透明质酸、Ⅲ型前胶原、层粘连蛋白对肝纤维化诊断价值的研究

应用放射免疫法测定８８例各种肝病患者血清透明质酸（ＨＡ）、Ⅲ型前胶原（ＰＣⅢ）和层粘连蛋白（ＬＮ）水平。结果发现随着肝病慢性化的进展，三者均逐渐增高，肝硬化时达最高值。在３３例经病理学证实的病例中，慢性活动性肝炎及肝硬化时ＨＡ、ＰＣⅢ、ＬＮ与肝纤维组织增生程度密切相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），且与白蛋白／球蛋白比值呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＨＡ、ＰＣⅢ、ＬＮ对肝纤维化诊断有较高价值。     

大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化形成过程中骨桥蛋白的表达及其意义

目的 通过观察非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化形成过程中肝组织内骨桥蛋白(OPN)的变化规律,探讨OPN在非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化形成过程中的作用. 方法选用纯系Wistar雄性大鼠56只,体质量180～200g,随机分为正常对照组和高脂饮食4、8、12,16、20、24周组(其中每组各8只).肝组织常规进行HE及Masson三色胶原染色,免疫组织化学染色检测肝组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达,RT-PeR、Western blot观察肝组织中OPN动态变化.结果 与正常对照组相比,高脂饲料组大鼠肝脏内OPN含量明显升高,随着脂肪肝程度的加重,OPN表达逐渐增强,mRNA及蛋白质表达比较,F值分别为7.30和7.15,尸值均<0.01;与α-平滑肌肌动蛋白表达及肝组织胶原纤维面积百分比呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.94和0.82,P值均<0.01).结论 在非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化形成过程中,OPN在肝组织中表达显著上调,可能在非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化的形成过程中发挥重要作用.     

非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠部分肝切除术后肝再生功能的变化

目的 探讨大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）部分肝脏切除术后肝再生功能的变化。方法 80只Wistar大鼠，随机分为正常对照组（C组，35只）与NAFLD组（F组，45只），C组给予正常饮食喂养，F组给予高脂饲料喂养。在喂养至第12周时行70％肝切除术，两组动物分别于术后0、1、12、24、36h处死，取出残肝，计算再生肝重比；光镜下计数核分裂肝细胞；透射电镜观察术后肝细胞超微结构的变化；免疫组织化学染色法检测增殖细胞核抗原阳性表达率；半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测细胞周期蛋白D1的表达变化。结果 光镜和电镜观察显示F组肝窦狭窄迂曲，细胞质内大量脂滴沉积，细胞核小，细胞器少，能量代谢及细胞增殖均不活跃。F组术后12、24、36h核分裂相计数明显低于C组同时相点（P〈0．01）；F组术后再生肝重比、S期细胞分数及增殖指数也较C组下降，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；F组增殖细胞核抗原阳性率、细胞周期蛋白D1的mRNA表达在术后12、24、36h均明显低于C组同时相点（P〈0．01）。结论 中至重度NAFLD大鼠部分肝切除术后DNA合成高峰滞后，肝再生延迟，再生进程主要被阻滞在细胞周期的G1／S期调控点。     

I,IV型胶原及板层素在肝纤维化大鼠肝窦周围的变化

运用免疫组化方法检测大鼠肝脏的Ｉ，ＩＶ型胶原及板层素（ＬＭ），发现三者在正常大鼠肝窦周围均有少量存在。在经ＣＣｌ４刺激后造成肝纤维化大鼠的肝脏，第６周造模组肝窦周围Ｉ型胶原与正常组相似，ＩＶ型胶原明显减少，ＬＭ增多，第１１周造模组大鼠肝窦周围的Ｉ型胶原仍无增多，ＩＶ型胶原进一步减少，ＬＭ则比第６周末明显降低，提示肝纤维化时，大鼠肝脏内皮细胞和肝细胞之间大量的功能性基底膜遭受破坏，但因连续性基底膜的     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者血清肝纤维化指标的变化

NFALD可并发脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、肝纤维化和肝硬化,NASH可能是隐源性肝硬化的病因之一。本研究通血清Ⅲ型前胶原肽(PCⅢ)、CⅣ、LN、HA四项指标的测定,探讨NFALD肝纤维化倾向,并应用临床诊断性能(ROC)曲线综合评估了这些指标在单纯非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFL)、NASH中的检测意义。一、资料与方法     

整合素α6在肝窦毛细血管化中的表达

目的探讨整合素α6在肝窦毛细血管化时的表达情况. 方法皮下注射四氯化碳制备大鼠肝纤维化模型,进行层粘连蛋白(LN)及其整合素受体α6免疫组织化学检测及整合素α6斑点免疫印迹研究. 结果动态观察了LN在肝纤维化时沿肝窦在Disse间隙沉积形成肝窦毛细血管化;正常时整合素α6局限于汇管区血管内皮和胆管内皮细胞膜上,窦内皮细胞(SEC)上无表达,肝窦毛细血管化时,SEC出现整合素α6阳性表达沿肝窦连续分布,整合素α6在纤维化时组织中含量明显高于正常(P＜0.05). 结论肝窦毛细血管化时SEC出现整合素α6亚基的诱导表达.     

抵抗素在非酒精性脂肪肝病中对胰岛素抵抗和肝纤维化的作用

目的:探讨抵抗素(resistin)在非酒精性脂肪肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)中对胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistin,IR)及肝纤维化的作用.方法:应用高脂饮食喂养Wistar大鼠建立NAFLD肝纤维化模型.健康♂,Wistar大鼠30只,随机分成正常对照组和模型组,各15只,分别给予普通饲料和高脂饲料喂养.分别于第15、18、21周末将对照组和模型组随机各处理5只.检测空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)、层粘蛋白(LN)水平,采用稳态模型评估法(HOMA)评估IR(HOMA-IR);HE、VG染色及电镜观察肝组织纤维化情况.RT-PCR法检测大鼠肝组织中resistin基因mRNA表达.结果:随着高脂喂养时间的延长,HE、VG染色及电镜观察肝组织病理学显示大鼠肝脏脂肪变性及肝纤维化程度逐渐加重,NAFLD模型组HOMA-IR、PCⅢ、LN、CⅣ、HA、resistin逐渐增加,且以21wk时升高最为明显,分别为33.74g/L±10.41g/L、2.96g/L±0.76g/L、4.14g/L±1.07g/L、19.07g/L±2.78g/L、848.87g/L±204.04g/L、0.99g/L±0.10g/L,与相应时相对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01).Spearman相关性分析抵抗素与HOMA-IR、PCⅢ、LN、CⅣ、HA呈显著正相关,相关系数r分别为0.77、0.80、0.68、0.67、0.76(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论:在NAFLD纤维化形成过程中,抵抗素表达升高诱导IR并促使肝纤维化的形成与进展.     

解偶联蛋白2与非酒精性脂肪肝

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)包括单纯性脂肪肝及脂肪性肝炎，后者可以进展为肝纤维化和肝硬化，其发病机制尚不十分清楚。解偶联蛋白2(uncoupling protein-2，UCP2)由于其在NAFLD中的独特作用而日益受到学者的重视。现就UCP2在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中发生的可能作用作一综述。     

强肝胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化的疗效

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是遗传-环境-代谢应激相关性肝病,肝纤维化是NAFLD发展中的关键阶段,是向肝硬化发展的重要病理过程.肝纤维化发病机制尚未完全明了,目前也缺乏有效安全的抗肝纤维化的治疗方案.本研究应用强肝胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化患者半年,观察其在抗肝纤维化方面的疗效,并探讨其机制.     

强肝胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化的临床研究

目的：观察强肝胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化的疗效。方法：将104例非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化患者随机分为两组。对照组40例进行基础护肝治疗,治疗组64例在此基础上加用强肝胶囊治疗,疗程均为6个月,观察治疗前后的临床症状、肝功能、肝纤维化谱、肝脏B超、肝脏MR扩散加权成像及肝脏病理情况。结果：治疗组患者治疗前后比较,其临床症状缓解,肝功能恢复,肝纤维化谱、肝脏B超、肝脏MR扩散加权成像及肝脏病理均显示出肝脏纤维化程度明显减轻,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。治疗组与对照组治疗后比较肝纤维化程度明显改善,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。结论：强肝胶囊不仅改善患者临床症状及肝功能,而且具有明显的改善肝脏纤维化程度的作用,是治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝纤维化的有效药物之一。     

Apoptosis and fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is becoming an increasingly common medical problem in the developed countries which, unfortunately, still is associated with the lack of any effective treatment. However, recent data favor a model in which a pathologically increased rate of hepatocytic apoptosis and the subsequent induction and upregulation of inflammation and fibrosis in the liver provide both a rationale for the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as a clue for designing first effective therapeutic strategies. In order to illuminate this context, this article focuses on the pathogenesis and possible new therapeutic options in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.     

Clinical assessment and management of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is among the most frequent etiologies of cirrhosis worldwide, and it is associated with features of metabolic syndrome; the key factor influencing its prognosis is the progression of liver fibrosis. This review aimed to propose a practical and stepwise approach to the evaluation and management of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, analyzing the currently available literature. In the assessment of NAFLD patients, it is important to identify clinical, genetic, and environmental determinants of fibrosis development and its progression. To properly detect fibrosis, it is important to take into account the available methods and their supporting scientific evidence to guide the approach and the sequential selection of the best available biochemical scores, followed by a complementary imaging study(transient elastography, magnetic resonance elastography or acoustic radiation force impulse) and finally a liver biopsy, when needed. To help with the selection of the most appropriate method a Fagan′s nomogram analysis is provided in this review, describing the diagnostic yield of each method and their post-test probability of detecting liver fibrosis. Finally, treatment should always include diet and exercise, as well as controlling the components of the metabolic syndrome, +/-vitamin E, considering the presence of sleep apnea, and when available, allocate those patients with advanced fibrosis or high risk of progression into clinical trials. The final end of this approach should be to establish an opportune diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, aiming to decrease/stop its progression and improve their prognosis.     

Non-invasive markers associated with liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

The diagnosis of fibrosis within liver disease is important for prognosis, stratification for treatment, and monitoring of treatment efficacy. The rising incidence and prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has driven the search for accurate non-invasive tools of liver fibrosis within this condition. With the aid of a systematic review, we explore how the field has evolved from the discovery of simple blood parameters to panel markers of liver fibrosis. We will discuss the biological plausibility, limitations, potential uses, and emerging diagnostic techniques of non-invasive markers in this rapidly expanding field.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病肝纤维化的无创评估进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一种与胰岛素抵抗和遗传易感性密切相关的代谢性肝损伤,已经成为慢性肝病的主要原因[1].年龄是NA-FLD的重要危险因素,随着我国饮食结构、生活习惯改变,NAFLD在老年入中的患病率将会持续增加[2].进展期肝纤维化是NA...     

Non-invasive markers to predict the liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of this study was to find a non-invasive marker, which could predict liver fibrosis without the need of liver biopsy in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). PATIENTS/METHODS: Fifty patients were included. All patients had one or more conditions that characterize the metabolic syndrome and histological proven NASH. Hyaluronic acid (HA), leptin (LT) and laminin (LN) were determined from serum withdrawn at the day of biopsy. RESULTS: Patients were divided into two groups according to the histological findings. The first group consisted of 23 patients with NASH and fibrosis and the second group had 27 patients with NASH, ballooned cells, without fibrosis. Subjects with NASH and fibrosis had statistically significantly higher HA and LN than those with NASH without fibrosis, P<0.001, respectively. In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference between the levels of serum LT in the two groups. The stage of liver fibrosis in the 23 patients of group 1 was related only to the values of hyaluronic acid (P<0.001) and not to the ones of LT and LN. CONCLUSION: Measurement of hyaluronic acid could be a predictive factor of the presence and stage of liver fibrosis in NASH. LN could be used to diagnose liver fibrosis but has no value in staging.     

Role of liver biopsy and serum markers of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and may progress to end-stage liver disease. Liver-related morbidity and mortality occur almost exclusively in patients whose disease progresses to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Presence and severity of liver fibrosis seem the most important indicators of long-term prognosis. Clinical and biochemical variables may help select NAFLD patients in whom liver biopsy may provide the most prognostic information. Some serum markers of liver fibrosis and imaging techniques aimed at measuring liver stiffness are under investigation as tools to determine severity of liver fibrosis in patients who have NAFLD, but none of them yet can replace liver biopsy.