The use of full-thickness skin grafts to repair nonperforating nasal defects

BACKGROUND: Full-thickness skin grafts are traditionally thought of as inferior alternatives to local flaps in nasal reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to demonstrate that full-thickness skin grafts are viable alternatives to local flaps in the reconstruction of nonperforating defects extending through the dermis of the nose. METHODS: The literature was reviewed to determine the best donor sites for full-thickness skin grafts to repair defects on different regions of the nose. RESULTS: The optimal donor site for the repair of defects on the thin skin of the upper two thirds of the nose (dorsum and sidewall) is the preauricular area. The best donor site for the repair of defects on the thick, sebaceous skin of the lower one third of the nose (tip and ala) is the conchal bowl of the ear. Defects located on the transition zone between the upper two thirds and lower one third of the nose are best repaired with Burow's grafts or nasolabial fold grafts. CONCLUSION: Full-thickness skin grafts are excellent alternatives to local flaps in the reconstruction of nonperforating nasal defects provided that the surgeon selects the appropriate donor site based on whether the surgical defect is located on the thin, pliable skin of the upper nose or the thick, sebaceous skin of the lower nose.     

下唇肿瘤切除后缺损的手术修复

下唇肿瘤手术切除后的缺损修复对患者的远期生活质量有意义,不仅需考虑外观需要,其功能重建也不能忽视,一般应尽可能利用残余唇组织或对侧唇组织进行修复［１］。我们运用几种邻近组织瓣对小于1/2唇长度、且不累及口角的全层或部分下唇缺损的进行修复,现报道如下……     

Naevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis on the nose

Naevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis (NLCS) is an uncommon hamartomatous lesion with an exceptional presentation on the face. We report the case of an elderly patient who presented with a classic type of NLCS on the right nasal orifice. This patient was taking inhaled steroids for his allergic rhinitis during 35 years.     

Direct primary closure without undermining in the repair of vermilionectomy defects of the lower lip

Summary Background Vermilionectomy is an excisional technique for the treatment of lower lip squamous cell carcinoma and actinic cheilitis. The vermilionectomy defect is usually repaired by a labial mucosal advancement flap. Traditionally, the mucosal wound margins are widely undermined but this can be associated with significant postoperative morbidity. Objectives We describe our experience with a modified technique whereby lower lip vermilionectomy defects were repaired by direct primary closure without undermining and present the subsequent cosmetic, functional and sensory results. Methods and materials This is a retrospective case series of 21 patients who underwent vermilionectomy repair by direct closure without undermining. Combined data regarding the presence of any postoperative sensory, functional or cosmetic disturbance are presented. Results Complete data were available for 17 patients. Minimal sensory disturbance was noted in 10·5% of our patients 6 months postoperatively, which is less than previous studies. Similarly, labial scar tension was less frequent in our series; 94% of the patients were satisfied with cosmesis. Conclusions Direct closure without undermining is a simple, reproducible technique for repair of lower lip vermilionectomy defects and leads to excellent cosmetic, functional and sensory results in the majority of patients.     

全厚皮片移植修复治疗小儿先天性巨痣

【摘要】　目的　探讨应用全厚皮片移植法对小儿先天性巨痣的治疗效果。方法　2001年7月至2009年12月我科收治的其中6例小儿巨痣患者,予一次或分次切除小儿巨痣,均采用全厚皮片移植修复创面,下腹部取皮,供区直接缝合,植皮区采取打包固定。术后12天拆除植皮敷料换药。结果　6例小儿经过1～4次手术后,影响外观的病灶全部切除,植皮全部存活,外形良好,轻度色素沉着,无明显瘢痕增生形成,病灶无复发。结论 利用全厚皮片移植法治疗小儿巨痣,根据病灶部位、面积大小及外形要求,采取一次或多次手术治疗,手术简单,效果良好,尤其适合面部、超过肢体周径一半的肢体巨痣的治疗。     

Full thickness skin graft cover for lower limb defects following excision of cutaneous lesions

Excision of cutaneous lesions in the lower limb often results in defects that cannot be closed primarily. In comparison to split-skin grafts, full-thickness skin grafts achieve a better cosmetic outcome but take with more difficulty. We aimed to study the outcome of full-thickness graft resurfacing of such defects. This study included 28 patients who underwent excision of a total of 30 lesions with full-thickness skin grafts. The data gathered included site and size of the lesion, level of excision, method of fixation of the graft, histology results, graft take and presence of donor and recipient complications. The median age of the patients was 87 years. The mean size of the defect was 18.03 cm(2) (roughly 6 x 4 cm(2)). The graft take was good (>80%) in 18 full-thickness skin grafts, while it was partial (50-75%) in 7 patients and was poor (25% or less) in 5 patients. All excision wounds healed without any need for further surgery. Donor site complications occurred in 2 patients. We conclude that, following excision of lower limb lesions, primary full-thickness skin grafting is an effective and safe method of resurfacing defects in the lower limbs with a very low incidence of donor site complications.     

局部皮瓣修复鼻部皮肤恶性小肿瘤术后缺损54例

目的 探讨鼻部下1/3皮肤恶性小肿瘤手术切除后皮肤软组织缺损的多种皮瓣修复方法和效果.方法 手术切除鼻部皮损,术中病理示无残癌组织后,根据鼻缺损的部位、大小、形状以及周围皮肤情况等我们选择双叶皮瓣、双侧旋转皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣等方法进行皮肤软组织缺损的修复.结果 鼻部皮肤恶性小肿瘤54例,基底细胞癌39例占72.22%,鳞状细胞癌9例占16.67%,角化棘皮瘤6例占11.11%.切除后的缺损均位于鼻部下1/3,长径均未超过2.0 cm,术中修复缺损选择双叶皮瓣20例,双侧旋转皮瓣2例,鼻唇沟皮瓣32例,术后皮瓣全部成活,未见鼻部明显变形.随访5年未见复发.结论 局部双叶皮瓣、双侧旋转皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣等修复鼻部下1/3长径未超过2.0 cm的皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后的皮肤软组织缺损,可以获得较满意效果.     

局部皮瓣修复鼻部皮肤恶性小肿瘤术后缺损54例

目的 探讨鼻部下1/3皮肤恶性小肿瘤手术切除后皮肤软组织缺损的多种皮瓣修复方法和效果。方法 手术切除鼻部皮损,术中病理示无残癌组织后,根据鼻缺损的部位、大小、形状以及周围皮肤情况等我们选择双叶皮瓣、双侧旋转皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣等方法进行皮肤软组织缺损的修复。结果 鼻部皮肤恶性小肿瘤54例,基底细胞癌39例占72.22%,鳞状细胞癌9例占16.67%,角化棘皮瘤6例占11.11%。切除后的缺损均位于鼻部下1/3,长径均未超过2.0 cm,术中修复缺损选择双叶皮瓣20例,双侧旋转皮瓣2例,鼻唇沟皮瓣32例,术后皮瓣全部成活,未见鼻部明显变形。随访5年未见复发。结论 局部双叶皮瓣、双侧旋转皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣等修复鼻部下1/3长径未超过2.0 cm的皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后的皮肤软组织缺损,可以获得较满意效果。     

局部皮瓣修复鼻部皮肤恶性小肿瘤术后缺损54例

目的 探讨鼻部下1/3皮肤恶性小肿瘤手术切除后皮肤软组织缺损的多种皮瓣修复方法和效果.方法 手术切除鼻部皮损,术中病理示无残癌组织后,根据鼻缺损的部位、大小、形状以及周围皮肤情况等我们选择双叶皮瓣、双侧旋转皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣等方法进行皮肤软组织缺损的修复.结果 鼻部皮肤恶性小肿瘤54例,基底细胞癌39例占72.22%,鳞状细胞癌9例占16.67%,角化棘皮瘤6例占11.11%.切除后的缺损均位于鼻部下1/3,长径均未超过2.0 cm,术中修复缺损选择双叶皮瓣20例,双侧旋转皮瓣2例,鼻唇沟皮瓣32例,术后皮瓣全部成活,未见鼻部明显变形.随访5年未见复发.结论 局部双叶皮瓣、双侧旋转皮瓣、鼻唇沟皮瓣等修复鼻部下1/3长径未超过2.0 cm的皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后的皮肤软组织缺损,可以获得较满意效果.     

The use of itraconazole to treat cutaneous fungal infections in children

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous mycoses such as tinea capitis, onychomycosis and some cases of tinea corporis/cruris, and tinea pedis/manus require oral antifungal therapy. There is relatively limited data regarding the use of the newer oral antifungal agents, e.g. itraconazole, in the treatment of these mycoses in children. OBJECTIVE: We wished to determine the efficacy and safety of itraconazole continuous therapy in the management of cutaneous fungal infections in children. METHODS: Children with cutaneous mycoses were treated with itraconazole in an open-label manner in 4 studies. For tinea capitis, the treatment regimens using itraconazole continuous therapy were: study 1, 3 mg/kg/day for 4 or 8 weeks; study 2, 5 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks, and study 3, 5 mg/kg/ day for 4 weeks. In a different trial, study 4, itraconazole continuous therapy 5 mg/kg/day was used to treat toenail onychomycosis (duration: 12 weeks), tinea corporis/ cruris (duration: 1 week) and tinea pedis/manus (duration: 2 weeks). RESULTS: The efficacy rates at follow-up 12 weeks from the start of therapy in children with tinea capitis treated using the itraconazole continuous regimen were: clinical cure (CC) and mycological cure (MC) in study 1 (n = 10, Trichophyton violaceum all patients), CC 50%, MC 86%; in study 2 (n = 35, Microsporum canis 22 patients, Trichophyton sp. 12 patients), CC 82.8%, MC 80%, and in study 3 (n = 16, M. canis 11 patients, Trichophyton sp. 5 patients), (CC 66.7%, MC 78.5%. Itraconazole was also effective in the treatment of dermatomycoses in 24 children (study 4). The CC and MC rates at the follow-up 8 weeks from the start of therapy in children with dermatomycoses and 12 months in children treated for onychomycosis were: onychomycosis (n = 1, T. rubrum), CC 100%, MC 100%; tinea corporis (n = 12, M. canis 10 patients), CC 100%, MC 90%; tinea cruris (n = 3, Trichophyton sp. 2 patients), CC 100%, MC 100%; tinea manus (n = 1, T. rubrum), CC 100%, MC 100%, and tinea pedis (n = 7, T. rubrum), CC 100%, MC 100%). Adverse effects consisted of a cutaneous eruption in 1 (1.2%) of the 85 children, with mild, transient, asymptomatic elevation of liver function tests (less than twice the upper limit of normal) in 2 (3.4%) of 58 children in whom monitoring was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole is effective and safe in the treatment of tinea capitis and other cutaneous fungal infections in children.