任务教学法在大学英语阅读教学中的运用

本文针对目前大学英语阅读教学中存在的问题，结合阅读教学和任务教学法的理论知识，探讨任务教学法在大学英语阅读教学中的实施方法以及其效果。     

有效提高阅读能力准确把握书面信息

目的提高学生英语阅读能力,培养学生学习兴趣,丰富语言知识。方法以大学英语教学实践以及大学英语对学生阅读能力的要求为依托,结合学生在四级考试中遇到的常见问题,提出一系列提高阅读能力的方法。结果英语阅读教学的关键是加强训练,掌握方法,学以致用,不断提高。结论英语学习者需要掌握一些实用的阅读技巧和基本的阅读方法,注意从词汇、句子、语段、语篇四个层次上分析文章,从而做到准确把握书面信息。     

外语教学法的改革

本人近年来在教学中尝试使用的“语篇教学法”及“内容构思写作法”对适应新的英语教学要求,提高教学质量及提高学生全国英语统考的通过率等方面都起着积极的作用。 “语篇教学法”用于英语阅读教学。与把语法教学作为阅读教学中心的传统教学法相反,“语篇教学法”注重对学生的语言实际能力以获取信息能力的培养。在教学中传授各种阅读的基本技巧,训练学生从语篇上去理解文章,语法讲解只为理解文章服务。该教学法对教学产生如下几个积极影响。     

词汇衔接对大学英语阅读教学的启示

阅读理解能力是英语学习中的一项基本技能,阅读教学的重要性也历来受到专家、学者的广泛认同,尽管他们在英语教学方面做了许多工作,但大学生在阅读理解能力方面仍然存在问题。究其原因,就是在阅读过程及阅读教学中大学生和大学英语教师都忽视了语篇自身的一些特征。本文通过对语篇语言学和衔接理论的发展的探讨,阐述了词汇衔接相关理论的主要内容及其在组句成篇过程中的意义,最后就大学英语阅读教学中应用这些理论来提高大学生词汇衔接意识作出了五点建议,期望能对提高学生的阅读理解能力做出自己应有的贡献。     

寓图式理论应用于大学英语阅读教学探讨

众所周知：培养大学生的阅读能力,是大学英语教学目的之一。但使我们失望的是,我国目前的英语阅读教学现状并不令人满意。如何才能提高学生英语阅读能力,本文作者根据图式理论的基本原理,探讨了大学英语阅读能力培养的方法和策略。     

浅谈基于网络的大学英语阅读分级教学模式设计

随着大学扩招,中国的高等教育逐渐从"精英教育"走向"大众教育",生源质量普遍有所下降。高校近年来扩招导致学生英语水平参差不齐。而传统的大学英语阅读教学对阅读活动的本身并没有基于高度的重视,对程度不同的学生都选取同样的文章进行讲解,而且对决定语篇交际目的的情景语境和文化语境并未进行必要的分析。为确保不同层次的学生在英语阅读能力方面得到充分地训练,许多高校对大学英语实行了有针对性的分级教学。笔者从自身的教学实践出发探讨了基于网络环境下的大学英语分级模式下的阅读教学模式,以此促进学生阅读水平的提升。     

交际法在大学英语阅读课上的应用

阅读是人们获取信息、提高能力的一个主要方式,因此各种语言教学中,阅读教学历来为广大语言教师所重视。《大学英语教学大纲》把阅读教学摆在了重要的位置。从四、六级考试到各种各样英语测试,阅读部分所占的比重显示了阅读的重要性。近年来,广大英语教师在阅读技巧、阅读中词汇教学、背景知识学习及阅读与写作相结合以提高学生的综合语言能力等方面做出了很好的研究与尝试。交际法自被运用到外语教学中之后,就立即被人们广泛运用到听说教学中,阅读课上交际法的运用尚不普遍。本文试从几个方面探讨交际法在大学英语阅读教学课上的应用…     

21世纪医学共核英语阅读问题探讨

在大学英语教学中,阅读教学始终被视为一个重要的技能。“专业英语是大学英语教学的一个重要组成部分,是促进学生完成从学习过渡到实际应用的有效途径。”因此,如何上好专业阅读课,多年来一直是大学英语教师探讨的一个热门课题。诸多因素阅读效果。文章就医学英语阅读教学中的教与学之间的关系,探讨医学英语共核,以求有效地解决专业阅读教学中存在的一些问题,总结探究的价值与意义,以便从中获得启示。     

大学英语阅读教学中的任务设计与阅读策略训练

本文探讨如何通过任务设计在大学英语阅读教学中对大学英语学习者进行阅读策略训练.研究发现,有针对性的任务设计的策略培训比传统策略培训更有真实性,更易于和教学内容结合起来,从后测结果来看,实验组学生在三个核心阅读策略上均显著高于对照组.     

试谈第一、二课堂结合培养专科学生的阅读能力

<正>大学英语教学的目的是培养学生的交际能力,而阅读又是交际的一种形式,是接触英语获得信息的一个重要途径,对于提高学生的外语水平起关键作用.所以要提高教学质量,尽快提高学生的英语水平,就必须搞好阅读教学,提高学生的阅读能力.而专科院校学制短,英语授课时数相对就少,大学英语的配套教材——泛读和快速阅读根本无法在课堂上进行.因此,要想在有限     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.