Comfort in big numbers: Does over-estimation of doping prevalence in others indicate self-involvement?

Background  

The 'False Consensus Effect' (FCE), by which people perceive their own actions as relatively common behaviour, might be exploited to gauge whether a person engages in controversial behaviour, such as performance enhancing drug (PED) use.     

Associations between sexual behaviour change in young people and decline in HIV prevalence in Zambia

Background  

Evidence suggests that HIV prevalence amongst young Zambians has declined recently, especially in higher-education groups. We studied trends in key sexual behaviour indicators among 15–24 year-olds from 1995 to 2003, including the associations between sexual behaviour change and education.     

Associations between sport and screen-entertainment with mental health problems in 5-year-old children

Background  

Few studies have examined the benefits of regular physical activity, and risks of sedentary behaviour, in young children. This study investigated associations between participation in sports and screen-entertainment (as components of physical activity and sedentary behaviour), and emotional and behavioural problems in this population.     

The effect of alcohol advertising, marketing and portrayal on drinking behaviour in young people: systematic review of prospective cohort studies

Background  

The effect of alcohol portrayals and advertising on the drinking behaviour of young people is a matter of much debate. We evaluated the relationship between exposure to alcohol advertising, marketing and portrayal on subsequent drinking behaviour in young people by systematic review of cohort (longitudinal) studies.     

Smoking,cessation and expenditure in low income Chinese: cross sectional survey

Background  

This study was carried-out to explore smoking behaviour and smoking expenditure among low income workers in Eastern China to inform tobacco control policy.     

Diets and selected lifestyle practices of self-defined adult vegetarians from a population-based sample suggest they are more 'health conscious'

Background  

This study is an application of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) with additional variables to predict the motivations to prevent weight gain. In addition, variations in measures across individuals classified into Precaution Adoption Process stages (PAPM-stages) of behaviour change were investigated.     

Changes in leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behaviour at retirement: a prospective study in middle-aged French subjects

Background  

Longitudinal studies on physical activity patterns around retirement age are scarce and provide divergent findings. Little is known about changes in sedentary behaviour in this context. Our aim was to investigate relationships between retirement and 3-year changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) patterns and sedentary behaviour in middle-aged French adults.     

Partnership work between Public Health and Health Psychology: introduction to a novel training programme

Background  

Public health services implement individual, community and population level interventions to change health behaviours, improve healthy life expectancy and reduce health inequalities. Understanding and changing health behaviour is complex. Integrating behaviour change theory and evidence into interventions has the potential to improve services.     

Validation of questionnaires to estimate adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and life habits in older individuals in Southern Spain

Objective  

The aim of the present study was to determine the nutritional behaviour of an elderly urban population in Southern Spain, estimating their degree of adherence to the Mediterranean.     

Prediction of leisure-time walking: an integration of social cognitive, perceived environmental, and personality factors

Background  

Walking is the primary focus of population-based physical activity initiatives but a theoretical understanding of this behaviour is still elusive. The purpose of this study was to integrate personality, the perceived environment, and planning into a theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework to predict leisure-time walking.     

Maternal feeding practices,child eating behaviour and body mass index in preschool-aged children: a prospective analysis

Background  

Previous research has found associations between parental feeding practices and children's eating behaviour and weight status. Prospective research is needed to elucidate these relationships.     

Poor social relations and adverse health behaviour: stronger associations in low socioeconomic groups?

Objective  

Poor social relations are supposed to contribute to adverse health behaviour. We examined this association and the role of low socio-economic position.     

A school-based universal programme to prevent depression and to build up life skills

Aim  

To prevent the development and increase of depressive symptoms in adolescents by empowering adolescents to improve their life skills, to foster their realistic thinking, and to influence school behaviour.     

Mass community cycling events: Who participates and is their behaviour influenced by participation?

Background  

Participation in mass physical activity events may be a novel approach for encouraging inactive or low active adults to trial an active behaviour. The public health applicability of this strategy has not been investigated thoroughly. The purpose of this study to was describe participants in a mass cycling event and examine the subsequent effect on cycling behaviour.     

Social inequalities in changes in health-related behaviour among Slovak adolescents aged between 15 and 19: A longitudinal study

Background  

Lower socioeconomic position is generally associated with higher rates of smoking and alcohol consumption and lower levels of physical activity. Health-related behaviour is usually established during late childhood and adolescence. The aim of this study is to explore changes in health-related behaviour in a cohort of adolescents aged between 15 and 19, overall and by socioeconomic position.     

Care seeking behaviour for childhood illness- a questionnaire survey in western Nepal

Background  

The World Health Organization estimates that seeking prompt and appropriate care could reduce child deaths due to acute respiratory infections by 20%. The purpose of our study was to assess care seeking behaviour of the mothers during childhood illness and to determine the predictors of mother's care seeking behaviour.     

Patterns of drug use among a sample of drug users and injecting drug users attending a General Practice in Iran

Aim  

This study aimed to examine drug use, drug treatment history and risk behaviour among a sample of Iranian drug users seeking treatment through a general practice clinic in Iran.     

Nurses’ sense of coherence and their work related patterns of behaviour

Objectives  

This paper is a report on the relationship between a sense of coherence (and its components) and work related patterns of behaviour in the group of nurses.     

A theoretical framework to describe communication processes during medical disability assessment interviews

Background  

Research in different fields of medicine suggests that communication is important in physician-patient encounters and influences satisfaction with these encounters. It is argued that this also applies to the non-curative tasks that physicians perform, such as sickness certification and medical disability assessments. However, there is no conceptualised theoretical framework that can be used to describe intentions with regard to communication behaviour, communication behaviour itself, and satisfaction with communication behaviour in a medical disability assessment context.     

Gender differences in the association between pre-adolescent smoking initiation and emotional or behavioural problems

Background  

Emotional and behavioural problems are a risk factor for the initiation of smoking. In this study, we aimed to assess this relationship beyond clinical cut-off values of problem behaviour.