Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Rhizome of Podophyllum hexandrum against Carbon Tetra Chloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Objective To test possible antioxidant activity of n-hexane extract of Podophyllum hexandrum under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Methods The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ability of the extract to interact with the stable free radical DPPH, Superoxide (O2-), Hydroxyl (OH-), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals, and reducing power ability of the extract was also evaluated. Under in vivo conditions the extract was evaluated for its hepatoprotective activity by measuring different biochemical parameters, such as serum alanine aminotransaminase, serum aspartate aminotransaminase and serum lactate dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes. Antioxidant status was estimated by determining the activities of antioxidative enzymes, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and by determining the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Results Hexane extract of P. hexandrum exhibited good radical scavenging capacity in neutralization of DPPH, O2-, OH -, and H2O2 radicals in a dose dependent manner. n-hexane extract of Podophyllum hexandrum at the doses of 20, 30, and 50 mg/kg-day produced hepatoprotective effect by decreasing the activity of serum marker enzymes, while it significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in a dose dependant manner. The effect of n-hexane extract was comparable to that of standard antioxidant vitamin E. Conclusion The extract of Podophyllum hexandrum possess free radical scavenging activity under in vitro conditions and could protect the liver tissue against CCl 4 induced oxidative stress probably by increasing antioxidant defense activities.     

Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞抗氧化能力的比较

 目的 比较Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞对氧化应激的抵抗并探讨其机制。  方法  ① H₂O₂处理Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞,噻唑蓝（MTT）法检测两型细胞的增殖水平;② 120μmol H₂O₂和800μmol H₂O₂分别处理Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞,流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平,酶标仪检测细胞内还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）水平,分光光度计检测细胞内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性 结果 在不进行处理的情况下,Ⅰ型子宫内膜癌细胞较Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞ROS水平及CAT活性较低,GSH水平、GSH/GSSG比值及SOD和GPx活性较高（P＜0.01）。在氧化应激条件下,Ⅰ型子宫内膜癌细胞GSH水平及GSH/GSSG比值下降,SOD和CAT活性降低（P＜0.01）;Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞GSH、GSSG水平明显升高,GSH/GSSG比值略有升高,SOD、CAT和GPx活性升高（P＜0.01）。  结论  Ⅱ型子宫内膜癌细胞与Ⅰ型子宫内膜癌细胞相比较,其本身ROS水平较高,细胞内抗氧化系统及抗氧化酶系统对氧化刺激可进行有效应答,细胞不易受到氧化损伤。     

地鳖多糖提取物的体内外抗氧化作用

【摘要】 目的 研究地鳖多糖提取物体内外抗氧化作用。 方法 体外试验通过采用分光光度法、邻苯三酚自氧化法和Fe2 -邻二氮菲法分别检测地鳖多糖对二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH?)、超氧阴离子自由基（O2-?）和羟自由基（OH?）的清除,检测体外红细胞氧化溶血和肝脏线粒体肿胀程度。体内试验采用小鼠连续灌胃不同剂量（0、40、80、160mg/kg）地鳖多糖提取物20天,硫代巴比妥酸（TBA）比色法法测定小鼠不同组织丙二醛（MDA）含量,分光光度法检测抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、GSH-PX）活力 结果 与对照组比较,地鳖多糖组对自由基（DPPH?、O2-?和OH?）清除率随多糖浓度升高而显著提高;地鳖多糖浓度在0.4~2mg/mL范围内其对铁还原力逐渐提高;体外红细胞氧化溶血和线粒体肿胀显著降低。多糖组小鼠肝肾组织和血清中MDA含量降低,SOD、CAT、GSH-PX抗氧化酶活力提高并明显高于对照组。结论 地鳖多糖提取物能够清除自由基,降低自由基引起细胞氧化损伤,抑制组织中过氧化物生成,提高抗氧化酶活力,具有显著的体内外抗氧化作用。     

橙皮苷对小鼠抗氧化作用及抗氧化酶基因表达的影响

目的 探讨橙皮苷(HDN)对机体抗氧化作用的影响。方法 采用分光光度法、邻苯三酚自氧化法和Fe²⁺-邻二氮菲法检测HDN体外清除自由基、抑制线粒体肿胀和红细胞氧化溶血;实验小鼠灌服不同浓度HDN(0、80、160、320 mg/kg)连续12 d,ELISA和分光光度法检测小鼠组织中MDA含量,抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、GSH-PX)活力,RT-PCR技术分析抗氧化物酶mRNA表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,HDN组自由基(·OH、O₂^-·、DPPH·)清除率明显提高,小鼠红细胞体外氧化溶血和线粒体肿胀显著降低;小鼠组织及血清中MDA含量降低,抗氧化酶SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活力明显高于对照组,组织中抗氧化酶mRNA(SOD、CAT、GSH-PX)表达上调。结论 HDN能够清除自由基,降低自由基引起的细胞氧化损伤,抑制过氧化物生成,上调抗氧化酶基因表达及提高酶活力,呈现良好的抗氧化作用。     

Effect of Oenanthe Javanica Extract on Antioxidant Enzyme in the Rat Liver

Background:

Oenanthe javanica (O. javanica) has been known to have high antioxidant properties via scavenging reactive oxygen species. We examined the effect of O. javanica extract (OJE) on antioxidant enzymes in the rat liver.

Methods:

We examined the effect of the OJE on copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the rat liver using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups; (1) normal diet fed group (normal-group), (2) diet containing ascorbic acid (AA)-fed group (AA-group) as a positive control, (3) diet containing OJE-fed group (OJE-group).

Results:

In this study, no histopathological finding in the rat liver was found in all the experimental groups. Numbers of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and GPx immunoreactive cells and their protein levels were significantly increased in the AA-fed group compared with those in the normal-group. On the other hand, in the OJE-group, numbers of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and GPx immunoreactive cells in the liver were significantly increased by about 190%, 478%, 685%, and 346%, respectively, compared with those in the AA-group. In addition, protein levels of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and GPx in the OJE-group were also significantly much higher than those in the AA-group.

Conclusion:

OJE significantly increased expressions of SOD1 and SOD2, CAT, and GPx in the liver cells of the rat, and these suggests that significant enhancements of endogenous enzymatic antioxidants by OJE might be a legitimate strategy for decreasing oxidative stresses in the liver.     

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with breast cancer

INTRODUCTION: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants as biomarkers in human plasma. METHODS: The extent of lipid peroxidation as evidenced by the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and conjugated dienes (CD) as well as the status of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in serum samples of 40 breast cancer patients in and around Coimbatore, India, were studied. Controls consisted of members of the public with no previous history of breast cancer or other cancer-related diseases. RESULTS: The plasma samples of the breast cancer patients showed enhanced level of lipid peroxidation when compared to the corresponding controls. This was accompanied by a significant elevation in both enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate the significant increase in lipid peroxidation as evidenced by the level of TBARS and antioxidant status such as elevated SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and GST in samples from breast cancer patients compared to controls.     

Lead Induced Oxidative Stress： Beneficial Effects of Kombucha Tea

Objective To evaluate the effect of oral administration of Kombucha tea (K-tea) on lead induced oxidative stress. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1mL of 3.8% lead acetate solution daily alone or in combination with K-tea orally for 45d, and the antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Results Oral administration of lead acetate to rats enhanced lipid peroxidation and release of creatine phosphokinase and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and andoxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx). Lead treatment did not alter humoral immunity, but inhibited DTH response when compared to the control.Lead administration also increased DNA fragmentation in liver. Oral administration of Kombucha tea to rats exposed to lead decreased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage with a concomitant increase in the reduced glutathione level and GPx activity. Kombucha tea supplementation relieved the lead induced immunosuppression to appreciable levels. Conclusion The results suggest that K-tea has potent antioxidant and immunomodulating properties.     

Biochemical changes in grape rootstocks resulted from humic acid treatments in relation to nematode infection

Objective

To investigate the effect of humic acid on nematode infected, resistant and susceptible grapes in relation to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant mechanisms on selected biochemical parameters known as proactive substances.

Methods

The grape rootstocks, superior, superior/freedom and freedom were reacted differently to Meloidogyne incognita and Rotylenchulus reniformis according to rootstock progenitor. Two weeks after inoculation, two commercial products of humic acid were applied at the rate of (2, 4 mL or grams/plant) as soil drench. After 4 months, nematode soil populations were extracted and counted. A subsample of roots from each plant was stained and gall numbers, embedded stages per root were calculated, final population, nematode build up (Pf/Pi), average of eggs/eggmass were estimated. Subsamples of fresh root of each treatment were chemically analyzed.

Results

Freedom reduced significantly the nematode criteria and build up. Humic acid granules appeared to be more suppressive to nematode build up on superior and the higher dose on superior/freedom than liquid treatments. On freedom, all treatments reduced significantly the nematode build up regardless to the material nature. The higher dose was more effective than the lower one. As a result of humic acid applications, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and H₂O₂ contents were significantly reduced after humic acid treatments while the antioxidant compounds glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (ASA) and total phenol contents were significantly increased when compared with check. Antioxidant defense enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)showed significant increase in their specific activities in treated plants compared with nematode treated check.

Conclusions

Humic acid treatments improve the yield of grape by increasing the contents of antioxidant compounds and the specific activities of antioxidant enzymes.     

Effects of Schisanhenol on respiratory burst in rat neutrophils

Schisanhenol(Sal),anactivecomponentisolatedfrailSchizandraerubriflora,hasbeendemonstratedtohaveprotectiveeffectagainstCCI',galactosamineandacetaminopheninducedliverinjuryandsuggestedasananti--oxid..t(1'2).Histologicalinvestigationsshowedthattherewereinfiltrationofpolymorphonuclearcellsandmacrophagesintheinjuredliverinducedbygalactosamine(').Schlay,etal(4)discoveredthatbothneutrophildegenerationandlivercellleakageinthegalactosamineinducedliverinjurycanbeprotectedbyturpentinepretreatment,sugge…     

Comparison of Antioxidant Status between Pilots and Non-flight Staff of the Army Force:Pilots May Need More Vitamin C

Objective To compare the blood antioxidant levels and dietary antioxidant intakes between pilots and non-flight staff of the Army Force in The Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods Thirty-seven helicopter pilots and 40 non-flight staff were included in this study. Their general characteristics were recorded and their weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Their daily intake of energy and nutrients including antioxidants was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity(TAC), malondialdehyde(MDA), and glutathione reductase(GR), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and catalase(CAT) in red blood cells were also measured. Results The median erythrocytes SOD, serum MDA level and the mean serum level of TAC and erythrocytes GPx were significantly higher in pilots than in non-flight staff. The median vitamin C intake was significantly lower in pilots than in non-flight staff. The serum MDA levels were similar in non-flight staff and pilots when their vitamin C intake was ≤168 mg and significantly lower in non-flight staff than in pilots when their vitamin C intake was 168 mg. Conclusion The serum MDA level is lower in non-flight staff than in pilots when their vitamin C intake level is high, indicating that pilots need more vitamin C than non-flight staff.     

谷胱甘肽对KLE与HEC 1 b子宫内膜癌细胞生长的影响

目的比较还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）对KLE和HEC 1 b子宫内膜癌细胞生长的影响,并探讨其机制。方法①用GSH处理KLE和HEC 1 b子宫内膜癌细胞,噻唑蓝（MTT）法检测两型细胞的增殖水平;②用5 mmol/L GSH处理KLE和HEC 1 b子宫内膜癌细胞,流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平,酶标仪检测细胞内GSH和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）水平,分光光度计检测细胞内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH Px）活性。结果在不进行处理的情况下,KLE子宫内膜癌细胞较HEC 1 b子宫内膜癌细胞的ROS水平及CAT活性较低,GSH水平、GSH/GSSG比值及SOD和GSH Px活性较高（P＜0.01）。用GSH处理后,KLE子宫内膜癌细胞生长加快,细胞内ROS和GSH水平及GSH/GSSG比值下降,SOD、CAT和GSH Px活性降低（P＜0.01）;HEC 1 b子宫内膜癌细胞生长被抑制,细胞内ROS、GSH及GSSG水平下降,GSH/GSSG比值明显升高,CAT和GSH Px活性降低（P＜0.01）。结论GSH对两种子宫内膜癌细胞生长有明显不同的影响,与两种细胞内ROS水平和抗氧化系统活性有密切的关系。     

Evaluation of In Vitro Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Properites of Leaf Extract from Alpinia Purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum.

Objective: To evaluate the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of leaf extract from Alpinia purpurata. Methods: One gram of fresh leaf of Alpinia purpurata was grinded in 2 mL of 50% ethanol and centrifuged at 10,000×g at 4 ℃ for 10 min. The supernatant obtained was used within 4 h for various enzymatic antioxidants assays like superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), glutathione S-transferase(GST), ascorbate oxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, total reduced glutathione(TRG) and lipid peroxidation(LPO). Results: The leaf extract of Alpinia purpurata possess antioxidants like vitamin C 472.92±6.80 μg/mg protein, GST 372.11±5.70 μmol of 1-chloro 2,4 dinitrobenzene(CDNB)-reduced glutathione(GSH) conjugate formed/min/mg protein, GPx 281.69±6.43 μg of glutathione oxidized/min/mg protein, peroxidases 173.12±9.40 μmol/g tissue, TRG 75.27±3.55 μg/mg protein, SOD 58.03±2.11 U/mg protein, CAT 46.70±2.35 μmol of H_2O_2 consumed/min/mg protein in high amount whereas ascorbate oxidase 17.41±2.46 U/g tissue, LPO 2.71±0.14 nmol/L of malondialdehyde formed/min/mg protein and PPO 1.14±0.11 μmol/g tissue in moderate amount. Conclusion: Alpinia purpurata has the potential to scavenge the free radicals and protect against oxidative stress causing diseases. In future, Alpinia purpurata may serve as a good pharmacotherapeutic agent.     

Redox status in the sentinel lymph node of women with breast cancer

Background: Lymphatic metastasis is regulated in multiple steps including the transit of tumor cells via the lymphatic vessels and the successful seeding in draining lymph nodes. Thus, several molecular signals and cellular changes must be involved in this complex process to facilitate tumor cell entry, colonization, and survival in the lymph node. To our knowledge, the present work explores, for the first time in the literature, the redox status (oxidative stress parameters and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems) in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) of women with breast cancer.

Patients and methods: SLNs from 75 women with breast cancer were identified using the one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) method as negative (n?=?43), with micrometastases (n?=?13), or with macrometastases (n?=?19). It will allow us to gain knowledge about the pro-oxidant/antioxidant mechanisms involved in the processes of distant metastases in breast cancer and also to assess whether these parameters may be alternative techniques for staging.

Results: We found different levels of lipid peroxidation in SLNs with micrometastases (increased) and macrometastases (decreased), a decrease in carbonyl group content in SLNs with macrometastases only, and an increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in SNLs with micrometastases and macrometastases. A decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) also appears in the SLNs with macrometastases only. Finally, we show increased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in SLNs with micrometastases and macrometastases, and decreased levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in SNLs with macrometastases but not with micrometastases.

Conclusions: Redox status of lymph node microenvironment participates in the progression of metastatic breast cancer.     

Effects of Carpobrotus edulis Extract on Oxidative Stress and 158N Oligodendrocyte Death

Objective Age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, are associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and increase the levels of cholesterol auto-oxidation products such as 7β-hydroxycholesterol(7β-OHC). Thus, it is imperative to identify agents that can prevent 7β-OHC-induced side-effects. Methods We evaluated the potential protective effects of Carpobrotus edulis ethanol-water extract(EWe) on murine oligodendrocytes(158 N) cultured in the absence or presence of 7β-OHC(20 μg/mL, 24 h). The cells were incubated with EWe(20-200 μg/mL) 2 h before 7β-OHC treatment. Mitochondrial activity and cell growth were evaluated with the MTT assay. Photometric methods were used to analyze antioxidant enzyme [catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)] activities and the generation of lipid and protein oxidation products [malondialdehyde(MDA), conjugated diene(CD), and carbonylated proteins(CPs)]. Results Treatment with 7β-OHC induced cell death and oxidative stress(reflected by alteration in CAT and SOD activities). Overproduction of lipid peroxidation products(MDA and CDs) and CPs was also reported. The cytotoxic effects associated with 7β-OHC were attenuated by 160 μg/mL of EWe of C. edulis. Cell death induced by 7β-OHC treatment was ameliorated, GPx and CAT activities were restored to normal, and MDA, CD, and CP levels were reduced following C. edulis extract treatment. Conclusion These data demonstrate the protective activities of C. edulis EWe against 7β-OHC-induced disequilibrium in the redox status of 158 N cells, indicative of the potential role of this plant extract in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.     

糖尿病大鼠肾脏抗氧化防御机能的变化

目的：探讨糖尿病对肾脏抗氧化防御机能的影响。方法：观察12周糖尿病大鼠肾皮质丙二醛（MDA）及谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平,以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－PX）、谷胱甘肽S－转移酶（GSH－ST）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的变化。结果：糖尿病大鼠肾组织中SOD、GSH－ST及CAT活性下降,GSH含量显降低;MDA没有变化;GSH－PX活性却明显增强。结论：糖尿病大鼠肾组织抗氧化防御机能明显下降。     

地鳖多肽提取物的抗氧化衰老机制

目的 探讨地鳖多肽(ESW polypeptide)提取物抗氧化衰老机制的研究.方法 小鼠连续腹腔注射D-半乳糖20 d,建立衰老模型,同时小鼠灌服不同剂量地鳖多肽提取物每日(0、40、80、160 mg/kg),观察小鼠的正常活动、运动和耐应激能力.分别采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法、分光光度法检测小鼠血液和不同组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力,以及丙二醛(MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量;免疫荧光法检测细胞核转录因子2(Nrf2)在Caco-2细胞的表达. 结果 与对照和多肽组比较,衰老组小鼠体重增重缓慢、组织脏器系数降低、运动时间缩短、抗应激能力降低、组织中抗氧化酶活力降低.随着地鳖多肽剂量增加,多肽组小鼠体重增加明显,肝脏、脾脏和肾脏指数增加显著,小鼠静力和动力运动时间明显延长,小鼠耐缺氧、耐高温和运动时间延长并接近对照组,血液和不同组织中的SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活力及GSH含量显著提高,但MDA含量降低.与对照组比较,地鳖多肽组Caco-2细胞核内Nrf2表达量明显增加,接近阳性对照组. 结论 地鳖多肽可能通过启动Nrf2-ARE抗氧化信号通路,提高D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗应激和抗氧化能力,从而延缓小鼠氧化衰老.     

Exposure to static magnetic field of pregnant rats induces hepatic GSH elevation but not oxidative DNA damage in liver and kidney

BACKGROUND: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the effects of subacute exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) on some parameters indicative of oxidative stress and on oxidative DNA damage in pregnant rat. METHODS: Females rats (n = 6) were exposed to a SMF (128 mT; 1 h/day) from day 6 to day 19 of pregnancy and were allowed to deliver normally. The control group (n = 6) was not exposed to SMF. Dams were sacrificed 3 days after delivery. The effects of subacute exposure to SMF on oxidative states were assessed on the measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT). The level of 8-oxo-dG was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection. RESULTS: Subacute exposure to SMF failed to alter plasma GPx, MDA, CAT and SOD respectively in liver and kidney. By contrast, SMF increased total GSH (+56%, p <0.05) and reduced GSH (+108%, p <0.05) in liver. Our results showed that the exposure to SMF did not induce oxidative DNA lesions in liver and kidney. CONCLUSIONS: The data do not provide evidence that subacute SMF exposure causes DNA damage in liver and kidney in pregnant rats. The present results suggest that hepatic GSH plays an important role in protection against SMF during pregnancy. These changes in antioxidant status (GSH) lead to some adaptive responses due to activation of systems controlling the body oxidative mechanism balance.     

NANOG Alleviates the Damage of Human Hair Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Caused by H_2O_2 through Activation of AKT Pathway

Objective To explore the protective effect of NANOG against hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)-induced cell damage in the human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells(hHF-MSCs). Methods NANOG was expressed from a lentiviral vector, pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen. NANOG hHF-MSCs and vector hHF-MSCs were treated with 400 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) for 2 h, the cell survival rate, cell morphology, ROS production, apoptosis and expression of AKT, ERK, and p21 were determined and compared. Results Our results showed that NANOG could activate AKT and upregulate the expression of p-AKT, but not p-ERK. When treated with 400 μmol/L H_2O_2, NANOG hHF-MSCs showed higher cell survival rate, lower ROS production and apoptosis, higher expression of p-AKT, higher ratio of p-AKT/AKT. Conclusion Our results suggest that NANOG could protect hHF-MSCs against cell damage caused by H_2O_2 through activating AKT signaling pathway.     

Antioxidative and antidiabetic activities of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) juice on oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar albino rats

Background:

The nutritional and medicinal importance of watermelon has been emphasized and its diseases preventive and curative power must be evaluated. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the antioxidative and antidiabetic potentials of watermelon.

Materials and Methods:

The in vivo assay was carried out on 15 male albino rats which were divided into groups of three stages. In stage I, all animals received normal feeds and water for 1-week after, which five animals were selected and sacrificed for biochemical analyses which form the nondiabetic control, group. The remaining animals were fasted for 24 h before injected intra-peritoneally with a freshly prepared solution of alloxan at a dosage of 35 mg/kg body weight. Five out of the 10 rats were sacrificed as diabetic group while last five animals were fed with water melon juice for a week after, which they were sacrificed to form the treated group animals. In all the groups, body weights, fasting blood sugar, total protein level in the blood, and other biochemical parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration; catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) % inhibition activities were determined.

Results:

The results of the biochemical analyses showed a significant increase in the concentration of blood glucose level after treatment with alloxan, which indicates that diabetic was induced. Hence, watermelon juice caused increased in weight, hypoglycemia; and increases in GSH, GPx, catalase, and SOD % inhibition activities with reduced MDA concentration after treatments.

Conclusion:

The watermelon juice resulted in the restoration of impaired conditions of the rats.     

蓝莓花青素对由H2O2诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用

目的 通过建立人脐静脉内皮细胞株（human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs）氧化应激损伤细胞模型,探讨蓝莓花青素是否能够对H₂O₂引起的细胞损伤具有保护作用。方法 采用过氧化氢（H₂O₂）创建ECV304氧化应激损伤细胞模型,实验分为正常对照组、H₂O₂组、蓝莓花青素低、中、高剂药物组,药物组中加入蓝莓花青素培养2h后,再加入H₂O₂继续培养6h,采用MTT法检测细胞活力,流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化情况及细胞凋亡率。结果 细胞活力与H₂O₂浓度及其作用的时间呈相关性下降趋势,在一定浓度范围内蓝莓花青素对细胞具有保护作用。结论 蓝莓花青素对由H₂O₂引起的氧化应激损伤具有一定保护作用。