天目当归和大叶当归化学成分研究

目的:研究天目当归和大叶当归的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果:从天目当归中鉴定得到1个倍半萜类化合物ligustilone(Ⅰ)和两个色原酮类化合物5-methoxyhamaudol(Ⅱ)、cimifugin(Ⅲ);从大叶当归中鉴定得到1个倍半萜类化合物ligustilone(Ⅳ)及1个简单香豆素当归醇(Ⅴ)。结论:所有化合物均为首次从此两种植物中分离得到;化合物Ⅳ为首次从当归属植物中分离得到。     

陈皮中黄酮类成分的研究

从陈皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到4种黄酮成分,3种成分鉴定为Natsudaidai(Ⅰ)、Nobiletin(Ⅱ)、3,5,6,7,8,3’,4’-heptamethoxyflavone(Ⅲ),其中化合物Ⅰ和化合物Ⅲ为首次从陈皮中分离得到。化合物Ⅳ待鉴定。     

无莉根黄酮类成分的分离和鉴定

从无莿根及炮制品藤婆茶饼的热水提取物中,用柱层析分离得到两种黄酮类成分。经理化性质和光谱数据,分别鉴定为双氢黄酮醇类化合物蛇葡萄素(Ampelopsin)和黄酮醇化合物杨梅素(Myricetin)。此两种成分均首次从该植物中得到。     

“地格达类”蒙药中国扁蕾全草的化学成分研究

目的:研究"地格达类"蒙药中国扁蕾全草的化学成分。方法:利用溶剂萃取、硅胶和葡聚糖凝胶等柱色谱方法分离纯化,通过质谱、核磁共振波谱鉴定化合物的结构。结果:从扁蕾全草中分离并鉴定了9个化合物,2种三萜类化合物(1、2),2种酮类化合物(3、9)和5种黄酮类化合物(4~8):齐墩果酸(1)、熊果酸(2)、1,7-二羟基-3,8-二甲氧基酮(3)、金圣草黄素(4)、木犀草素(5)、当药黄素(6)、金圣草黄素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、3,7,8-三甲氧基酮-1-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)。结论:化合物1~9均为首次从中国扁蕾中分离得到,化合物7为首次从龙胆科植物中分离得到。     

两似蟹甲草化学成分研究

目的:对两似蟹甲草化学成分进行研究。方法:对两似蟹甲草的化学成分利用各种色谱方法分离精制,利用各种波谱方法鉴定其结构。结果:从该药用植物中分离得到四种化合物,利用波谱方法确定它们的结构分别为对映-贝壳杉-16-烯-19-羧酸(1)、13β-贝壳杉-16β-醇(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)及1-甘油醇廿六烷酸酯(4)。结论:化合物1~4均为首次从该植物分离得到,其中化合物1、2为从本属植物中首次得到。     

中药羊蹄的化学成分研究

从羊蹄(Rumex japonicus Houtt.)根的丙酮提取物中分离鉴定了两个化合物:大黄素(Ⅰ)和芸香苷(Ⅱ).其中化合物Ⅱ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

紫穗槐果实化学成分

从紫穗槐Amorpha fruticosa L.果实的石油醚部分分离得到3个化合物,分别鉴定为5,7-二羟基-8-牻牛儿基双氢黄酮(5,7-dihydro-8-geranyl-flavanone,Ⅰ)、灰叶素(tephrosin,Ⅱ)、7,4′-二甲氧基异黄酮(7,4′-dimethoxyisoflavone,Ⅲ).化合物Ⅰ和Ⅲ为首次从紫穗槐中分离得到,3个化合物均为首次从中国产的紫穗槐果实中分离得到.     

国外医药信息

从热带灵芝子实体中分离得到一种新的nortriterpenoid 作者从热带灵芝子实体中分离得到1种新的nortriterpenoid和1种已知的lucidone D，并评价了两种化合物对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性。     

火棘果化学成分研究

从火棘Pyracantha fortuneana(Maxim.)Li.果中分离得到2个化合物,并用IR、UV、MS、~1HNMR进行了鉴定,分别为槲皮素-3-鼠李糖甙(1)和反式-肉桂酸(2),两种化合物均首次从该植物中分得。     

硬指叶苔化学成分的研究

目的对硬指叶苔L ep id oz ia v itrea的醇提物和水提物的化学成分进行研究,从中寻找生物活性成分。方法采用柱色谱方法进行化合物分离,通过波谱方法确定化合物结构。结果从其乙醇提取物中分离得到植物醇(Ⅰ)、7-羟基去氢白菖烯(Ⅱ)、瑞香内酯(Ⅲ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅳ);从其水提取物中分离得到两个多元醇类化合物,分别是D-g lycero-d-ga lacto-heptito l(Ⅴ)、D-erythro-L-ga lacto-octito l(Ⅵ)。结论6个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Cytotoxic alkylpiperidine alkaloids from the Brazilian marine sponge Pachychalina alcaloidifera

Four bis-piperidine alkaloids, madangamine F (1), haliclonacyclamine F (2). and arenosclerins D (3) and E (4), have been isolated from the marine sponge Pachychalina alcaloidifera and have been identified by analysis of spectroscopic data. The alkaloids displayed cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines. These results support the hypothesis of a common biogenetic origin for the Haplosclerida bis-piperidine and bis-pyridine alkaloids.     

Mukanadins A-C, new bromopyrrole alkaloids from marine sponge agelasnakamurai

Three new bromopyrrole alkaloids, mukanadins A-C (1-3), have been isolated from the Okinawan marine sponge Agelas nakamurai, and the structures were elucidated from spectroscopic data.     

Hachijodines A-G: seven new cytotoxic 3-alkylpyridine alkaloids from two marine sponges of the genera Xestospongia and amphimedon

Seven cytotoxic 3-alkylpyridine alkaloids, hachijodines A-G, have been isolated from two marine sponges of the genera Xestospongia and Amphimedon. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data. These alkaloids are moderately cytotoxic against P388 murine leukemia cells with IC(50) values of 1.0-2.3 microg/mL.     

Rigidins B-D,new pyrrolopyrimidine alkaloids from a tunicate Cystodytes species

Three new pyrrolopyrimidine alkaloids, rigidins B-D (1-3), have been isolated from an Okinawan marine tunicate Cystodytes sp., and the structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data.     

Two unprecedented dibromotyrosine-derived alkaloids from the Brazilian endemic marine sponge Aplysina caissara

Two new bromotyrosine-derived alkaloids, caissarine A (1) and caissarine B (2), along with three known biogenetically related alkaloids, aeroplysinin-1, fistularin-3, and the artifact of isolation 2-(3,5-dibromo-4-dimethoxy-1-hydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-yl)ethanamide, have been isolated from Aplysina caissara, an endemic species of marine sponge from the Southeastern Brazilian coast. The alkaloids have been identified by analysis of spectroscopic data. While caissarine A has a 2-hydroxyagmatine moiety in its structure, caissarin B is the first naturally occurring compound encompassing the unprecedented 1,7-diamino-3-hydroxyheptane moiety.     

Suberedamines A and B, new bromotyrosine alkaloids from a sponge Suberea species

Two new cytotoxic bromotyrosine alkaloids, suberedamines A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from an Okinawan marine sponge Suberea sp. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical means.     

Novel polycyclic guanidine alkaloids from two marine sponges of the genus Monanchora

Two marine sponges of the genus Monanchora (Poecilosclerida, Crambeidae) have been found to contain new polycyclic guanidine alkaloids bearing the (5,6,8b)-triazaperhydroacenaphthylene skeleton. Their structures have been determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis. Dehydrobatzelladine C (1) has been isolated from M. arbuscula and crambescidins 359 (2) and 431 (3) from M. unguiculata. The chemotaxonomic implications of these findings are discussed.     

Sanguinones A and B, blue pyrroloquinoline alkaloids from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Mycena sanguinolenta

Two previously unknown blue alkaloid pigments, sanguinone A (1) and sanguinone B (2), and one new red indoloquinone alkaloid, sanguinolentaquinone (3), have been isolated from Mycena sanguinolenta fruiting bodies. In addition, decarboxydehydrosanguinone A (4) was identified as an oxidative decarboxylation artifact of 1. The structures of these alkaloids have been established by 2D NMR and ESIMS methods. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by comparison of their CD spectra with the CD spectrum of mycenarubin A (5), which we isolated recently from fruiting bodies of the mushroom Mycena rosea. The sanguinones are structurally related not only to the mycenarubins A (5) and B but also to a large number of marine alkaloids such as the discorhabdins.     

Amphimedosides, 3-alkylpyridine glycosides from a marine sponge Amphimedon sp

Five 3-alkylpyridine alkaloids, amphimedosides A-E (1-5), have been isolated from a marine sponge Amphimedon sp. The structures of 1-5 have been determined by analysis of NMR and FABMS data and chiral GC analyses of the acid hyrolyzates. In particular, the site of glycosylation in 1 was confirmed by the 1H-15N HMBC experiment, and the location of the double bond in 5 was assigned on the basis of tandem FABMS data. Amphimedosides are the first examples of beta-D-glucosylated 3-alkylpyridine alkaloids and exhibited cytotoxic activities comparable with those of the nonglycosylated congeners.     

Nagelamides A-H, new dimeric bromopyrrole alkaloids from marine sponge Agelas species

Eight new dimeric bromopyrrole alkaloids, nagelamides A-H (1-8) and a monomeric one, 9,10-dihydrokeramadine (9), have been isolated from the Okinawan marine sponge Agelas sp., and the structures were elucidated from spectroscopic data. Nagelamides A-H (1-8) exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Nagelamide G (7) inhibited protein phosphatase 2A activity.