慢性葡萄膜炎黄斑病变的玻璃体手术治疗

目的探讨玻璃体手术对慢性葡萄膜炎合并黄斑病变的治疗价值.方法16例（16眼）反复发作6月以上的慢性迁延性葡萄膜炎,其中合并囊样黄斑水肿6眼,黄斑前膜5眼,玻璃体黄斑牵引综合症4眼,黄斑孔性视网膜脱离1眼,采用玻璃体切除联合人工玻璃体后脱离,内界膜剥离等.术后随访12～30月.结果12眼（75.00%）术后视力明显提高,视力不变或下降4眼为囊样黄斑水肿;视网膜脱离复位;16例术后全身用药减少,炎症得到控制.结论玻璃体手术是治疗慢性葡萄膜炎黄斑病变的有效手段,可以明显提高患者视力,减少全身用药量.     

玻璃体手术治疗葡萄膜炎合并症

目的 探讨玻璃体手术对葡萄膜炎合并症的治疗价值。方法 14例（14只眼）严重急、慢性葡萄膜炎患者,其中合并重度玻璃体混浊6例（6只眼）,白内障5例（5只眼）,孔源性视网膜脱离5例（5只眼）。14例患者均行经睫状体平坦部的玻璃体切除术,部分患者根据病情联合中行经睫状体平坦部的晶状体切除、巩膜冷凝、巩膜环扎、硅胶填压、眼内光凝、气液交换或眼内硅油填充术。术后患者随访18－45个月。结果 12只眼术后视力明显提高,2只眼术前视力为光感,术后视力无改变;5例视网膜脱离患者术后视网膜完全复位;14例患者术后全身用药减少,炎症得到控制。结论 玻璃体手术是治疗严重葡萄膜炎合并症的有效方法,可以明显提高患者视力,减少全身用药量。     

玻璃体手术治疗视网膜静脉周围炎并发症的疗效

目的 观察视网膜静脉周围炎合并玻璃体积血和(或)牵引性视网膜脱离行玻璃体切割术的疗效及并发症。 方法 回顾性分析1989～2001年行玻璃体切割术治疗合并玻璃体积血和(或)牵引性视网膜脱离的视网膜静脉周围炎患者69例的临床和随访资料。随访时间为手术后6个月～12年，平均随访时间45个月。 结果 (1)手术后视力较手术前显著提高。(2)11只眼有手术中并发症，占14.3%，其中医源性裂孔7只眼，手术中出血3只眼，晶状体损伤1只眼。(3)手术后1个月内20只眼有并发症，占260%，其中玻璃体再积血14只眼，一过性高眼压6只眼，视网膜脱离5只眼，前房出血2只眼，前房机化膜形成1只眼。(4)远期并发症主要为白内障(9只眼)及黄斑病变(6只眼)。 结论 玻璃体切割术联合眼内激光光凝、剥膜等是治疗视网膜静脉周围炎合并玻璃体积血和(或)牵引性视网膜脱离的有效手段。 (中华眼底病杂志, 2002, 18: 215-217)     

视网膜脱离手术并发玻璃体积血原因分析

视网膜脱离手术并发玻璃体积血原因分析上海医科大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院眼科张冬松，赵培泉，陈钦元视网膜脱离手术并发玻璃体积血，不仅影响术后的视力恢复，而且由于积血机化可致牵引性视网膜脱离。本文总结视网膜脱离手术并发玻璃体积血１０例（１０只眼）。报告如下。...     

玻璃体手术治疗顽固性葡萄膜炎的临床观察

目的探讨玻璃体手术治疗顽固性葡萄膜炎的效果。方法回顾性病例系列研究。收集北京大学第三医院2011年4月至2019年1月反复发作葡萄膜炎并发玻璃体视网膜病变39例(44眼)的临床资料。所有患者行玻璃体手术联合局部或全身糖皮质激素治疗比较术前及术后视力、炎症反应、糖皮质激素用量及手术后并发症, 并重点观察葡萄膜炎的复发情况。术后随访5～32个月。结果术后视力提高有38眼(86.36%, 38/44), 视力稳定4眼(9.09%, 4/44), 术前光感术后仍是光感2眼(4.55%, 2/44)(Z=2.45, P<0.001)。所有患者术前应用糖皮质激素, 术后仅8例合并全身综合征的患者服用维持剂量激素, 术前反复发作的葡萄膜炎均得以控制。术后葡萄膜炎发作次数明显少于术前(P<0.05)。结论玻璃体手术可改善视力, 明显减少葡萄膜炎的复发, 降低全身糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂使用频率, 术后不良反应少。     

中间型葡萄膜炎并发复杂性视网膜脱离的玻璃体手术治疗

目的:探讨中间型葡萄膜炎并发复杂性视网膜脱离的临床特征及玻璃体切除联合眼内填充术的治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析我院2000-01/2005-06收治的11例(共11眼)中间型葡萄膜炎并发复杂性视网膜脱离病例术前及术后详细的临床资料。所有患者均接受巩膜外环扎,玻璃体切除联合眼内填充术治疗,术中9眼行硅油充填,2眼填充长效惰性气体。术后随访12～66mo。结果:术后11眼均获视网膜良好复位及视力增进。随访期中有7眼于6～12mo取出硅油,硅油取出后2眼因周边部PVR或葡萄膜炎复发导致视网膜脱离复发,未取硅油的4眼(包括2只再手术眼)视网膜平伏。结论:中间型葡萄膜炎并发的复杂性视网膜脱离,尤其存在周边部纤维及血管膜的牵引时,玻璃体切除联合眼内填充术效果确切,周边部PVR和葡萄膜炎复发是术后限制视网膜复位的主要原因。     

玻璃体视网膜手术治疗葡萄膜炎合并症的临床观察

目的 探讨玻璃体视网膜手术治疗葡萄膜炎合并症的临床效果。方法 对我院2002年6月至2004年6月期间共收治的24例（24只眼）葡萄膜炎合并症的患者行玻璃体视网膜手术,根据病情联合行白内障超声乳化吸除术或经睫状体平坦部的晶状体切除,观察术后视力及并发症等。结果 24例（24只眼）中,术后3月所有患者最佳矫正视力均有不同程度的提高,术后1周内前房纤维索性渗出8例（8只眼）,经药物治疗后很快吸收,未见葡萄膜炎复发。结论 玻璃体视网膜手术是治疗葡萄膜炎合并症最为安全和有效的方法,术后并发症少,视力恢复满意,值得临床推广应用。     

玻璃体腔药物注射联合玻璃体手术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的探讨

目的 探讨术前玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德及healon联合玻璃体手术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的疗效及安全性.方法 选择未经有效治疗的脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离患者11例(1 1只眼),于手术前经睫状体平坦部向玻璃体腔内注入曲安奈德混悬液和healon,注药后观察眼压葡萄膜炎反应及脉络膜脱离消失情况,并于5日之内行玻璃体手术.结果 注药后11只眼眼压均恢复良好,葡萄膜炎反应症状均不同程度减轻,10只眼脉络膜脱离眼于注药后5日内消失,所有病例均行玻璃体手术,术后11只眼均视力有不同程度提高,10只眼视网膜复位良好.结论 术前玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德和healon联合玻璃体手术是一种安全有效地治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的方法.     

玻璃体切割手术治疗葡萄膜炎并发牵拉性视网膜脱离

目的探讨玻璃体切割手术治疗葡萄膜炎并发牵拉性视网膜脱离(TRD)的视力预后、手术时机及其围手术期治疗方法。方法回顾分析我科葡萄膜炎专科门诊确诊为全葡萄膜炎并发TRD的13例患者15只玻璃体切割手术治疗眼的临床资料。患者男性6例，女性7例。年龄19.0～70.0岁，平均年龄42.8岁。葡萄膜炎病史3～15年，平均病史7年。15只眼中，视力为眼前数指者7只眼，0.01~0.1者7只眼，0.2者1只眼。均有玻璃体混浊，间接检眼镜和B型超声检查均存在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变和TRD。13例患者均口服泼尼松，其中3例同时口服硫唑嘌呤。眼部滴用1%百力特、1%阿托品和复方托品酰胺眼液。15只眼葡萄膜炎炎症控制静止时间0.5~4.5个月，平均时间2.0个月。炎症静止后采用经睫状体平坦部的玻璃体切割、剥膜、眼内激光光凝、惰性气体（C₃F₈）或硅油填充等联合手术，其中7只眼同时行晶状体切除手术。手术前给予患者顿服糖皮质激素，手术后全身、眼部继续应用糖皮质激素治疗，3例同时口服硫唑嘌呤。手术后随诊3～146个月，平均随访时间26个月。结果手术后15只眼均无葡萄膜炎复发，眼前节无炎症反应，玻璃体炎症消失。13只眼视网膜复位良好，视力提高，占86.7％。其中，2只眼视力提高显著，分别由0.2提高至0.8，0.03提高至0.6。1只眼视力无改变，占6.7％；1只眼视力由手动下降至光感，占6.7％。随诊中，4只眼出现并发性白内障，均行白内障摘除人工晶状体植入手术。手术后视力均有明显提高。1只眼虹膜出现新生血管而发生前房积血。另外1只眼视网膜表面再次出现机化膜及局限性TRD。结论采用玻璃体切割手术治疗葡萄膜炎并发TRD可以获得较满意疗效。手术适应证及手术时机选择是保证手术成功的关键，围手术期全身及眼部合理应用糖皮质激素是保证手术成功的重要措施。（中华眼底病杂志，2007，23：108-111）     

视网膜静脉阻塞玻璃体积血的手术治疗

目的 分析2型糖尿病患者（T2DM）玻璃体积血合并视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）玻璃体切除手术的效果.方法 回顾分析因玻璃体积血在我院接受玻璃体切除手术治疗的T2DM 228例（289只眼）的临床资料.根据术中观察,其中16例（17只眼）的玻璃体积血由BRVO引起.玻璃体切除手术前视力手动～0.04.随访时间9～60个月,平均（32.80±16.70）月.结果 T2DM玻璃体积血合并BRVO的发生率为5.9％;玻璃体切除手术后视力0.01～1.0,颞上分支静脉阻塞者术后视力较差;手术时机≥6个月者易发生牵引性视网膜脱离,且术后视力较差.结论 颞上分支静脉阻塞、手术迟于6个月者术后视力较差.     

Combined surgery, phacoemulsification, implantation of intraocular lens and pars plana vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness, technical feasibility and incidence of complications after combining pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of combined vitreoretinal and cataract surgery in 100 eyes of 96 patients were retrospectively and prospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 8.4 months. All patients had clinically significant lens opacities and vitreoretinal pathology requiring pars plana vitrectomy. Indications for vitreoretinal surgery included: persistent vitreous haemorrhage (28 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage combined with tractional retinal detachment (50 eyes), tractional retinal detachment without vitreous haemorrhage caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (7 eyes), rheumatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (10 eyes) and dislocated crystalline lens in the vitreous (5 eyes). RESULTS: Postoperatively, best corrected visual acuity improved in 81 eyes (81%)- by two lines or more in 31 eyes (31%) - by less than two lines in 50 eyes (50%). In 14 eyes (14%) visual acuity was unchanged and was worse in 5 cases (5%). Postoperative complications included fibrin reaction, posterior synechias of the iris, vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma, posterior capsule opacification, redetachment of retina. CONCLUSIONS: Our cases confirm previous study, that performing phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and vitrectomy in one operation is safe and allows visual recovery with good technical results.     

Coats病的手术治疗

目的总结手术治疗Coats病的效果。方法对Coats病伴不同程度渗出性视网膜脱离的患者16例17只眼行巩膜外冷凝术和玻璃体手术治疗，手术后随访时间4.25～62.25个月, 平均随访时间13.10个月。结果手术治疗后8只眼视网膜完全复位(无硅油充填)，视网膜复位率47%；1只眼在硅油充填的情况下视网膜在位；8只眼手术后视网膜未能完全复位。5只眼手术后视力提高，2只眼视力稳定，7只眼视力下降。手术并发症有一过性渗出性视网膜脱离加重，视网膜前局限性增生，白内障形成，继发青光眼和玻璃体积血。结论Coats 病伴视网膜脱离经手术治疗后大多数病例视网膜可复位，部分患者视力提高。(中华眼底病杂志,2005,21:145-147)     

Ⅱ型增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者行玻璃体切除地机与术后视力 …

探讨Ⅱ型增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变合并严重玻璃本出血或合并血管纤维增殖引起的视网膜牵拉性视网膜脱离情况下,进行玻璃全切除术的手术时机。     

Vitrectomy for vitreous bleeding and tractional retinal detachment in a case of Evans syndrome

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy to treat Evans syndrome with vitreous bleeding followed by tractional retinal detachment. CASE: Vitrectomy was performed on a 21-year-old man with Evans syndrome who developed tractional retinal detachment in the left eye after experiencing vitreous bleeding and tissue proliferation related to the bleeding. OBSERVATIONS: After the proliferative tissue was removed and tractional retinal detachment corrected, the patient's visual acuity improved from 6/20 to 10/20. A small amount of residual proliferative tissue remained after the vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy may be beneficial in patients with serious vitreous complications induced by hematological diseases such as Evans syndrome.     

Long-term results of vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

In order to study long-term anatomical and functional results the authors evaluated the data from 260 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Indications for surgery were: vitreous hemorrhage, 68 eyes (26.2%); vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment, 84 eyes (32.3%); tractional retinal detachment, 82 eyes (31.5%); and combined tractional-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 26 eyes (10%). In 118 eyes vitreoretinal surgery was combined with silicone-oil tamponade.The retina was completely attached posterior to a scleral buckle in 251 eyes (96%) at the time of the last examination. After a follow-up period of at least 12 months in a group of patients with vitreous hemorrhage, visual acuity improved in 88% of the eyes. Visual acuity was better than 0.5 in 31% of eyes. In group of eyes with nonresorbing vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment visual acuity improved in 52% of eyes. Visual acuity improved in 76% of eyes with tractional retinal detachment and in 81% of eyes with combined tractional & rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. When comparing the latest postoperative visual acuity to visual acuity after three months postoperatively, visual acuity was unchanged in 88%, in 10% it became worse and in 3 cases (1%) became better. In the postoperative period, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 33 (13%) eyes, reproliferation in 12 eyes.Cataract developed in 45 of 168 phakic eyes. If postoperative visual acuity before cataract formation was good, extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed. Otherwise simple intra or extracapsular cataract extraction was performed. In 19 cases cataract operation was performed together with silicone oil extraction. Neovascular glaucoma developed postoperatively in 15 eyes (6%). Retinal detachment occurred postoperatively in 21 eyes (8%). In 15 eyes the retina was successfully reattached after additional operations.     

Vitrectomy surgery for the treatment of the vitreo-retinal complications of the pars planitis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of pars plana vitrectomy in the management of patients with pars planitis.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the clinical course, post-operative complications and recurrent uveal inflamation following pars plana vitrectomy in patients with pars planitis.ResultsThe study included 22 eyes of 19 patients. The mean follow-up was 55.7 (±39.6) months (range 7 – 144 months). The surgical indications were, persistent vitreous opacities in 10 eyes, vitreous haemorrhage in 9 eyes, and epiretinal membrane in 3 eyes. There was an improvement in the clinical course of the uveitis in 19 of the 22 eyes (86.4%), allowing the suspension of the systemic treatment in 16 patients. An improvement of the visual acuity was observed in 20 eyes (90.9%). The most common post-operative complications were, lens opacities in 9 eyes (40.9%), and glaucoma in 4 eyes (18.2%).ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that pars plana vitrectomy has a beneficial effect on the course and visual function of patients with vitreo-retinal complications associated with pars planitis.     

严重PDR玻璃体切割术后雷珠单抗注射的效果观察

目的：对严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的患者行玻璃体切割术后行雷珠单抗注射的效果观察。方法：回归性分析。12例严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者(12眼)接受睫状体平坦部玻璃体切割术,同时给予硅油、惰性气体或者平衡液的玻璃体腔填充。在手术结束的同时给予雷珠单抗的玻璃体腔注射。结果：随访时间平均为2.75 mo。这12眼中分别包括玻璃体积血(1眼);玻璃体积血伴纤维血管化增生(1眼);玻璃体积血伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(3眼);纤维血管化增生伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(2眼);玻璃体积血伴新生血管性青光眼伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(1眼);玻璃体积血伴纤维血管化增生伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(2眼);玻璃体积血伴纤维血管化增生伴新生血管性青光眼伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(1眼);玻璃体积血伴牵拉性孔源性视网膜脱离(1眼)。12眼中,8眼行玻璃体腔硅油填充,2眼行惰性气体填充,2眼行平衡液填充。所有的患者之前均未接受任何治疗。视网膜脱离复位率为10/10(100%)。1眼术后出现前房积血。9眼术后最佳矫正视力较术前提高,2眼无明显变化,1眼较术前下降。 OCT检查显示8眼术后未见黄斑水肿。结论：玻璃体切割术后雷珠单抗注射对严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者有明显的治疗效果：手术成功率明显提高;患者视力显著提高;糖尿病黄斑水肿的发生概率减少;术中及术后并发症的发生率降低。     

Pars plana vitrectomy for cystoid macular edema secondary to sarcoid uveitis

OBJECTIVE: To examine the results of pars plana vitrectomy for cystoid macular edema secondary to sarcoid uveitis resistant to medical treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional, noncomparative case series. SUBJECTS: Fourteen consecutive subjects (18 eyes) with cystoid macular edema associated with sarcoid uveitis resistant to medical treatment. INTERVENTION: All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Nine eyes also underwent peeling of the epiretinal membrane or removal of the posterior vitreous cortex. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Status of macular edema, visual acuity, and complications. RESULTS: Ten eyes (56%) improved 2 or more lines of Snellen visual acuity within 12 months. Six eyes (33%) remained unchanged, within a line of preoperative Snellen visual acuity, and two eyes (11%) worsened by 2 or more lines of Snellen visual acuity. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy showed that cystoid macular edema had resolved in 14 eyes (78%) within 9 months postoperatively. One eye (6%) had minimal edema, whereas three eyes (17%) remained unchanged biomicroscopically at the final visit. Postoperative complications included cataract formation, glaucoma, optic nerve atrophy, epiretinal membrane formation, and tractional retinal detachment. No severe postoperative inflammation was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Pars plana vitrectomy seems to have a beneficial effect on cystoid macular edema caused by sarcoidosis resistant to medical treatment.     

Vitrectomy in the management of uveitis

OBJECTIVE: To review the indications for vitrectomy in uveitis cases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Charts of patients seen at the uveitis clinic of the Jules Gonin Eye Hospital from January 1993 to August 1998 and who had undergone vitrectomy were reviewed. Patients with infectious uveitis occurring within three months after intraocular cataract surgery were excluded. The types of uveitis were recorded and indications for vitrectomy were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 630 patients were examined at the uveitis clinic. Fifty-one of these patients (51 eyes, 8.1%) were referred for vitrectomy and were included in this study. Vitrectomy was performed for three reasons: 1) to treat the complications of uveitis (90%), including vitreous opacification in 35 eyes (69%), retinal detachment in seven eyes (14%), epimacular membrane in seven eyes (14%), and dense opacification of the posterior capsule after cataract surgery in six eyes (12%)(the mean delay between uveitis and vitrectomy in this group was 8.4 years); 2) for diagnostic purposes in 19 eyes (37%); and 3) to remove confined infectious foci in 16 eyes (31%) and allow a thorough intraocular distribution of antibiotics. Visual acuity improved in 41 patients (80.4%), remained unchanged in three (5.8%), and decreased in seven (13.7%) because of secondary or persistent retinal detachment or cystoid macular edema. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy was indicated to treat the complications of uveitis, to provide vitreous for diagnostic purposes, and to allow a better diffusion of intraocular antibiotics. Long-standing uveitis did not seem to be influenced by vitrectomy.