1.
维护和增进军人心理健康,不仅仅是临床心理学或医学心理学问题,而且是涉及军人社会生活实践的各个方面的问题,如人际关系、适应环境、认识客观世界等.人心理的健康发展应该是人心理构成要素的全面、协调发展,也就是说影响军人心理健康的因素很多,心理障碍的发生是多种要素综合作用的结果.因此,维护军人心理健康应该实施综合干预措施,现将具体措施介绍如下.  相似文献   

2.
综合心理干预对装甲部队官兵心理健康的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
<正>装甲部队转场实弹训练是重要的贴近实战的军事模拟训练课目。训练中,装甲车内狭小的工作环境,恶劣的训练环境和紧张而艰苦的训练任务会对参训官兵的生理和心理状  相似文献   

3.
未来高科技战争和各种抢险救灾突发事件给救护工作带来了新的挑战和压力,为适应其需要,我院组建了“动态模拟救护队”。在对救护人员进行动态救护训练的同时,探讨了综合心理干预对救护队员这一特殊群体心理健康水平的影响,为提高救护队员的心理健康水平寻求有效的方法和途径。  相似文献   

4.
军人心理健康与调适   总被引:8,自引:4,他引:4  
1 心理健康的新理念 关于健康的概念,世界卫生组织(WHO)在1948年成立之初,就在宪章中将健康定义为:“健康乃是一种生理、心理和社会适应都臻完满(well-being)的状态,而不仅仅是没有疾病和虚弱的状态。”  相似文献   

5.
1心理健康的新理念 关于健康的概念,世界卫生组织(WHO)在1948年成立之初,就在宪章中将健康定义为:"健康乃是一种生理、心理和社会适应都臻完满(well-being)的状态,而不仅仅是没有疾病和虚弱的状态."  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨综合心理干预对军队献血者焦虑状态及献血反应的影响。方法:将194例军队献血者随机分为干预组和对照组, 在献血前2小时对干预组实施综合干预,对照组只观看献血宣传材料。用状态特质焦虑量表评定两组的状态焦虑水平,并观察献 血后的反应。结果:干预组的状态焦虑水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);干预组的献血反应发生率低于对照组,但未达到统计学显 著水平(P>0.05)。多元逐步回归分析表明,特质焦虑分数、心理干预及对献血知识的了解程度均对献血前的状态焦虑有影响。结 论:在献血前实施综合干预可改善献血者献血前的焦虑状态,降低献血反应发生率。  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨综合心理干预对新入伍学员训练伤发生率的影响。方法将2004名新人伍学员随机分为心理干预组和对照组。在新入伍学员训练期间,对对照组进行常规的生理卫生教育和监督,对心理干预组在常规教育、监督的基础上进行综合心理干预;利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自测量表(SAS)及抑郁自测量表(SDS),在训练开始和结束时(训练后),测定两组心理状态,统计各组训练伤发生情况。结果训练前两组SCL-90各因子分比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。训练后心理干预组在SCL-90躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等因子分及SAS、SDS总分明显低于列照组(P〈0.01)。心理干预组训练伤中的软组织损伤、骨关节损伤、训练伤总发生率均明显低于对照组(P〈0.01)。结论适当的综合心理干预对新入伍学员训练伤的预防有积极作用。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨综合心理干预对新入伍学员训练伤发生率的影响。方法将2004名新入伍学员随机分为心理干预组和对照组。在新入伍学员训练期间,对对照组进行常规的生理卫生教育和监督,对心理干预组在常规教育、监督的基础上进行综合心理干预;利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自测量表(SAS)及抑郁自测量表(SDS),在训练开始和结束时(训练后),测定两组心理状态,统计各组训练伤发生情况。结果训练前两组SCL-90各因子分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。训练后心理干预组在SCL-90躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等因子分及SAS、SDS总分明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。心理干预组训练伤中的软组织损伤、骨关节损伤、训练伤总发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论适当的综合心理干预对新入伍学员训练伤的预防有积极作用。  相似文献   

9.
<正>随着信息化条件下高技术战争不断升级和突发事件不断发生,军人心理危机的发生成为一个不可回避的问题。笔者所在医院成立的全军心理卫生指导中心积极落实三级预防的指导思想,创新了综合干预模式,将军人心理危机干预扩展到院前、院中和院后三个层面,有效降低了军人心理危机的发生,并实现了军人心理疾病的快速诊治。具体做法如下。1建立心理危机干预体系,形成快速有效的心理服务模式1.1构建军人心理危机干预体系根据现阶段军队执行各  相似文献   

10.
为探讨专业救援部队在参加救灾后的心理危机干预方案,我们对专业救援部队93名官兵及现场报道的40名记者用精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行了测查。现分析报告如下。1对象和方法1.1对象第一批赶到救灾现场的经过严格训练的专业救援部队官兵93名,均为男性;年龄18—33岁,平均(22.5±3.3)岁。中央电视台参加现场报道的记者40名,  相似文献   

11.
目的探讨特种兵心理健康与状态-特质焦虑、个性、应对的相关性,为特种兵心理健康教育和心理素质训练提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取460名某部特种兵,应用一般情况问卷、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、应对方式问卷、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)实施团体测试。结果特种兵SCL-90总分与中国军人常模无显著性差异,躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌对、恐怖因子分显著高于中国军人常模(P<0.01或P<0.05);EPQ中EPQ-P、EPQ-N因子分显著低于国内军人常模,EPQ-L因子分显著高于常模(P<0.01);应对方式中解决问题、求助因子分显著高于军人常模(P<0.01),自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子分显著低于军人常模(P<0.01);状态焦虑、特质焦虑分均显著高于国内常模。相关分析显示,SCL-90总均分与EPQ因子分中EPQ-P、EPQ-N及应对方式中不成熟应对方式(自责、幻想、退避)和混合型应对方式(合理化)呈显著正相关(P<0.01);与EPQ因子分中EPQ-E、EPQ-L呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。回归分析显示,对特种兵SCL-90总分有显著性影响的因素由大到小依次为状态焦虑、EPQ-N、合理化、特质焦虑。4个变量的决定系数R2=0.746,对方程检验,F=51.52,P=0.00。结论特种兵总体心理健康状况与国内一般军人相当,心理健康受到个性、应对方式、状态-特质焦虑等中介变量的综合影响,其中保持适度可控的焦虑情绪是维持心理健康的重要因素。  相似文献   

12.

Background

Pharmaceutical interventions may have an impact on different treatment aspects, such as therapy adherence, reducing the number of different medications in use and lowering treatment costs.

Objective

Identify pharmaceutical interventions in the mental health field and their possible application in Brazilian public mental health services, considering the evidence-based model to establish implementation options.

Methods

A structured search of the literature was performed in the Pubmed (Medline), Cochrane, PsycINFO and Lilacs databases to identify the main pharmaceutical intervention studies conducted in the mental health area. The articles selected were evaluated according to the quality of the evidence. The current laws and public database were researched to collect information on services and procedures provided by the Brazilian units, known as CAPS, and the number the pharmacists allocated to them. The proposal to synthesize the results of pharmaceutical interventions in Brazil was based on SUPPORT methodology items to prepare evidence-based policies.

Results

A total of 1442 studies were identified, 18 of which were included. Several interventions are reported in the literature, educational interventions being frequently cited. However, there is a need for further studies with more methodological rigor. The number of pharmacists working in the CAPS is insufficient to cover all the services, since only 26.5% of CAPS employ pharmacists, who work an average of 29 (±11.1) hours a week. Three options were formulated to implement interventions in the Brazilian context that consider including pharmacists on the basic team of CAPS professionals and educational interventions through pharmacist training.

Conclusions

The present study could support the establishment of health policies, based on a synthesis of the evidence, contextualization of the current situation, given the absence of local evidence, and a discussion of the options available to implement pharmaceutical interventions in the Brazilian health system. Organizational changes in CAPS are needed to broaden pharmacist participation on the multidisciplinary team.  相似文献   

13.
目的探索心理干预对官兵心理疾病及事故案件发生率。方法采用随机整群抽样法,对2 810名官兵进行严密组织、有计划、有内容较系统的心理健康教育,心理咨询、心理疏导,对干预前、后官兵采用CCM D-Ⅲ诊断标准进行诊断及比较其事故案件发生率。结果经心理干预后的官兵心理疾病发病率及因此而造成的事故案件均明显降低。结论严谨的心理干预,可提高官兵的心理健康水平,减少心理疾病和事故案件的发生率。  相似文献   

14.
目的研究影响心理柔韧性的个体因素的差异性及与应激关系。方法采用心理弹性量表(CDRISC)、团体用心理应激调查表(PSSG)对坑道作业第15天的军人394名进行兵龄、文化程度及成长环境与心理柔韧性的差异性及与应激的相关性研究。结果心理柔韧性水平的维度:乐观性7.91±2.53,力量22.80±4.81,坚韧性31.15±7.36;心理柔韧性各维度3年军龄者显著高于2年和1年军龄的军人;高中学历者坚韧性和力量高于专科以上学历者;城镇军人心理柔韧性及乐观性高于农村官兵。心理柔韧性各维度与应激存在显著负相关,乐观性r=-0.250,力量r=-0.233,坚韧性r=-0.303。结论心理柔韧性受长时间和成长环境等多重因素影响,提高之能够提高心理应激水平。  相似文献   

15.
消化性溃疡主要是指发生在胃和十二指肠球部的慢性溃疡,其发生率及复发率高,给患者造成身心痛苦。因此,护理工作在消化性溃疡治疗中显得尤为重要。我们对收治的军人消化性溃疡患者,进行相关行为调查,旨在依据患者的需求,采取针对性护理,提高患者自我保健能力,改善生活质量。1对  相似文献   

16.
17.
Background Crohn’s disease is characterised by recurrent flare‐ups alternating with periods of remission. A number of interventions are currently used in clinical practice to try and maintain remission in Crohn’s disease but the evidence base for some of them may be questionable. Aim To review the available evidence on interventions, which are currently used to maintain remission in Crohn’s disease. Methods The Cochrane Library and Medline (Pubmed) were searched for level 1 evidence on specific interventions. Search terms included ‘Crohn’s disease or synonyms’, ‘remission or synonyms’ and the names of specific interventions. Results Azathioprine, infliximab and adalimumab are effective at maintaining remission in Crohn’s disease. Natalizumab is also effective, but there are concerns about its potential association with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Long‐term enteral nutritional supplementation, enteric‐coated omega‐3 fatty acids and intramuscular methotrexate may also be effective but the evidence for these is based on relatively small studies. The available evidence does not support the use of oral 5‐aminosalicylates agents, corticosteroids, anti‐mycobacterial agents, probiotics or ciclosporin as maintenance therapy in Crohn’s disease. Conclusion A better understanding of the evidence base of existing interventions could result in the use of treatments, which are more likely to lead to improved patient outcomes.  相似文献   

18.
ObjectiveThis study aims to identify key process variables that are associated with changes in alcohol consumption and mental health symptoms over 12 months following personality-targeted interventions in youth.Method154 high-risk youth (aged 12–13 years) in 7 Montreal high schools were identified using the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale and participated in personality-matched interventions. Preliminary process variables were identified using a combination of psychotherapy process variables and youth-generated (qualitative) feedback immediately post-intervention.ResultsLearning, skill development and a positive group experience were key to positive behavioural change. Youth-generated feedback independently accounted for 12–25% of the variance in the change in alcohol use and mental health symptoms over 12 months. Changes in cognitive distortions and self-esteem accounted for somewhat less of the variance in alcohol use (0–9%), but a moderate-to-large portion of the variance in changes in mental health symptoms (up to 44%).ConclusionsThe study findings highlight candidate process variables relevant to future implementations of this program that might inform change processes relevant to brief interventions with youth more generally. This study suggests that youth experiences can indicate proximal measures of program efficacy, and has implications for the dissemination of this brief intervention program.Clinical Trial registered on www.ClinicalTrials.gov, “Does Delaying Adolescent Substance Use Lead to Improved Cognitive Function and Reduce Risk for Addiction”, study NCT01655615.  相似文献   

19.
目的:揭示苯丙胺类兴奋剂(ATS)依赖者心理渴求与身心健康的关系。方法:使用《苯丙胺类依赖者调查问卷》(自制)、《苯丙胺渴求量表》(DSQ)、《贝克抑郁自评量表》(BDI-13)、《状态—特质焦虑量表》(STAI)、《健康状况调查简表》(SF-36)、《体育活动等级量表》(PARS-3),对上海强制隔离戒毒所ATS依赖者227人(男105,女122)进行调查和简单体质测量。数据全部导入SPSS20.0软件,进行描述性统计、多元逐步回归分析,通过AMOS21.0建立结构方程模型路径分析。结果:影响ATS依赖者心理渴求的各因素,标准化直接效应值精神健康总评为-0.336(负向关系),强制戒毒次数为0.300,抑郁为0.220;标准化间接效应值躯体健康总评为-0.148(负向关系),依赖年限为0.189,状态焦虑为0.088,特质焦虑为0.081。结论:不良情绪、精神状态、躯体健康与ATS依赖者药物心理渴求存在关联,改善依赖者不良情绪、精神状态、躯体健康可能减轻ATS依赖者心理渴求。  相似文献   

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