缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞的氪离子激光治疗

目的 探讨缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞的氪离子激光治疗的疗效.方法 回顾性分析我院应用氪激光全视网膜光凝治疗的缺血型中央静脉阻塞102眼的临床资料.结果 102眼缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞中73眼有效,占71.56%;27眼好转,占26.47%;2眼因玻璃体出血,继发新生血管性青光眼或并发白内障失明而无效,占1.97%.结论 对于缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞的患者应尽早实行全视网膜光凝术治疗,确保有效光斑的总数与密度是全视网膜光凝术成功的关键.     

氪红激光凝治疗增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变

目的;观察氪红激光光凝治疗增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变的疗效。方法：对患有增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变伴有屈光间质混浊或轻度玻璃体积血的147例209眼进行了氪红激光全视网膜光凝治疗。结果：患者治疗前和治疗后视力无明显差异（P＞0．05）。全视网膜光凝术后视盘和视网膜的新生血管部分消退。结论：氪激光光凝对于那些氩激光无法治疗的伴有屈光间质混浊或轻度玻璃体积血的增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变是有效的治疗方法,可使新生血管消退,有效地防止再出血的发生。     

视网膜中央静脉阻塞继发青光眼的治疗

目的探讨氩激光超全视网膜光凝治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞（CRVO）继发青光眼的疗效。方法2005年1月至2009年9月间住院和门诊就诊的CRVO继发青光眼21例（21只眼）患者,选择性进行超全视网膜光凝术,每只眼1300～1600点,分2—3次完成,随访疗效。观察眼压及新生血管消退情况。结果超全视网膜光凝21只眼,随访2个月至2年,眼压得到控制17只眼,2只眼发生了玻璃体积血,再行玻璃体切割手术联合全视网膜光凝术,1只眼行小梁切除手术,另1只眼行睫状体光凝术,术后患者眼压均得到控制。结论氩激光超全视网膜光凝术治疗CRVO继发青光眼安全、有效。     

缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞全视网膜光凝的疗效观察

目的探讨全视网膜光凝治疗缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2005年4月我院收治的缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞共68例68眼,其中行532 nm激光全视网膜光凝治疗40眼(激光组),28眼末行532 nm激光全视网膜光凝(对照组),观察对比两组初、末诊视力,新生血管及新生血管性青光眼等并发症情况。随访时间均在8个月以上,平均随访11±2.3个月。结果两组末次随访视力、虹膜新生血管及新生血管性青光眼等并发症发生率有所不同,但比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论缺血性CRVO严重损害患者视力,需要积极治疗,全视网膜光凝对于对于预防虹膜新生血管及新生血管性青光眼的疗效不确切。     

经巩膜二极管激光睫状体光凝术后交感性眼炎二例

缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞容易发生新生血管性青光眼,睫状体光凝术和冷冻术是治疗新生血管性青光眼的有效方法,关于睫状体光凝或冷冻术后发生交感性眼炎的报告较少见,尤其是二极管激光睫状体光凝术后还未见发生交感性眼炎的报道.我们报告2例如下:     

缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞行全光凝后的远期疗效观察

目的 探讨全光凝联合格栅样光凝治疗缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞后新生血管和黄斑水肿的远期疗效。方法 对56例(58只眼)缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞伴有新生血管和黄斑水肿的息眼采用全光凝和格栅样光凝进行光凝治疗。光凝后经平均随访18个月，对比分析光凝前后的荧光素眼底血管造影、视力、眼压变化情况。结果 治疗后有效45只眼，占77．6％；好转9只眼，占15．5％；治疗后视力进步者37只眼，占63．8％；无变化者15只眼，占25．9％；减退者6只眼，占10．3％。结论 全光凝和格栅样光凝术对缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞新生血管性青光眼的预防及黄斑水肿的消退具有显著疗效。     

缺血性视网膜中央静脉阻塞经全视网膜光凝术后视网膜血管的收缩

缺血性视网膜中央静脉阻塞经全视网膜光凝术后视网膜血管的收缩上海第二医科大学附属瑞金医院眼科原艳波，王康孙全视网膜光凝术目前仍被认为是治疗缺血性视网膜中央静脉阻塞的有效方法，它能有效预防虹膜和房角新生血管的产生，预防新生血管性青光眼的发生，其作用机理可...     

氩激光治疗视网膜静脉阻塞57例临床分析

目的:分析57例氩激光光凝治疗视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion, RVO)的临床疗效。方法:随访我院57例被确诊为视网膜静脉阻塞并经氩激光光凝治疗后的患者,观察患者的视力、眼底改变以及并发症情况并评价氩激光光凝治疗视网膜静脉阻塞的临床价值。激光治疗方法分为黄斑区格栅样光凝,局灶性视网膜光凝及全视网膜光凝。结果：经氩绿激光光凝治疗57例后3~6mo给予复查：末次随访视力提高23眼,视力无明显变化25眼,视力下降9眼;激光治疗后复查荧光素眼底血管造影 (观察视网膜毛细血管无灌注区面积变化及新生血管消退情况),治疗有效54眼, 3眼发展为新生血管性青光眼(NVG)。而激光光凝对于黄斑部晚期并发症无明显效果。结论：激光光凝治疗可提高中心视力,可促进视网膜水肿、出血、渗出的吸收,同时减少视网膜静脉阻塞引起的新生血管,对于预防并延缓增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和继发性新生血管性青光眼的发生有明显效果。     

氩激光光凝治疗视网膜静脉阻塞疗效观察

本文对氩激光光凝治疗视网膜静脉阻塞６０例（６０只眼）进行回顾性的疗效分析，结果５１例有效，显示视网膜光凝可以使已形成的新生血管消失与缩小，减少玻璃体出血，降低了因缺氧而产生新生血管的可能性，预防新生血管性青光眼等严重并发症的发生。本文探讨了ＲＶＯ的视网膜凝机制，治疗时间及影响疗效的因素。     

氩激光治疗视网膜静脉阻塞57例

目的:分析57例氩激光光凝治疗视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion, RVO)的临床疗效。方法:随访我院57例被确诊为视网膜静脉阻塞并经氩激光光凝治疗后的患者,观察患者的视力、眼底改变以及并发症情况并评价氩激光光凝治疗视网膜静脉阻塞的临床价值。激光治疗方法分为黄斑区格栅样光凝,局灶性视网膜光凝及全视网膜光凝。结果:经氩绿激光光凝治疗57例后3～6mo给予复查:末次随访视力提高23眼,视力无明显变化25眼,视力下降9眼;激光治疗后复查荧光素眼底血管造影 (观察视网膜毛细血管无灌注区面积变化及新生血管消退情况),治疗有效54眼, 3眼发展为新生血管性青光眼(NVG)。而激光光凝对于黄斑部晚期并发症无明显效果。结论:激光光凝治疗可提高中心视力,可促进视网膜水肿、出血、渗出的吸收,同时减少视网膜静脉阻塞引起的新生血管,对于预防并延缓增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和继发性新生血管性青光眼的发生有明显效果。     

Study of clinical applications and safety for Pascal® laser photocoagulation in retinal vascular disorders

Purpose: To establish safe laser parameter standards for 10–30 ms Pascal^® laser in clinical practice and to evaluate clinical and visual outcomes using this 532‐nm multi‐spot photocoagulation system. Methods: Retrospective observational case series of 313 patients treated between 2006 and 2008. Evaluation of eight groups: A – panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR); B – focal laser treatment for clinically significant diabetic macular oedema; C – grid laser for diffuse diabetic macular oedema; D – sector PRP for ischaemic branch retinal vein occlusions (I‐BRVO); E – full PRP for ischaemic central retinal vein occlusions (I‐CRVO); F – macular laser treatment for macular oedema secondary to non‐ischaemic BRVO; G – full PRP for rubeosis iridis and/or neovascular glaucoma (NVG) secondary to I‐BRVO, I – CRVO or PDR; H – laser retinopexy for retinal breaks/degenerations. Results: Mean LogMAR visual acuity for all procedures improved postlaser (p = 0.065), and laser prevented visual loss in 85% eyes. Topical anaesthesia was only required. At mean follow‐up of 5 months, 72% procedures had a successful clinical outcome. Significantly higher powers were required for PRP using Pascal^® compared to conventional laser (p = 0.001) in PDR, I‐BRVO, I‐CRVO and NVG. Sixty‐seven per cent of patients (15/20) were successfully treated with single‐session 20‐ms PRP using a mean 1952 burns. There were no laser‐associated adverse effects or ocular complications associated with multi‐spot PRP or macular Pascal^® arrays. Conclusions: The clinical efficacy using 10‐ to 30‐ms pulse duration Pascal^® laser is comparable to conventional standard protocols used for the treatment of vascular retinal disorders. Higher power, 10‐ to 30‐ms pulse duration laser may be safely and effectively used in clinical practice.     

氩激光治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞的时机探讨

目的:探讨氩激光治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)的时机。方法:根据CRVO发病后至接受激光治疗的时间不同分为3组,A组为CRVO发生后4~8wk共23例23眼,B组为CRVO发生后12~16wk共9例9眼,C组为CRVO发生20wk以后共6例6眼。激光治疗方法分为黄斑区格栅样光凝,局灶性视网膜光凝及全视网膜光凝。结果:2a后A组视力>0.3者为17眼占74%;B组视力>0.3者为4眼占44%;C组视力>0.3者仅1眼占17%,2例发展成为新生血管性青光眼(NVG)。结论:CRVO发生后早期光凝治疗对视力的恢复有较好的效果,晚期光凝治疗主要是预防并发症的发生。     

严重PDR玻璃体切除术和全视网膜光凝的视力对比

目的：观察严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR）患者玻璃体手术和全视网膜光凝的视力对比。方法：将我院93例严重PDR患者随机分为两组,一组接受玻璃体切除＋剥膜＋全视网膜光凝＋黄斑光凝;另一组接受全视网膜光凝＋黄斑光凝,随访1a。结果：术后1a,第一组,视力提高12眼（27.9%）,不变11眼（25.6%）,下降20眼（46.5%）。第二组,提高14眼（28.0%）,不变24眼（48.0%）,下降12眼（24.0%）。两组间视力提高比例无差异。但不变和下降比例差异有显著意义。结论：对于严重的PDR患者,玻璃体切除术可能会带来更高视力下降的风险。     

糖尿病视网膜病变全视网膜光凝术后中长期随诊结果

目的：进一步了解糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)全视网膜光凝术(PRP)后中、长期随诊的激光量和疗效的临床结果。方法：63例增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)PRP术后随诊12—132个月(平均43．2个月)的临床资料回顾分析。结果：63例PDR患者PRP术的平均视网膜光凝斑总数975个。视力改变：提高者占24．2％，不变者占35％，下降者占40．8％。主要晚期并发症是程度不等的玻璃体视网膜纤维膜形成及少数病例(4例5只眼)发生1—3次不同程度的玻璃体出血。结论：PDR眼病例PRP术后中、长随诊的激光量——平均总视网膜光斑数1000个左右；60％的病例视力保持不变或改善，40％的病例视力下降，病情控制。强调了适宜的视网膜光凝范围、适宜的激光波长和适宜的视网膜有效光斑是PRP术成功的关键。还讨论了DR激光治疗后视力下降的因素和主要晚期并发症。     

Neovascular glaucoma following central retinal vein obstruction

The results of a prospective clinical and fluorescein angiographic study of 155 patients with central retinal vein obstruction (CRVO) were analyzed to identify risk factors contributing to the subsequent development of iris neovascularization (NVI) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Of 144 untreated eyes, 20% developed NVG. The eyes were classified as having either an ischemic or a hyperpermeable type of CRVO according to the extent of retinal capillary nonperfusion demonstrated by the initial fluorescein angiogram. The risk of developing NVG was found to be approximately 60% in those eyes with extensive retinal ischemia. None of the 22 eyes with an ischemic CRVO treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) prior to the onset of NVI developed NVG.     

532nm倍频激光治疗高原血管性眼底病变的临床研究

目的：观察532nm倍频激光视网膜光凝(panretinal photocoagulation, PRP)治疗高原地区糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinpathy, DR)及视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)的临床疗效,评价氩激光治疗眼底血管病的安全性、有效性。

方法：选择DR患者122例227眼,其中增殖前期糖尿病性视网膜病变(preproliferative diabetic retinopathy, PPDR)51例90眼、增殖期糖尿病性视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)71例137眼; RVO患者120例124眼,其中中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)27例27眼,分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)93例97眼,进行532nm底激光视网膜光凝治疗。每位患者在结束最后一次治疗后1,3,6mo复查眼底、视力、FFA检查。

结果：DR患者行视网膜光凝术后,PPDR有效81眼(90.0%)、无效9眼(10.0%); PDR有效98眼(71.5%),无效39眼(28.5%),总有效率78.9%; RVO患者行视网膜光凝术后, BRVO有效者90眼(92.8%),CRVO有效者22眼(81.5%)。532nm倍频激光治疗眼底血管性疾病的总有效率为82.9%。

结论：532nm倍频激光光凝治疗高原地区眼底血管性疾病是一种安全有效的治疗方法,糖尿病视网膜病变增殖前期激光治疗的有效率高于增殖期,治疗时机的合理选择可有效阻止DR的进展,防止失明的严重后果; 对RVO及时进行视网膜激光光凝的干预治疗,可以加速出血水肿吸收,防止新生血管的产生,降低并发症。     

532nm激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的临床观察

目的:评估532nm激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的治疗效果。方法:应用532nm激光对糖尿病患者48例96眼[包括增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变(PPDR)54眼,增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)42眼(包括高危PDR20眼,非高危PDR22眼),合并黄斑水肿21眼]行视网膜光凝术。根据DR分期及病变严重程度行次全视网膜光凝(Sub-PRP)、标准全视网膜光凝(S-PRP)和超全视网膜光凝(E-PRP)及局限光凝和格栅样光凝,随访3mo～4a,观察视力和视网膜病变进展情况。必要时再补充激光治疗。结果:视力:提高或不变为有效,其中PPDR组有效45眼(83%),非高危PDR组有效18眼(82%),高危PDR组有效12眼(60%)。视网膜病变进展情况:视网膜水肿、渗出、出血部吸收,视网膜新生血管部分或全部消退为有效,其中PPDR组有效50眼(93%),非高危PDR组有效19眼(86%),高危PDR组有效13眼(65%)。结论:倍频532nm激光治疗DR安全有效,早期病变治疗效果好。及早发现和治疗病变,注意光凝方法和技巧,以及随访和跟踪治疗,是提高视网膜光凝疗效的关键。     

新生血管性青光眼治疗时机的临床研究

目的:探讨新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)发病不同时期治疗方案的选择。方法:对116例123眼被诊断为NVG患者的病历资料,按照CNV的不同分期进行回顾性总结。结果:NVGⅠ期患者17眼行全视网膜光凝,16眼新生血管消退。Ⅱ期57眼中,17眼行全视网膜光凝,新生血管消退。26眼行全视网膜光凝联合小梁切除术,23眼眼压控制良好。9眼行玻璃体切除+全视网膜光凝联合小梁切除术,8眼眼压控制良好。5眼行青光眼阀植入术联合全视网膜光凝术,眼压控制良好。Ⅲ期49眼中,3眼行青光眼阀植入术联合全视网膜光凝术,2眼眼压控制良好。38眼行周边视网膜冷凝、睫状体冷冻联合小梁切除术,29眼眼压控制良好。3眼行眼球摘除术,5眼行睫状神经剪断术。结论:从NVG分期角度出发,应根据患者不同病情制订个体化的治疗方案。     

Trabeculectomy for neovascular glaucoma in proliferative diabetic retinopathy,central retinal vein occlusion,and ocular ischemic syndrome: Surgical outcomes and prognostic factors for failure

Purpose:To evaluate the outcomes of trabeculectomy in the eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG), caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), and ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS).Methods:A retrospective review of NVG eyes that underwent trabeculectomy between 1991 and 2019. Complete success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) between 6 and 21 mmHg without antiglaucoma medications (AGM). The risk factors were analyzed by Cox''s proportional hazard model.Results:The study included 100 eyes of 100 subjects with a mean age of 58 ± 9.8 years and a median follow-up of 1.27 years (interquartile range: 0.63, 2.27). The cause of NVG was PDR in 59 eyes (59%), CRVO in 25 eyes (25%), and OIS in 16 eyes (16%). Trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C was performed in 88 eyes and trabeculectomy in 12 eyes. The cumulative complete success probability of trabeculectomy in PDR was 50% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38, 65) at 1 year, 8% (1, 46) at 3–5 years. In OIS, it was 64% (43, 96) from 1 to 5 years. In CRVO, it was 75% (59, 94) at 1 year, 45% (23, 86) from 2 to 5 years. The PDR was associated with a higher risk of surgical failure compared to OIS (P = 0.04) and CRVO (P = 0.004). Other significant risk factors were increasing age (P = 0.02), persistent neovascularization of iris (NVI) (P = 0.03), higher number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections prior to trabeculectomy (P = 0.02), and delay in performing trabeculectomy (P = 0.02).Conclusion:Compared to CRVO and OIS, the eyes with NVG secondary to PDR had poor success with trabeculectomy. Older age, persistent NVI, need for a higher number of anti-VEGF injections, and delayed surgery were associated with a higher risk for trabeculectomy failure.