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1.
Cross-infection compliance of UK dental staff and students   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to determine the compliance of a group of dental health care workers and students in aspects of cross-infection control.
DESIGN: The dentists and dental students working in a dental clinic were observed by a 'hidden' ceiling-mounted video camera. Procedures were recorded onto videotape and the actions of the observed clinicians and students assessed by two suitably qualified assessors.
SETTING: An emergency Oral Medicine clinic in a dental hospital.
SUBJECTS Seventy nine dentists and 35 dental undergraduates.
METHODS: The action of staff and students were recorded on videotape and assessed retrospectively.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Degree of compliance with recognised infection control policies.
RESULTS: Compliance with recommended guidelines for control of cross-infection was poor. In only 56% of health care worker-patient contacts were protective gloves changed between patients. Facemasks and protective eyewear were only worn in 38% and 29% of such contacts respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Compliance with cross-infection control measures are poor in dentistry - even when clinicians are provided with appropriate facilities.  相似文献   

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Background:  An evidence-based, risk-specific, and non-invasive modality for caries management was implemented in the University of Sydney dentistry curriculum. This study reviews its impact on student learning outcomes and their perceptions of the efficacy of a risk-based caries management.
Methods:  One hundred and nine Year 3 and Year 4 students were invited to complete a questionnaire to assess their understanding of the protocols and their perceptions of both the education process and value of the non-invasive treatment modality.
Results:  A response rate of 93% Year 3 and 46% Year 4 students was obtained. They correctly identified high and low risk cases but Year 3 students were inclined to misclassify medium risk cases. Most understood correctly that enamel lesions should be arrested and remineralized but were often more radical in dealing with dentine lesions. Students who believed the protocols were useful and who spent more time on preventive care were less likely to restore enamel and dentine lesions.
Conclusions:  A modest level of knowledge concerning application of the non-invasive caries management system to paper-based clinical case studies was demonstrated. Protocol misinterpretation may reflect inconsistent instruction by some clinical tutors. It is hoped that the promulgation of evidence-based dentistry will overcome these barriers in future.  相似文献   

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BACKGROUND: Students whilst training may encounter a number of incidents where infection from patient body fluids may occur, especially as their manual skills are underdeveloped and their clinical experience is limited. PURPOSE OF STUDY: (a) To assess the nature of the occupational exposures occurring to students in a UK dental school, (b) to assess the rate of reporting of incidents, and (c) to evaluate the association of various factors with these exposures. Students in the third, fourth and final years of the 5-year undergraduate dental course at the University of Birmingham were asked to complete a questionnaire that inquired into personal details, number and nature of incidents, their reporting and follow-up. A 100% response rate was achieved. RESULTS: Across the years, there was no significant correlation (p > 0.01) between sex, dominant hand, use of protective glasses or time of day. Slightly more exposures occurred in males, right-handed students, and in the afternoon. A significant decrease in exposures (p < 0.01) occurred within final year, and when an assistant was employed. Significantly more incidents occurred while a patient was being treated than during operational clean-up procedures. A substantial number of dental students had experienced one or more occupational exposures during training. Of these, percutaneous injuries predominated. Junior students appear to be more likely to experience exposures, and in these students, needlestick injuries are the most common source. CONCLUSIONS: To reduce the incidence of these exposures, more instruction and training may be required in the earlier clinical years and more chairside assistance. Improvements are required in the monitoring of post-screening for seroconversion after HBV immunization, and in the reporting of test results in the event of an exposure incident. Under-reporting of incidents is common and ways to encourage and facilitate reporting should be sought.  相似文献   

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水源在牙科医源性交叉感染中的作用   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
定植在牙科综合治疗台水道的生物膜中存在大量的微生物,可以导致口腔治疗中的医源性交叉感染。本文主要对现在应用的提高水质的方法和牙科水质的评价与监测方法进行综述,并简要介绍了提高牙科水质研究的进展。  相似文献   

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This qualitative study shows dental students' motives for choosing the dental education and how the motives influence their motivation at the first semester of study. Further the study demonstrates the relevance of the context of learning. This issue is of importance when planning a curriculum for the dental education. The material consists of interviews with eight dental students. The results show that dental students were focused on their future professional role, its practical dimensions and their future working conditions. Their motivation for choosing the dental education was found to influence their motivation for studying and their experience of the relevance of the first semester. The dental students who had co-education with the medical students at the first year of study missed a dental context and courses with clinically relevant contents. In conclusion, our data signify the importance of the context of learning. It is recommended that a future curriculum for the dental school should be designed in a way where basic science subjects are taught with both theoretically as well as practically oriented subjects and in a context which is meaningful for the students.  相似文献   

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OBJECTIVES: To survey the infection control procedures used by dental practitioners in Khartoum, Sudan. METHODS: Questionnaires were distributed to150 randomly sampled dentists practising in Khartoum state. Each questionnaire comprised 17 questions about basic infection control procedures. RESULTS: A 100% response rate to the questionnaire showed that 92% of dentists routinely wore gloves when treating patients, 50% face masks, 61% a gown and 14.7% protective eye wear. Furthermore 52% of the practitioners had been immunised against Hepatitis B. The majority of practitioners (72%) used dry heat as their method of instrument sterilisation, 22% used an autoclave, 2% used boiling water and the remainder used chemical sterilisation. Safe disposal of clinical waste was undertaken by only 23% of dentists although 47% of practitioners stored sharp items in closed containers. All respondents used disposable dental needles, but only a few used other disposable items. There was a significant difference in the implementation of cross infection control procedures between salaried and private dental practitioners, especially with regard to handpiece sterilisation, use of disposables, the wearing of face masks and the availability of additional sets of instruments. CONCLUSION: There is a clear need to improve the existing situation particularly with regard to immunisation of dentists against Hepatitis B, the safe disposal of clinical waste and instrument sterilisation in Khartoum.  相似文献   

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Dental hospital staff and students were observed during clinical work for their compliance with infection control procedures, as recommended by the British Dental Association. A total of 183 contacts between health care worker and patient were scrutinised during December 1990. Nearly all health care workers (96%) wore gloves to carry out dental treatment, but in some cases gloves were neither changed nor hands washed between patients. Only one half wore protective eyewear and about one third (38%) wore no mask. Some dental surgery assistants used heavy duty gloves and some even scrubbed dirty dental instruments without wearing any gloves. Strict audit is clearly needed in every clinical setting in order to ensure compliance with infection control.  相似文献   

11.
The aims of the study were to examine the knowledge of occupational hazards from blood-borne viruses, and practices related to cross-infection control in Brazil, by a survey of 947 Brazilian dental practitioners at a National Dental Congress in January 1990. Over 80% were aware that hepatitis B virus can be present in the oral cavity and constitutes an occupational hazard but their perceptions as to the hazards from other agents were at variance with the published evidence. Over 75% were aware of the existence of vaccines against hepatitis B virus but less than 60% appreciated the possible long-term hepatic sequelae of hepatitis B virus infection and, less than 40% were aware of the oncogenic potential. Less than 10% had been immunized against hepatitis B and only a further 30% intended to be vaccinated. Autoclaves were used by less than 10%: most appeared to use chemical means for disinfection of dental instruments. These results indicate the urgent need for a campaign to improve infection control procedures in Brazilian dental practice.  相似文献   

12.
口腔综合治疗台水路中的生物膜与污染控制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
微生物以生物膜和浮游两种形式存在于口腔综合治疗台水路中,可导致医源性感染发生。为了预防与控制医源性感染,保证医疗质量与医疗安全,必须对口腔综合治疗台水路进行消毒处理。下面就口腔综合治疗台水路中的微生物及其控制方法作一综述。  相似文献   

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OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at investigating the introduction of an infection control competency assessment on undergraduate dental student's awareness and knowledge of infection control. METHOD: A short course, including an introductory lecture and a three component competency based assessment exercise testing student's knowledge and ability in infection control measures was incorporated into the previously established training programme. The assessment exercises included a written test of students' knowledge of the Infection Control Policy, a unit management exercise and a hand hygiene assessment. The infection control competency was initially incorporated into the final term of the second year in 2004 and is now an established part of the 5-year dental undergraduate degree programme. Re-assessments were scheduled (at the start of third year) for students failing to meet the required standard as successful completion of this course was compulsory prior to students being allowed to treat their first patients. Student performance over the last 2 years on this course and during their first year on clinic were analysed to determine potential improvements in student knowledge and application in infection control. Examination results from the year 3, infection control spot test were compared with those of earlier years. In addition, the opinions, as assessed by questionnaire analysis, of dental staff and students on the infection control competency were obtained. RESULTS: All students successfully completed the infection control competency (either at first or second attempt) and were subsequently allowed to enter clinical training in year 3. Significant improvements were seen in students passing the course at their initial attempt, 42% and 78%, in the 2004 and 2005 academic years, respectively. Also subsequent testing of these students during their first year on clinic showed marked increases in awareness and knowledge of the infection control protocols. Staff and student feedback on this course was also found to be highly supportive of the introduction of the infection control competency. CONCLUSION: Incorporation of additional formal pre-clinical teaching and introduction of an infection competency potentially provides enduring knowledge and clinical application benefits.  相似文献   

14.
目的检验一种牙科综合治疗台无菌化供给系统的有效性。方法使用无菌化供给系统的牙科综合治疗台,在人工口腔中,对污染乙肝病毒、血链球菌的牙齿使用高速涡轮机进行分牙操作,对治疗椅无菌化供给系统的水气道进行细菌学及免疫学检验。结果操作前手机连接管、三用枪连接管及吸引管均未检出微生物,治疗操作后手机连接管及吸引管检出微生物。结论牙科治疗回吸存在,但牙科综合治疗台无菌化供给系统能保障供给系统的无菌化。  相似文献   

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Many publications are available on the topic of compliance with infection prevention and control in oral health‐care facilities all over the world. The approaches of developing and developed countries show wide variation, but the principles of infection prevention and control are the same globally. This study is a systematic review and global perspective of the available literature on infection prevention and control in oral health‐care facilities. Nine focus areas on compliance with infection‐control measures were investigated: knowledge of infectious occupational hazards; personal hygiene and care of hands; correct application of personal protective equipment; use of environmental barriers and disposable items; sterilisation (recirculation) of instruments and handpieces; disinfection (surfaces) and housekeeping; management of waste disposal; quality control of dental unit waterlines, biofilms and water; and some special considerations. Various international studies from developed countries have reported highly scientific evidence‐based information. In developed countries, the resources for infection prevention and control are freely available, which is not the case in developing countries. The studies in developing countries also indicate serious shortcomings with regard to infection prevention and control knowledge and education in oral health‐care facilities. This review highlights the fact that availability of resources will always be a challenge, but more so in developing countries. This presents unique challenges and the opportunity for innovative thinking to promote infection prevention and control.  相似文献   

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With more than two billion infected people, from whom 350 to 400 million suffer from chronic infection, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still a major health problem worldwide. As dental treatment puts both dentists and patients at a higher risk of HBV infection, dentists can play an important role in preventing HBV transmission in dental settings. This study was performed to evaluate dental students' awareness and practice regarding HBV-related issues and to compare the results obtained from different academic years. One hundred and forty-two questionnaires consisting of questions on students' knowledge of HBV and preventive measures against this virus were completed by third- to sixth-year dental students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Overall, a relatively good level of knowledge was observed amongst this population. However, students' answers to practice questions were less satisfying. It is noteworthy that in some cases students of higher academic years showed less awareness. This finding highlights the necessity of continued infection control education. TUMS students must complete an infection control workshop before they start their clinical education. The authors propose that such training at the beginning of each academic year would be worthwhile.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract  – In Jordan, only two surveys of dental trauma have been carried out. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and pattern of dental emergencies resulting from traumatic injuries, as well as treatment provided to children presenting with these dental emergencies. Over a 1-year period, 620 children presented to our pediatric dental clinics with dental emergencies; 195 (31%) of these emergencies were a consequence of dental trauma to 287 teeth and were included in the study. The average time between the trauma and the dental emergency was 5 months. Pain or sensitivity was the most frequent presenting symptom (31.3%) followed by swelling or sinus tract (17.4%). The age of these patients ranged from 15 months to 14 years, with an average age of 9.3 years. Males accounted for 75.4% of the children in the samples, whereas females accounted for only 24.6%. The main cause of dental trauma was falling during play (58.5%); the least common cause was motor vehicle accidents, accounting for only 1.5% of all injuries. Most of the dental injuries occurred at home (41.5%), around noon time. The most commonly involved teeth were permanent maxillary central incisors accounting for 79.5% of all teeth involved by dental trauma. The most frequently encountered type of trauma in this sample was crown fracture seen in 76.6% of the teeth . Soft tissue injuries were estimated to occur in 16.9% of the children. The treatment received by the children in the sample ranged from no active treatment (6.2%) to elaborate dental procedures such as pulp therapy (41.3%) and prosthetic replacement of missing teeth (5.1%).  相似文献   

20.
Three hundred and ten children from three schools were examined before and after a dental health promotion program targeted at one of the schools. Parents of subjects at the experimental school were visited at home by a community health worker who provided individualized information on dental services and preventive strategies. Parents of subjects at the control school were provided with similar information by way of general written documentation, not tailored to specific needs, and distributed as part of the traditional school take home system. The experimental hypothesis proposed that, at re-examination, subjects from the experimental school would show a measurable improvement in caries increment, and a reduced plaque index over subjects from the control schools. Although the individualized social intervention strategy did not demonstrate a major shift in use of dental services or improvement in health status some improvement in caries experience was obtained in the target group. The multifactorial nature of dental disease and the limited contact of the health worker with the families involved would account for the low success rate of this strategy.  相似文献   

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